Patuleia

The Patuleia, Guerra da Patuleia, or Little Civil War was a

civil war A civil war is a war between organized groups within the same Sovereign state, state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies.J ...

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...

in 1846-47, so called to distinguish it from the 'great' civil war between Pedro IV and

Miguel I '' Dom'' Miguel I (26 October 1802 – 14 November 1866), known by several nicknames, was the King of Portugal between 1828 and 1834. He was son of King John VI and Queen Carlota Joaquina. Following his exile as a result of his actions ...

(1828-1834). The Patuleia occurred after the

Revolution of Maria da Fonte The Revolution of Maria da Fonte, or Revolution of the Minho, is the name given to a popular revolt in the spring of 1846 against the Cartista government of Portugal (presided over by António Bernardo da Costa Cabral, 1st Marquess of Tomar). T ...

, and was closely associated with her. It was caused by the nomination, as a result of the

palace coup A palace is a large residence, often serving as a royal residence or the home for a head of state or another high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop. The word is derived from the Latin name palātium, for Palatine Hill in Rome whi ...

of 6 October 1846, known as the " Emboscada", to set up a clearly

Cartista Cartista was a Portuguese ideology which arose after the Portuguese Liberal Revolution of 1820. Members supported the Constitutional Charter of 1826 granted by Peter IV of Portugal, which was an attempt to reduce the conflicts created by the re ...

government presided over by marshal João Oliveira e Daun, Duke of Saldanha. The war lasted eight months, pitting the Cartistas (with the support of Queen

Maria II Dona Maria II (Maria da Glória Joana Carlota Leopoldina da Cruz Francisca Xavier de Paula Isidora Micaela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga de Habsburgo-Lorena e Bragança; 4 April 1819 – 15 November 1853) also known as "the Educator" () or as ...

) against an unnatural coalition of Septembrists and

Miguelist In the history of Portugal, a Miguelist () is a supporter of the legitimacy of the king Miguel I of Portugal and his descendants. Miguel was regent for his niece Queen Maria II of Portugal, and potential royal consort. However, he claimed the ...

s. The focus of resistance to the new government was the Septembrist 'Junta of

Porto Porto (), also known in English language, English as Oporto, is the List of cities in Portugal, second largest city in Portugal, after Lisbon. It is the capital of the Porto District and one of the Iberian Peninsula's major urban areas. Porto c ...

', whose military leader, the First Count of Bonfim, was defeated by Marshal Saldanha at the siege of

Torres Vedras Torres Vedras () is a concelho, municipality in the Portugal, Portuguese district of Lisbon (district), Lisbon, approximately north of the capital Lisbon. It is a strong agricultural region thanks to its vineyards, and has an intense commercial ...

on 22–23 December 1846, and sent into exile in

Angola Angola, officially the Republic of Angola, is a country on the west-Central Africa, central coast of Southern Africa. It is the second-largest Portuguese-speaking world, Portuguese-speaking (Lusophone) country in both total area and List of c ...

. Following the intervention of foreign military forces of the

Quadruple Alliance Quadruple Alliance may refer to: * The 1718 alliance between Austria, France, the Netherlands, and Great Britain during the War of the Quadruple Alliance * The alliance between Great Britain, Austria, the Netherlands, and Saxony in the Treaty of Wa ...

, the war ended in a clear Cartista victory, resulting in the signing of the

Convention of Gramido The Convention of Gramido was an agreement signed on 29 June 1847, in the Casa Branca (White House) of Gramido, in Valbom, Portugal. It marked the conclusion of the Patuleia, a civil war between the Septembrism, Septembrists and the Cartista, Cart ...

on 30 June 1847. 1846 in Portugal Wars involving Portugal Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Europe Civil wars of the 19th century Cabralism Revolution-based civil wars Conflicts in 1846 1847 in Portugal {{Portugal-hist-stub