Patashpur I
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Patashpur I (also spelled as Potashpur) is a
community development block In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply Block is a sub-division of District, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). T ...
that forms an administrative division in
Egra subdivision Egra subdivision is a subdivision of the Purba Medinipur district in the state of West Bengal, India. Subdivisions Purba Medinipur district is divided into the following administrative subdivisions: Administrative units Egra subdivision has ...
of
Purba Medinipur district East Medinipur (Alternative spelling ''Midnapore'') district is an administrative unit in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the southernmost district of Medinipur division – one of the five administrative divisions of West Bengal. The ...
in the
India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...
n
state State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...
of
West Bengal West Bengal (; Bengali language, Bengali: , , abbr. WB) is a States and union territories of India, state in the East India, eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabi ...
.


Geography

Purba Medinipur district is part of the lower
Indo-Gangetic Plain The Indo-Gangetic Plain, also known as the Northern Plain or North Indian River Plain, is a fertile plain spanning across the northern and north-eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. It encompasses North India, northern and East India, easte ...
and
Eastern coastal plains The Eastern Coastal Plains is a stretch of landmass lying between the eastern part of the Deccan plateau and the Bay of Bengal in India. The plains stretch from the Mahanadi delta to Kaniyakumari at the southern tip of the Indian peninsula with ...
. Topographically, the district can be divided into two parts – (a) almost entirely flat plains on the west, east, and north, (b) the coastal plains on the south. The vast expanse of land is formed of
alluvium Alluvium (, ) is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluvium is also sometimes called alluvial deposit. Alluvium is ...
and is composed of younger and coastal alluvial. The elevation of the district is within 10 metres above mean sea level. The district has a long coastline of 65.5 km along its southern and south eastern boundary. Five coastal CD Blocks, namely, Khejuri II, Contai II (Deshapran), Contai I, Ramnagar I and II, are occasionally affected by cyclones and tornadoes. Tidal floods are quite regular in these five CD Blocks. Normally floods occur in 21 of the 25 CD Blocks in the district. The major rivers are Haldi, Rupnarayan, Rasulpur, Bagui and Keleghai, flowing in north to south or south-east direction. River water is an important source of irrigation. The district has a low 899 hectare forest cover, which is 0.02% of its geographical area. Barhat, a constituent panchayat of Patashpur I block, is located at . Patashpur I CD Block is bounded by Sabang CD Block, in Paschim Medinipur district in the north,
Bhagabanpur I Bhagabanpur I (also spelt as Bhagawanpur) is a Community development block in India, community development block that forms an administrative division in Egra subdivision of Purba Medinipur district in the States and territories of India, Indian st ...
and
Bhagabanpur II Bhagabanpur II (also spelt as Bhagawanpur) is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Contai subdivision of Purba Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Geography Purba Medinipur district is p ...
CD Blocks in the east,
Patashpur II Patashpur II (also spelled as Potashpur) is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Egra subdivision of Purba Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.The headquarters in Pratapdighi. Geography Purba ...
CD Block in the south and Narayangarh and
Dantan II Dantan II is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Kharagpur subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. History Archaeological excavations at Moghalmari have revealed the exi ...
CD Blocks, in Paschim Medinipur district, in the west. It is located 54 km from
Tamluk Tamluk (), is a town and a municipality in the Indian States and territories of India, state of West Bengal. It is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities of the world and the headquarter ...
, the district headquarters. Patashpur I CD Block has an area of 172.26 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 9 gram panchayats, 127 gram sansads (village councils), 140
mouza In Bangladesh, Pakistan and parts of India, a mouza or mauza (also mouja) is a type of administrative district, corresponding to a specific land area within which there may be one or more settlements. Before the 20th century, the term referred to a ...
s and 136 inhabited villages. Patashpur police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD Block is at Amarshi Kasba. Gram panchayats of Patashpur I block/ panchayat samiti are: Amarshi I, Amarshi II, Barhat, Brajalalpur, Chistipur I, Chistipur II, Gokulpur, Gopalpur and Naipur.


Demographics


Population

As per 2011 Census of India Potashpur I CD Block had a total population of 173,377, of which 166,977 were rural dwellers while 6,400 were urban. There were 89,555 (52%) males and 83,822 (48%) females. Population below 6 years was 19,008. Scheduled Castes numbered 24,341 (14.04%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 1,124 (0.65%). As per 2001 census, Patashpur I block had a total population of 151,605, out of which 77,640 were males and 73,965 were females. Patashpur I block registered a population growth of 13.28 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the combined Midnapore district was 14.87 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.
Census Town In India and some other countries, a census town is designated as a town that satisfies certain characteristics. India In India, a census town is one which is not statutorily notified and administered as a town, but nevertheless whose population ...
in Patashpur I CD Block (2011 census figure in brackets): Amarshi Kasba (6,400). Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Patashpur I CD Block (2011 census figures in brackets): Amarpur (4,388), Gokulpur (5,967), Selmabad (5,266), Gopalpur (4,405) and Taladiha (4,599). Other villages in Patashpur I CD Block (2011 census figures in brackets) : Naipur (3,800), Brajalalpur (1,144), Chistipur (3,019), Barhat (2,781) and Golara Nij (3,001).


Literacy

As per 2011 census the total number of literates in Patashpur I CD Block was 132,781 (86.58% of the population over 6 years) out of which 73,302 (55%) were males and 59,479 (45%) were females. As per 2011 census, literacy in Purba Medinipur district was 87.02%. Purba Medinipur had the highest literacy amongst all the districts of West Bengal in 2011. See also –
List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate This is a list of districts in the Indian state of West Bengal ranked by literacy rate as per provisional data of 2011 census. With a literacy rate of 96.26% (male 90.69% and female 96.54%), above the national average of 90.04%, as per the 2011 C ...


Language and religion

In 2011 census Hindus numbered 161,639 and formed 93.23% of the population in Patashpur I CD Block. Muslims numbered 11,548 and formed 6.66% of the population. Others numbered 190 and formed 0.11% of the population. In 2001, Hindus made up 94.22% and Muslims 5.74% of the population respectively. According to the 2011 census, 98.29% of the population spoke
Bengali Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to: *something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia * Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region * Bengali language, the language they speak ** Bengali alphabet, the w ...
and 1.33%
Hindi Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...
as their first language.


Rural poverty

The District Human Development Report for Purba Medinipur has provided a CD Block-wise data table for Modified Human Poverty Index of the district. Patashpur I CD Block registered 20.81 on the MHPI scale. The CD Block-wise mean MHPI was estimated at 24.78. Eleven out of twentyfive CD Blocks were found to be severely deprived in respect of grand CD Block average value of MHPI (CD Blocks with lower amount of poverty are better): All the CD Blocks of Haldia and Contai subdivisions appeared backward, except Ramnagar I & II, of all the blocks of Egra subdivision only Bhagabanpur I appeared backward and in Tamluk subdivision none appeared backward.


Economy


Livelihood

In Patashpur I CD Block in 2011, total workers formed 42.22% of the total population and amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 32.75%, agricultural labourers 43.45%, household industry workers 7.39% and other workers 16.42%.


Infrastructure

There are 136 inhabited villages in Patashpur I CD block. All 136 villages (100%) have power supply. 135 villages (99.26%) have drinking water supply. 27 villages (19.85%) have post offices. 127 villages (93.38%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 31 villages (22.79%) have a pucca (paved) approach road and 44 villages (32.35%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 39 villages (28.68%) have agricultural credit societies. 6 villages (4.41%) have banks. In 2007-08, around 40% of rural households in the district had electricity. In 2013-14, there were 69 fertiliser depots, 4 seed stores and 27 fair price shops in the CD Block.


Agriculture

According to the District
Human Development Report The Human Development Report (HDR) is an annual Human Development Index report published by the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The first HDR was launched in 1990 by the Pakistani economist Ma ...
of Purba Medinipur: The agricultural sector is the lifeline of a predominantly rural economy. It is largely dependent on the Low Capacity Deep Tubewells (around 50%) or High Capacity Deep Tubewells (around 27%) for irrigation, as the district does not have a good network of canals, compared to some of the neighbouring districts. In many cases the canals are drainage canals which get the backflow of river water at times of high tide or the rainy season. The average size of land holding in Purba Medinipur, in 2005-06, was 0.73 hectares against 1.01 hectares in West Bengal. In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Patashpur I CD Block was 10,630 hectares, out of which 598 hectares were irrigated by canal water, 686 hectares by tank water, 4,215 hectares by deep tube well, 4,736 hectares by shallow tube well and 395 hectares by river lift irrigation. Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights of
bargadar Sharecropping is a legal arrangement in which a landowner allows a tenant (sharecropper) to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land. Sharecropping is not to be conflated with tenant farming, providing the tenant a ...
s to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. Following
land reforms Land reform (also known as agrarian reform) involves the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership, land use, and land transfers. The reforms may be initiated by governments, by interested groups, or by revolution. Lan ...
land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Patashpur I CD Block could be classified as follows:
bargadar Sharecropping is a legal arrangement in which a landowner allows a tenant (sharecropper) to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land. Sharecropping is not to be conflated with tenant farming, providing the tenant a ...
s 6.98%, patta (document) holders 11.56%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 1.90%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 33.71% and agricultural labourers 45.86%. In 2013-14, Patashpur I CD Block produced 31,032 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 17,281 hectares, 47,540 tonnes of Boro paddy, the spring crop, from 10,565 hectares, 11,875 tonnes of Aus paddy, the summer cop, from 4,682 hectares and 3,424 toones of potatoes, from 114 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.
Betel Betel (''Piper betle'') is a species of flowering plant in the pepper family Piperaceae, native to Southeast Asia. It is an evergreen, dioecious vine, with glossy heart-shaped leaves and white catkins. Betel plants are cultivated for their lea ...
vine is a major source of livelihood in Purba Medinipur district, particularly in Tamluk and Contai subdivisions. Betelvine production in 2008-09 was the highest amongst all the districts and was around a third of the total state production. In 2008-09, Purba Mednipur produced 2,789 tonnes of
cashew nuts Cashew is the common name of a tropical evergreen tree ''Anacardium occidentale'', in the family Anacardiaceae. It is native to South America and is the source of the cashew nut and the cashew apple, an accessory fruit. The tree can grow as tal ...
from 3,340 hectares of land.


Pisciculture

Purba Medinipur's net district domestic product derives one fifth of its earnings from fisheries, the highest amongst all the districts of West Bengal. The nett area available for effective pisciculture in Patashpur I CD Block in 2013-14 was 1,845.53 hectares. 8,530 persons were engaged in the profession and approximate annual production was 70,315 quintals.


Banking

In 2013-14, Patashpur I CD Block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 1 gramin bank.


Backward Regions Grant Fund

Medinipur East district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the
Backward Regions Grant Fund The Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF) is an Indian government program designed to "address regional imbalances in development." The programme was launched by Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh at Barpeta, Assam on 19 February 2007. The BRG ...
. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.


Transport

Patashpur I CD Block has 3 ferry service and 7 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 32 km from the block headquarters.


Education

In 2013-14, Patashpur I CD Block had 124 primary schools with 7,368 students, 9 middle schools with 2,317 students, 11 high schools with 6,043 students and 11 higher secondary schools with 13,531 students. Patashpur I CD Block had 1 general college with 2,279 students, 1 technical/ professional institution with 100 students and 309 institutions for special and non-formal education with 12,107 students. As per the 2011 census, in Patashpur I CD block, amongst the 136 inhabited villages, 10 villages did not have a school, 31 villages had two or more primary schools, 32 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 17 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school. Yogoda Satsanga Palpara Mahavidyalaya was established in 1964 at Palpara. It offers undergraduate, as well as B.Ed. and M.Ed. courses,


Healthcare

In 2014, Patashpur I CD Block had 1 block primary health centre, 1 primary health centre and 3 nursing homes with total 40 beds and 4 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 27 family welfare sub centres. 1,296 patients were treated indoor and 48,668 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block. Gonara Block Primary Health Centre at Golara Nij, PO Manglamaro (with 10 beds) is the main medical facility in Patashpur I CD block. There is a primary health centre at Borhat, PO Katranka (with 6 beds).


References

{{Purba Medinipur topics Community development blocks in Purba Medinipur district