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''Pastinachus'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of stingray
Stingrays are a group of sea Batoidea, rays, a type of cartilaginous fish. They are classified in the suborder Myliobatoidei of the order Myliobatiformes and consist of eight families: Hexatrygonidae (sixgill stingray), Plesiobatidae (deepwate ...
s in the family Dasyatidae. This genus was long held to be monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unisp ...
, containing only the cowtail stingray
The cowtail stingray (''Pastinachus sephen'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, widespread in the Indo-Pacific region and occasionally entering freshwater habitats. Other common names include banana-tail ray, drab stingray, fant ...
(''P. sephen''). Recent studies of Indo-Pacific
The Indo-Pacific is a vast biogeographic region of Earth. In a narrow sense, sometimes known as the Indo-West Pacific or Indo-Pacific Asia, it comprises the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and the ...
stingrays have revealed that there are in fact a number of different species of ''Pastinachus'', and that some former junior synonyms
In taxonomy, the scientific classification of living organisms, a synonym is an alternative scientific name for the accepted scientific name of a taxon. The botanical and zoological codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently.
...
may need to be resurrected.
Species
*'' Pastinachus ater'' ( W. J. Macleay, 1883) (Broad cowtail stingray) *''Pastinachus gracilicaudus
''Pastinachus gracilicaudus'', the narrow cowtail ray, is a type of cowtail ray patchily found in Indo-Malay Archipelago. It lives in the continental insular shelves of up to 60 m depth.
Description
The narrow cowtail ray possesses several cha ...
'' Last
A last is a mechanical form shaped like a human foot. It is used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts come in many styles and sizes, depending on the exact job they are designed for. Common variations ...
& Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2010 (Narrow cowtail stingray)
*''Pastinachus sephen
The cowtail stingray (''Pastinachus sephen'') is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, widespread in the Indo-Pacific region and occasionally entering freshwater habitats. Other common names include banana-tail ray, drab stingray, fant ...
'' ( Forsskål, 1775) (Cowtail stingray)
*'' Pastinachus solocirostris'' Last, Manjaji & Yearsley, 2005 (Roughnose cowtail stingray)
*''Pastinachus stellurostris
''Pastinachus stellurostris'', the starrynose cowtail ray, is a type of tropical ray of the family Dasyatidae found mainly in Indonesia, specifically the estuary of Kapuas River in West Kalimantan. It is believed to inhabit both freshwater and ...
'' Last, Fahmi Fahmi () is an Arabic name in the possessive form of the word ''fahm'' (Arabic: ) which means "understanding, comprehension, knowing", and which stems from the verb ''fahima'' (Arabic: ) meaning "come to know about", "to realize, understand or comp ...
& Naylor, 2010 (Starrynose cowtail stingray)
Phylogeny
Combining the molecular genetic relationship analysis of the NADH2 DNA, which was used to assign ''Pastinachus stellurostris'', and the analysis of the COI gene, which was used to evaluate ''P. gracilicaudus'' accordingly,Peter R. Last, B. Mabel Manjaji-Matsumoto: ''Description of a new stingray,'' Pastinachus gracilicaudus ''sp. nov. (Elasmobranchii, Myliobatiformes), based on material from the Indo-Malay Archipelago.'' In: P. R. Last, W. T. White, J. J. Pogonoski (Hrsg.): ''Descriptions of new sharks and rays from Borneo.'' CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper no. 32; S. 115–128, 2010 results in approximately the following cladogram for the genus:
References
* Dasyatidae Ray genera Taxa named by Eduard Rüppell {{batoid-stub