Pascal Sébah

Pascal Sébah (1823–1886) was a photographer in Constantinople (now Istanbul) and Cairo, who produced a prolific number of images of Egypt, Turkey and Greece to serve the tourist trade.

Life and work

Pascal Sébah was born in Constantinople, then the capital of the Ottoman Empire, to an Assyrian father and an Armenian mother.Philip Carabott, Yannis Hamilakis and Eleni Papargyriou (eds), ''Camera Graeca: Photographs, Narratives, Materialities,'' Routledge, 2016, p. 114

He initially worked in collaboration with the French photographer, Henri Bechard. After receiving medals at the International Exhibition in Paris, he decided to open his own studio in Constantinople in 1857. Sébah's studio was known as 'El Chark'' (meaning "The Orient"), situated at 439 Grande Rue de Pera in the center of the city and close by the embassies and hotels where tourists met.

Sébah primarily produced photographs for the tourist trade. By the second half of the 19th century, tourist travel to Egypt had created strong demand for photographs as souvenirs. Sébah was among a group of early photographers in Constantinople and Cairo to capitalise on this demand. These pioneering photographers included Félix Bonfils (1831-1885); Gustave Le Gray (1820-1884), brothers Henri and Emile Bechard; the British-Italian brothers Antonio Beato (c. 1832–1906) and Felice Beato and the Greek Zangaki brothers. By 1873 Sébah was successful enough to open a second studio in Cairo. The same year, he exhibited at the Ottoman pavilion of the Universal Exhibition in Vienna, Austria.Photography in Ottoman Istanbul
by Margaret Kurkoski, 2013-2015 Curatorial Fellow, Smith College Museum of Art

He established a valuable working relationship with Turkish painter Osman Hamdi Bey, taking photographs as part of the artist's preparation, and in which he experimented with light and shade. In turn, Hamdi Bey selected Sébah to illustrate his text on the popular costumes worn by Turkish and other ethnic groups, entitled ''Les Costumes Populaires de la Turquie en 1873: ouvrage publié sous le patronage de la Commission impériale ottomane pour l'Exposition universelle de Vienne'' and published in 1873.Osman Hamdi Bey; Marie de Launay; J Pascal Sébah, ''Les Costumes Populaires de la Turquie en 1873: ouvrage publié sous le patronage de la Commission impériale ottomane pour l'Exposition universelle de Vienne,'' Turkey, Commission impériale ottomane pour l'Exposition universelle de Vienne, 1873

Following his death on 25 June 1886, the studio continued in business. It was managed by his brother, Cosmi, and in 1888 Pollicarpe Joiallier became a partner. At this time, the company was renamed Sebah & JoaillierHannavy, J., ''Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-Century Photography,'' Routledge, 2013, p. 1036 Pascal's son, Jean Pascal Sébah, also joined in 1888 and went on to run the studio with other photographers. The firm developed a reputation as the leading representative of Orientalist photography and in 1889 was appointed the Photographers by Appointment to the Prussian Court. Sébah's studio continued operations, in one form or another, until 1952 at the same address and then moved until its closure in 1973.

Sebah, a Syrian Catholic, was buried in the Latin cemetery in Ferikoy. His son, Jean Pascal Sébah, is also buried there.

Gallery of photographs by Sébah

File:Sultan Abd-ul-Aziz - P. Sebah (1838-1910).jpg, Portrait of Sultan Abdul Aziz by Pascal Sébah
File:Pascal Sébah (Turkish, 1823-1886). Panoramic view of the Topkapi Saray Palace (section 1), ca. 1860-1880.jpg, Section of the ''Panoramic view of the Topkapı Palace, ca. 1860-1880, Brooklyn Museum
File:Damascusfashion.jpg, Damascus fashion, illustration from the book ''Popular Costumes in Turkey,'' 1873
File:Constan.jpg, Turkish Women of Constantinople, illustration from the book ''Popular Costumes in Turkey,'' 1873
File:Syrian20fashions.jpg, Syrian fashion, illustration from the book ''Popular Costumes in Turkey,'' 1873
File:Alepp0fashion.jpg, Bedouins from Aleppo, illustration from the book ''Popular Costumes in Turkey,'' 1873
File:Zahlefashion.jpg, Fashion from ''(l-r)'' Zahle, Lebanon and (Zgharta), illustration from the book ''Popular Costumes in Turkey,'' 1873
File:Ottomcostumes1873 planche16 shkodra.jpg, Christian couple from Shkodra, illustration from the book ''Popular Costumes in Turkey,'' 1873
File:MMoCA191a (MA) Photographs by J. Pascal Sebah.jpg, ''Dendra: 'Temple of Hathor
File:MMoCA191b (MA) Photographs by J. Pascal Sebah.jpg, ''Abydoss Seti I Offering Incense to Osiris''

See also

* List of Orientalist artists
* Orientalism

References

General references

* Fabrizio Casaretto, Sébah & Joaillier photos. www.sebahjoaillier.com
* Engin Özendes, ''From Sébah & Joaillier to Foto Sabah. Orientalism in Photography'', Istanbul, YKY, 1999.
* Michelle L. Woodward, "Between Orientalist Clichés and Images of Modernization: Photographic Practice in the Late Ottoman Era," ''History of Photography'', winter 2003, Vol. 27, No. 4.

External links

''Les Costumes Popularies de la Turquie en 1873''
by Osman Bey Hamdi with illustrations by Pascal Sébah

Vintage Rag Trader - Vintage Photographs by Pascal Sebah


blog on Sebah's biography

Pascal Sébah
blog on Sebah's biography
*
Bibliothèque numérique de l'INHA - Fonds photographique Pascal Sébah de l'ENSBA

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sebah, Pascal
1823 births
1886 deaths
19th-century photographers
Armenian photographers
Orientalist painters
Early photographers in Egypt