''Parviturbo'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of minute
sea snail
Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...
s,
marine gastropod
Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusk
Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s in the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Skeneidae
The Skeneidae are a speciose family of minute to small marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Trochoidea.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2013). Skeneidae. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.ph ...
.
Description
The very small, solid shell is perforate or has a narrow
umbilicus. It contains a few convex
whorl
A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs).
In nature
File:Photograph and axial plane floral diagra ...
s. The
protoconch
A protoconch (meaning first or earliest or original shell) is an embryonic or larval shell which occurs in some classes of molluscs, e.g., the initial chamber of an ammonite or the larval shell of a gastropod. In older texts it is also called " ...
consists of one or two smooth whorls. The turbinate or globoso-conic shell shows numerous subequal spiral cords with in their intervals well developed or weak cross threads. The dentition of the
radula
The radula (; : radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by mollusks for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters ...
is rhipidoglossate.
[Pilsbry & Olsson, Vitrinellidae and Similar Gastropods of the Panamic Province. Part I; Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Vol. 97, (1945), pp. 249-278]
Species
Species within the genus ''Parviturbo'' include:
* ''
Parviturbo acuticostatus''
(Carpenter, 1864)
* ''
Parviturbo agulhasensis
''Parviturbo'' is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Skeneidae.
Description
The very small, solid shell is perforate or has a narrow umbilicus. It contains a few convex whorls. The protoconch consists of one ...
''
(Thiele, 1925)
* ''
Parviturbo alboranensis''
Peñas & Rolán, 2006
* ''
Parviturbo alfredensis
''Parviturbo'' is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Skeneidae.
Description
The very small, solid shell is perforate or has a narrow umbilicus. It contains a few convex whorls. The protoconch consists of one ...
''
(Bartsch, 1915)
* ''
Parviturbo annejoffeae
''Parviturbo'' is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Skeneidae.
Description
The very small, solid shell is perforate or has a narrow umbilicus. It contains a few convex whorls. The protoconch consists of one ...
''
Rubio, Rolán & Lee, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo azoricus
''Parviturbo'' is a genus of minute sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the family (biology), family Skeneidae.
Description
The very small, solid shell is perforate or has a narrow Umbilicus (mollusc), umbilicus. It contains ...
''
Rubio, Rolán & Segers, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo billfranki
''Parviturbo'' is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Skeneidae.
Description
The very small, solid shell is perforate or has a narrow umbilicus. It contains a few convex whorls. The protoconch consists of one ...
''
Rubio, Rolán & Lee, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo boucheti
''Parviturbo'' is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Skeneidae.
Description
The very small, solid shell is perforate or has a narrow umbilicus. It contains a few convex whorls. The protoconch consists of one ...
''
Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo brasiliensis
''Parviturbo'' is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Skeneidae.
Description
The very small, solid shell is perforate or has a narrow umbilicus. It contains a few convex whorls. The protoconch consists of one ...
''
Rubio, Rolán & Lee, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo comptus''
(Woodring, 1928)
* ''
Parviturbo copiosus''
Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
* ''
Parviturbo dibellai''
Buzzurro & Cecalupo, 2007
* ''
Parviturbo dengyanzhangi
''Parviturbo'' is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Skeneidae.
Description
The very small, solid shell is perforate or has a narrow umbilicus. It contains a few convex whorls. The protoconch consists of one ...
''
Rubio, Rolán & Lee, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo dispar
''Parviturbo'' is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Skeneidae.
Description
The very small, solid shell is perforate or has a narrow umbilicus. It contains a few convex whorls. The protoconch consists of one ...
''
Rubio, Rolán & Letourneux, 2015
* † ''
Parviturbo elegantulus''
(Philippi, 1844)
* ''
Parviturbo ergasticus''
Rubio, Rolán & Gofas, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo fenestratus''
(Chaster, 1896)
* ''
Parviturbo fortius''
Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo gofasi''
Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo germanus''
Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945
* ''
Parviturbo granulum''
(Dall, 1889)
* ''
Parviturbo guadeloupensis''
Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo insularis''
Rolán, 1988
* ''
Parviturbo javiercondei''
Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo laevisculptus''
Renda, Raveggi, Bartolini, Micali & Giacobbe, 2019
* ''
Parviturbo marcosi''
Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015
* † ''
Parviturbo maturensis''
Jung, 1969
* ''
Parviturbo multispiralis''
Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo parvissima''
(Hedley, 1899)
* ''
Parviturbo pombali''
Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo rectangularis''
Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo rehderi''
Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945
* ''
Parviturbo robustior''
Rubio, Rolán & Lee, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo rolani''
Engl, 2001
* ''
Parviturbo seamountensis''
Rubio, Rolán & Gofas, 2015
* ''
Parviturbo sola''
(Barnard, 1963)
* † ''
Parviturbo sphaeroideus''
(S. V. Wood, 1842)
* ''
Parviturbo stearnsii''
(Dall, 1918)
* ''
Parviturbo tuberculosus''
(d'Orbigny, 1842)
* ''
Parviturbo vanuatuensis''
Rubio, Rolán & Fernández-Garcés, 2015
* † ''
Parviturbo venezuelensis''
Weisbord, 1962
* ''
Parviturbo weberi''
Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945
* ''
Parviturbo zylmanae''
Rubio, Rolán & Lee, 2015
;Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Parviturbo bellus''
Dall, 1889: synonym of ''
Fossarus bellus''
Dall, 1889
* ''Parviturbo calidimaris''
Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945: synonym of ''
Haplocochlias calidimaris''
(Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945)
* ''Parviturbo concepcionensis''
(Lowe, 1935): synonym of ''
Haplocochlias concepcionensis''
(Lowe, 1933)
* ''Parviturbo copiosus''
Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945: synonym of ''
Parviturboides copiosus''
(Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945) (original combination)
* ''Parviturbo decussatus''
(Carpenter, 1857): synonym of ''
Parviturboides decussatus''
(Carpenter, 1857)
* ''Parviturbo dibellai''
Buzzurro & Cecalupo, 2007: synonym of ''Fossarus eutorniscus''
Melvill, 1918: synonym of ''
Conradia eutornisca''
(Melvill, 1918)
* ''Parviturbo erici''
(Strong & Hertlein, 1939): synonym of ''
Haplocochlias erici''
(Strong & Hertlein, 1939)
* ''Parviturbo francesae''
Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945: synonym of ''
Haplocochlias francesae''
(Pilsbry & McGinty, 1945)
* ''Parviturbo germanus''
Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945: synonym of ''
Parviturboides germanus''
(Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945) (original combination)
* † ''Parviturbo lecointreae''
(Dollfus & Dautzenberg, 1899): synonym of † ''
Pareuchelus lecointreae''
(Dollfus & Dautzenberg, 1899) (superseded combination)
* ''Parviturbo parvissimus'' (Hedley, 1899): synonym of ''
Lophocochlias parvissimus''
(Hedley, 1899)
* ''Parviturbo turbinus''
(Dall, 1889):
synonym of ''
Haplocochlias turbinus''
(Dall, 1889)
* ''Parviturbo zacalles''
Mazyck, 1913: synonym of ''
Parviturboides interruptus''
(C. B. Adams, 1850)
References
Pilsbry H.A. & McGinty T.L. (1945). "Cyclostrematidae" and Vitrinellidae of Florida. I. Nautilus, 59(1): 1-13, pl. 1-2; II, Nautilus, 59(2): 52-60, pl. 6* Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). ''European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification''. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
* Rolán E., 2005.'' Malacological Fauna From The Cape Verde Archipelago. Part 1, Polyplacophora and Gastropoda.''
* Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). ''All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia''. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
* Rubio F., Rolán E. & Fernández-Garcés R. (2015). Revision of the genera Parviturbo and Pseudorbis (Gastropoda, Skeneidae). Iberus. 33(2): 167-259
External links
Pilsbry, H. A. & McGinty, T. L. (1945). Cyclostrematidae and Vitrinellidae of Florida- I. The Nautilus. 59(1): 1-13, pls 1-2
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3138327
Skeneidae
Gastropod genera