Particle accelerators in popular culture appear in popular
science
Science is a systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.
Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence for ...
books,
fiction
Fiction is any creative work, chiefly any narrative work, portraying individuals, events, or places that are imaginary, or in ways that are imaginary. Fictional portrayals are thus inconsistent with history, fact, or plausibility. In a traditi ...
al literature,
feature film
A feature film or feature-length film is a narrative film (motion picture or "movie") with a running time long enough to be considered the principal or sole presentation in a commercial entertainment program. The term ''feature film'' originall ...
s,
TV series
A television show – or simply TV show – is any content produced for viewing on a television set which can be broadcast via over-the-air, satellite, or cable, excluding breaking news, advertisements, or trailers that are typically placed betw ...
and other media which include
particle accelerators as part of their content.
Particle physics
Particle physics or high energy physics is the study of fundamental particles and forces that constitute matter and radiation. The fundamental particles in the universe are classified in the Standard Model as fermions (matter particles) an ...
, fictional or scientific, is an inherent part of this topic.
In popular science
''The God Particle''
''
The God Particle: If the Universe Is the Answer, What Is the Question?'' is a 1993 popular science book by Nobel Prize-winning physicist
Leon M. Lederman
Leon Max Lederman (July 15, 1922 – October 3, 2018) was an American experimental physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1988, along with Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger, for research on neutrinos. He also received the Wolf Pr ...
and science writer
Dick Teresi
Dick Teresi is an American writer. He is a co-author of '' The God Particle: If the Universe Is the Answer, What Is the Question?'' He is also a former editor of '' Omni''.
Career
With his wife Judith Hooper, Teresi has coauthored ''The Three Poun ...
. This book was very popular, a New York Times, bestseller, which introduced the public to an overview of the science of Particle physics.
It provides a brief history of
particle physics
Particle physics or high energy physics is the study of fundamental particles and forces that constitute matter and radiation. The fundamental particles in the universe are classified in the Standard Model as fermions (matter particles) an ...
, starting with the Pre-Socratic Greek philosopher
Democritus
Democritus (; el, Δημόκριτος, ''Dēmókritos'', meaning "chosen of the people"; – ) was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Abdera, primarily remembered today for his formulation of an atomic theory of the universe. No ...
, and continuing through
Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author (described in his time as a "natural philosopher"), widely recognised as one of the grea ...
,
Roger J. Boscovich,
Michael Faraday
Michael Faraday (; 22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. His main discoveries include the principles underlying electromagnetic inducti ...
, and
Ernest Rutherford. This leads into a discussion of the development of
quantum physics
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that provides a description of the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. It is the foundation of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, qua ...
in the 20th century. In a nod to the
philosophy
Philosophy (from , ) is the systematized study of general and fundamental questions, such as those about existence, reason, knowledge, values, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved. Some ...
of
atomism
Atomism (from Greek , ''atomon'', i.e. "uncuttable, indivisible") is a natural philosophy proposing that the physical universe is composed of fundamental indivisible components known as atoms.
References to the concept of atomism and its atoms ...
, Lederman follows the convention of using the word "atom" to refer to atoms in their modern sense as the smallest unit of any
chemical element
A chemical element is a species of atoms that have a given number of protons in their nuclei, including the pure substance consisting only of that species. Unlike chemical compounds, chemical elements cannot be broken down into simpler sub ...
, and "a-tom" to refer to the actual basic indivisible particles of matter, the quarks and leptons.
[L&T page 17, 87(atomism) and 5 through 24]
Richard Feynman books
''Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!''
''
Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!'' is an edited collection of reminiscences by the
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
-winning
physicist
A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe.
Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate caus ...
Richard Feynman. The book, released in 1985, covers a variety of instances in Feynman's life. Some are lighthearted in tone, such as his fascination with
safe-cracking
Safe-cracking is the process of opening a safe without either the combination or the key.
Physical methods
Different procedures may be used to crack a safe, depending on its construction. Different procedures are required to open different safes ...
, fondness for topless bars, and ventures into art and
samba
Samba (), also known as samba urbano carioca (''urban Carioca samba'') or simply samba carioca (''Carioca samba''), is a Brazilian music genre that originated in the Afro-Brazilian communities of Rio de Janeiro in the early 20th century. Havin ...
music. Others cover more serious material, including his work on the
Manhattan Project
The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. From 1942 to 1946, the project w ...
(during which his first wife Arline Greenbaum died of
tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in ...
) and his critique of the
science education system
in Brazil.
''The Feynman Lectures on Physics''
''
The Feynman Lectures on Physics
''The Feynman Lectures on Physics'' is a physics textbook based on some lectures by Richard Feynman, a Nobel laureate who has sometimes been called "The Great Explainer". The lectures were presented before undergraduate students at the Californ ...
'' is a 1964
physics
Physics is the natural science that studies matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge which r ...
textbook
A textbook is a book containing a comprehensive compilation of content in a branch of study with the intention of explaining it. Textbooks are produced to meet the needs of educators, usually at educational institutions. Schoolbooks are textboo ...
by
Richard Feynman,
Robert B. Leighton
Robert Benjamin Leighton (; September 10, 1919 – March 9, 1997) was a prominent American experimental physicist who spent his professional career at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). His work over the years spanned solid s ...
and
Matthew Sands, based upon the lectures given by Feynman to
undergraduate students at the
California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1961–63. It includes lectures on
mathematics
Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented in modern mathematics ...
,
electromagnetism
In physics, electromagnetism is an interaction that occurs between particles with electric charge. It is the second-strongest of the four fundamental interactions, after the strong force, and it is the dominant force in the interactions of a ...
,
Newtonian physics,
quantum physics
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that provides a description of the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. It is the foundation of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, qua ...
, and even the relation of physics to other sciences. Six readily accessible chapters were later compiled into a book entitled ''Six Easy Pieces: Essentials of Physics Explained by Its Most Brilliant Teacher,'' and six more in ''Six Not So Easy Pieces: Einstein's Relativity, Symmetry and Space-Time.''
The first volume focuses on
mechanics
Mechanics (from Ancient Greek: μηχανική, ''mēkhanikḗ'', "of machines") is the area of mathematics and physics concerned with the relationships between force, matter, and motion among physical objects. Forces applied to objects r ...
,
radiation
In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes:
* ''electromagnetic radiation'', such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visi ...
, and
heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not ''contain'' heat. Nevertheless, the term is al ...
. The second volume is mainly on
electromagnetism
In physics, electromagnetism is an interaction that occurs between particles with electric charge. It is the second-strongest of the four fundamental interactions, after the strong force, and it is the dominant force in the interactions of a ...
and
matter
In classical physics and general chemistry, matter is any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume. All everyday objects that can be touched are ultimately composed of atoms, which are made up of interacting subatomic partic ...
. The third volume, on
quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that provides a description of the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. It is the foundation of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, ...
, shows, for example, how the
double-slit experiment
In modern physics, the double-slit experiment is a demonstration that light and matter can display characteristics of both classically defined waves and particles; moreover, it displays the fundamentally probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics ...
contains the essential features of quantum mechanics.
Large Hadron Collider
The
Large Hadron Collider
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider. It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) between 1998 and 2008 in collaboration with over 10,000 scientists and hundred ...
has created a niche in popular culture. From real
science
Science is a systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.
Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence for ...
, which includes the mystery of the
Higgs particle
The Higgs boson, sometimes called the Higgs particle, is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics produced by the quantum excitation of the Higgs field,
one of the fields in particle physics theory. In the Stand ...
, to justifications for the cost, and to a thwarted
cyber attack, the LHC has received a lot of press.
[
][
]
It has also been the inspiration for popular fictional works. See fictional sections below.
In fictional literature
''Angels & Demons''
The novel ''
Angels & Demons
''Angels & Demons'' is a 2000 bestselling mystery- thriller novel written by American author Dan Brown and published by Pocket Books and then by Corgi Books. The novel introduces the character Robert Langdon, who recurs as the protagonist of Bro ...
'', by
Dan Brown
Daniel Gerhard Brown (born June 22, 1964) is an American author best known for his Thriller (genre), thriller novels, including the Robert Langdon novels ''Angels & Demons'' (2000), ''The Da Vinci Code'' (2003), ''The Lost Symbol'' (2009), ''In ...
, involves
antimatter created at the LHC to be used in a
weapon
A weapon, arm or armament is any implement or device that can be used to deter, threaten, inflict physical damage, harm, or kill. Weapons are used to increase the efficacy and efficiency of activities such as hunting, crime, law enforcement, s ...
against the Vatican.
''Firstborn''
In the novel ''
Firstborn'', by
Arthur C. Clarke
Sir Arthur Charles Clarke (16 December 191719 March 2008) was an English science-fiction writer, science writer, futurist, inventor, undersea explorer, and television series host.
He co-wrote the screenplay for the 1968 film '' 2001: A Spac ...
. the alephtron is described as a particle accelerator wrapping around the lunar equator.
''Flashforward''
The novel ''
FlashForward
A flashforward (also spelled flash-forward, and more formally known as prolepsis) is a scene that temporarily takes the narrative forward in time from the current point of the story in literature, film, television and other media. Flashforwards a ...
'', by
Robert J. Sawyer, involves the search for the Higgs boson at the LHC. CERN published a "Science and Fiction" page interviewing Sawyer and physicists about the book and the
TV series
A television show – or simply TV show – is any content produced for viewing on a television set which can be broadcast via over-the-air, satellite, or cable, excluding breaking news, advertisements, or trailers that are typically placed betw ...
based on it.
''Timescape''
''
Timescape'' is a 1980
novel
A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, typically written in prose and published as a book. The present English word for a long work of prose fiction derives from the for "new", "news", or "short story of something new", itsel ...
by
Gregory Benford
Gregory Benford (born January 30, 1941) is an American science fiction author and astrophysicist who is professor emeritus at the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of California, Irvine. He is a contributing editor of ''Reason ...
(with unbilled co-author Hilary Foister). It won the 1980 Nebula and British Science Fiction Awards,
This novel involves using time travel to avert ecological disasters.
''Cosm''
In ''
Cosm'' by
Gregory Benford
Gregory Benford (born January 30, 1941) is an American science fiction author and astrophysicist who is professor emeritus at the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of California, Irvine. He is a contributing editor of ''Reason ...
, a
quark–gluon plasma is created in a
particle accelerator. It becomes a separate
universe
The universe is all of space and time and their contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy. The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological description of the development of the universe. Acc ...
which evolves from its big-bang to its end in a brief period.
''Black Hole''
By Angelo Paratico, published in Italy by Mursia in 2007. A group of physicists try to stop the LHC but fail and a micro black hole is formed. It gradually swallows our planet.
In feature films
''Ghostbusters'' and ''Ghostbusters 2''
The
Ghostbusters proton packs are also called particle throwers or unlicensed particle accelerators. Particle acceleration is used to lasso the ghosts for easy entrapment.
''Iron Man 2''
The
Iron Man 2 features a makeshift particle accelerator used by Tony Stark to create a new chemical element, more biologically inert than the palladium used in the arc reactor.
''Angels & Demons''
The
movie version of the book has footage filmed on-site at one of the experiments at the LHC; the director,
Ron Howard
Ronald William Howard (born March 1, 1954) is an American director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. He first came to prominence as a child actor, guest-starring in several television series, including an episode of ''The Twilight Zone''. He ...
, met with CERN experts in an effort to make the science in the story more accurate.
''Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines''
Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines features a particle accelerator that traps the metallic
T-X
The T-X (referred to as the Terminatrix in some appearances until other terminatrix (female terminators) appeared) is the name of a fictional cyborg assassin who appears in the ''Terminator'' franchise. The T-X model is a gynoid assassin and i ...
Terminatrix in its powerful electromagnetic field, buying time for the protagonists to get a head start in their escape.
In TV series
''FlashForward''
''
FlashForward
A flashforward (also spelled flash-forward, and more formally known as prolepsis) is a scene that temporarily takes the narrative forward in time from the current point of the story in literature, film, television and other media. Flashforwards a ...
'' was an American science-fiction television series which aired for one season on
ABC
ABC are the first three letters of the Latin script known as the alphabet.
ABC or abc may also refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Broadcasting
* American Broadcasting Company, a commercial U.S. TV broadcaster
** Disney–ABC Television ...
. It was loosely based on the 1999 novel ''
Flashforward
A flashforward (also spelled flash-forward, and more formally known as prolepsis) is a scene that temporarily takes the narrative forward in time from the current point of the story in literature, film, television and other media. Flashforwards a ...
'' by Canadian
science fiction
Science fiction (sometimes shortened to Sci-Fi or SF) is a genre of speculative fiction which typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel unive ...
writer
Robert J. Sawyer. It ran from September 24, 2009, through May 27, 2010.
The Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers
The Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers episode "Trouble at Texton" featured a particle accelerator on the moon Texton, operated by a
mad scientist
The mad scientist (also mad doctor or mad professor) is a stock character of a scientist who is perceived as " mad, bad and dangerous to know" or "insane" owing to a combination of unusual or unsettling personality traits and the unabashedly amb ...
determined to prove the existence of
parallel universes.
The Sparticle Mystery
A particle accelerator is the cause of the adults disappearing in the CBBC science fiction drama, ''
The Sparticle Mystery''.
Terra Nova
In ''
Terra Nova'' the rift in spacetime that allows time travel is a natural phenomenon discovered by scientists working at
Fermilab
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), located just outside Batavia, Illinois, near Chicago, is a United States Department of Energy national laboratory specializing in high-energy particle physics. Since 2007, Fermilab has been operat ...
. Hope Plaza, the facility holding the time portal has two large semicircles in its structure, presumably the accelerator itself.
The Flash (2014 TV series)
In the 2014 TV series ''
The Flash
The Flash (or simply Flash) is the name of several superheroes appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Created by writer Gardner Fox and artist Harry Lampert, the original Flash first appeared in ''Flash Comics'' #1 (cover date ...
'', a scientist by the name of
Harrison Wells (portrayed by
Tom Cavanagh
Thomas Cavanagh (born October 26, 1963) is a Canadian actor. He is known for a variety of roles on American television, including starring roles in '' Ed'' (2000–2004), ''Love Monkey'' (2006) and '' Trust Me'' (2009), and recurring roles on ...
) creates a particle accelerator in the year 2020, which is not successful and creates metahumans (humans with supernatural powers), including
Barry Allen / The Flash. However, in the year 2024, the Flash is forced to time travel as he sees that
the man in the yellow suit (the Flash's main villain) will travel as well to the year 2000, to kill the Flash as a child. The man in yellow (whose name is Eobard Thawne) fails to kill the younger Barry and angered, kills his mother; he later finds out that he can't go back to his time due to fighting the Flash. He finds Dr. Wells at a beach and sets a trap for him when Wells and his wife pass by Starling City, killing Wells' wife but with Dr. Wells still surviving. Thawne uses a device to steal Well's identity (which kills him as well) and quickly constructs the building of S.T.A.R. Labs (which Wells built way later in his time). He also builds the particle accelerator quickly as well (Wells built it in 2020) because he wants to confront the Flash sooner, gain his speed, and travel back to his time. The particle accelerator once again is a failure, creating metahumans all over again. In the episode "Grodd Lives", Thawne puts a device in the used-up particle accelerator, allowing him to go back to his time; however, he willingly allows himself to fight the Flash one more time.
Eureka (2006 TV series)
The most episodes of
Eureka contain a reference to the particle accelerator.
In video games
''Another World''
In the 1991 video game ''
Another World'', the intro shows the player working with a particle accelerator. His laboratory is struck by lightning during an experiment, and the particle accelerator malfunctions - teleporting him to an alien world.
''Satisfactory''
In the game ''
Satisfactory'', player gets access to the particle accelerator, which is used for special production purposes, such as plutonium production. It can also be used to produce so called "nuclear pasta" - a dense matter believed to exist naturally within neutron stars.
''Scribblenauts''
In the 2009 video game ''
Scribblenauts
''Scribblenauts'' is a series of action puzzle video games primarily developed by 5th Cell. The series is owned and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment. The first game in the series was titled '' Scribblenauts'' and was first rel ...
'', the
Large Hadron Collider
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider. It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) between 1998 and 2008 in collaboration with over 10,000 scientists and hundred ...
creates a
black hole
A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravitation, gravity is so strong that nothing, including light or other Electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic waves, has enough energy to escape it. The theory of general relativity predicts t ...
.
''Xenoblade Chronicles''
In both ''
Xenoblade Chronicles
is a series of action role-playing games developed by Monolith Soft and published by Nintendo. It is a part of the '' Xeno'' metaseries created by Tetsuya Takahashi, but was formed after Nintendo's acquisition of Monolith Soft in 2007. The se ...
'' and ''
Xenoblade Chronicles 2'', it is revealed to the player that the entire universe along with Earth was destroyed and recreated by Professor Klaus using a particle accelerator that orbits around the planet. This created two separate universes which the two games take place.
In table top and role playing games
''Tales from the Loop''
A huge underground particle accelerator known as the ''Loop'' is both a major plot point in, and a key element of the lore behind, this
2017 alternate history RPG table top game.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Particle Accelerators in Popular Culture
Particle accelerators
Science in popular culture