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''Parinari'' is a genus of
''Parinari'' is a genus of plant
Plants are the eukaryotes that form the Kingdom (biology), kingdom Plantae; they are predominantly Photosynthesis, photosynthetic. This means that they obtain their energy from sunlight, using chloroplasts derived from endosymbiosis with c ...
in the family Chrysobalanaceae
Chrysobalanaceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of trees and shrubs in 27 genera and about 700 species of pantropical distribution with a centre of diversity in the Amazon. Some of the species contain silica in their bodies for rig ...
.
Species of genus ''Parinari'' are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesia, New Guinea, northern Queensland, and the southwest Pacific; and in Central and South America from Costa Rica to Trinidad and southern Brazil. The oldest fossils of ''Parinari'' fruits are from the early Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ...
of Ethiopia, Panama, and Colombia.
The genus is closely related to '' Neocarya''.
''Parinari'' can be distinguished from other genera in Chrysobalanaceae by the following characteristics:
* zygomorphic
Floral symmetry describes whether, and how, a flower, in particular its perianth, can be divided into two or more identical or mirror-image parts.
Uncommonly, flowers may have no axis of symmetry at all, typically because their parts are spir ...
floral symmetry
* 6-10 unilaterally-attached stamens
The stamen (: stamina or stamens) is a part consisting of the male reproductive organs of a flower. Collectively, the stamens form the androecium., p. 10
Morphology and terminology
A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filamen ...
per flower
* ovary
The ovary () is a gonad in the female reproductive system that produces ova; when released, an ovum travels through the fallopian tube/ oviduct into the uterus. There is an ovary on the left and the right side of the body. The ovaries are end ...
at side or mouth of receptacle-tube
* leaf lower surface lanate and with hair-filled stomatal cavities and parallel secondaries closely spaced
* pair of glands on leaf petiole
Petiole may refer to:
*Petiole (botany), the stalk of a leaf, attaching the blade to the stem
*Petiole (insect anatomy)
In entomology, petiole is the technical term for the narrow waist of some hymenopteran insects, especially ants, bees, and ...
* large, woody fruits
Species
''The Plant List
The Plant List was a list of botanical names of species of plants created by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Missouri Botanical Garden and launched in 2010. It was intended to be a comprehensive record of all known names of plant specie ...
'' recognises 42 accepted species (including infraspecific names):
* ''Parinari alvimii
''Parinari'' is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.
Species of genus ''Parinari'' are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesi ...
''
* '' Parinari anamensis'' – Annamese burada
* '' Parinari argenteo-sericea''
* ''Parinari brasiliensis
''Parinari'' is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.
Species of genus ''Parinari'' are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesi ...
''
* '' Parinari campestris''
* '' Parinari canarioides''
* ''Parinari capensis
''Parinari capensis'', the sand apple, is a species of flowering plant in the family ''Chrysobalanaceae''. It is found in Botswana, DRC, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. It is tall. The leaves are elliptic with a white u ...
'' – Dwarf mobola plum
* ''Parinari cardiophylla
''Parinari'' is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.
Species of genus ''Parinari'' are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesi ...
''
* ''Parinari chocoensis
''Parinari'' is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.
Species of genus ''Parinari'' are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesi ...
''
* ''Parinari congensis
''Parinari'' is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.
Species of genus ''Parinari'' are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesi ...
''
* ''Parinari congolana
''Parinari'' is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.
Species of genus ''Parinari'' are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesi ...
''
* '' Parinari costata''
** subsp. ''polyneura''
** subsp. ''rubiginosa''
* ''Parinari curatellifolia
''Parinari curatellifolia'' (; ) is an evergreen tropical tree of Africa, found in various types of deciduous woodland most frequently in poorly drained areas and inland at moderate altitudes. It is also known as mmupudu (by Tswana-speaking Sout ...
'' – Mobola plum
* '' Parinari elmeri''
* ''Parinari excelsa
''Parinari excelsa'', the Guinea plum, is a species of large, evergreen tree in the family Chrysobalanaceae. It has a very wide distribution in tropical Africa and the Americas. This species grows to tall while the trunk is up to in diameter.
...
'' – Guinea plum
* ''Parinari gigantea
''Parinari'' is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.
Species of genus ''Parinari'' are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesi ...
''
* ''Parinari hypochrysea
''Parinari'' is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.
Species of genus ''Parinari'' are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesi ...
''
* ''Parinari insularum
''Parinari'' is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.
Species of genus ''Parinari'' are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesi ...
''
* '' Parinari klugii''
* '' Parinari leontopitheci''
* '' Parinari littoralis''
* '' Parinari maguirei''
* '' Parinari metallica''
* '' Parinari montana''
* '' Parinari nonda'' – Nonda plum
* '' Parinari oblongifolia''
* '' Parinari obtusifolia''
* '' Parinari occidentalis''
* '' Parinari pachyphylla''
* '' Parinari panamensis''
* '' Parinari papuana''
** subsp. ''salomonensis''
* '' Parinari parilis''
* '' Parinari parva''
* '' Parinari parvifolia''
* '' Parinari prancei''
* '' Parinari rigida''
* '' Parinari rodolphii''
* '' Parinari romeroi''
* '' Parinari sprucei''
* '' Parinari sumatrana''
References
Chrysobalanaceae genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Malpighiales-stub