''Parides'', commonly called cattlehearts, is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of swallowtail butterflies in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Papilionidae. They are found in the Americas (

Neotropical realm The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bi ...

Species

Listed alphabetically within groups according to Möhn ''et al.'', with annotations according to Wilts ''et al.'' (2014):''Parides''
funet.fi species group: ''ascanius'' (disputed:

basal Basal or basilar is a term meaning ''base'', ''bottom'', or ''minimum''. Science * Basal (anatomy), an anatomical term of location for features associated with the base of an organism or structure * Basal (medicine), a minimal level that is nec ...

/ plesiomorphic?) :*''

Parides agavus ''Parides agavus'', the Agavus Cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Brazil, Paraguay, and north Argentina. The red anal spot of the hindwing very large and z-shaped. The abbreviated white band of the ...

'' (Drury, 1782) :*''

Parides alopius ''Parides alopius'', the white-dotted cattleheart, is an endemic Mexican butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It has also strayed once into the United States in southeastern Arizona.Jim P. Brock and Kenn Kaufman (2003). ''Butterflies of North ...

'' (Godman & Salvin, 890 – white-dotted cattleheart :*''

Parides ascanius ''Parides ascanius'', the Fluminense swallowtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is endemic to Brazil where it is confined to the municipalities of Atafona (São João da Barra) and Itaguaí. Description ''Parides asca ...

'' (Cramer, 775 – Fluminense swallowtail :*''

Parides bunichus ''Parides bunichus'' is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay. The larva is brownish black, with an oblique white band, extending laterally from the 6th segment to the tubercle on th ...

'' (Hübner,

821 __NOTOC__ Year 821 ( DCCCXXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * Byzantine general Thomas the Slav leads a revolt, and secures control ...

:*''

Parides gundlachianus ''Parides gundlachianus'', the Cuban cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is an endemic species found only in Cuba. The name honours the Cuban naturalist Juan Gundlach. It is the brightest-coloured American swal ...

'' (C. & R. Felder, 1864) – Cuban cattleheart (''anchises'' group?) :*''

Parides montezuma ''Parides montezuma'', the Montezuma's cattleheart, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is native to the Americas. Description The upperside of the wings is black, without a band and with one row of red crescents along the hindwing ma ...

'' (Westwood, 1842) – Montezuma's cattleheart (possibly new ''panthonus'' group) :*''

Parides phalaecus ''Parides phaleucas'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It was described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1869. It is found in Ecuador and Peru. Description ''Parides phalaecus'' has a spatulate tail. The body is very hairy and ...

'' (Hewitson, 1869) :*''

Parides photinus ''Parides photinus'', the pink-spotted cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It was first described by Edward Doubleday in 1844. Description ''Parides photinus'' has a wingspan reaching . Adults are black with the h ...

'' (Doubleday, 1844) – pink-spotted cattleheart (basal in ''anchises'' group?) :*''

Parides proneus ''Parides proneus'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Brazil and Paraguay. Description Males and females:both wings with narrow white band, the red submarginal spots of the hindwing straight or slightly curved; ...

'' (Hübner, 831 species group: ''klagesi'' (''

incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...

'') :*'' Parides klagesi'' (Ehrmann, 1904) species group: ''chabrias'' :*'' Parides chabrias'' (Hewitson, 1852) :*''

Parides hahneli ''Parides hahneli'', the Hahnel's Amazonian swallowtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is endemic to Brazil in the states of Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Amazonas and Pará, where it was placed on the list of endangere ...

'' (Staudinger, 1882) – Hahnel's Amazonian swallowtail :*'' Parides mithras'' (Grose-Smith, 1902) :*''

Parides pizarro ''Parides pizarro'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia and Peru. Description Abdomen in the male quite black, in the female with a red spot before the apex on the underside. Forewing wi ...

'' (Staudinger, 1884) – formerly ''P. steinbachi'' (''ascanius'' group/incertae sedis?) :*'' Parides quadratus'' (Staudinger, 1890) :*'' Parides vercingetorix'' (Oberthür, 1888) – formerly ''P. coelus'' (''ascanius'' group/''incertae sedis''?) species group: ''aeneas'' :*''

Parides aeneas ''Parides aeneas'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm. The larva feeds on ''Aristolochia'' ''burchelli'' and ''A. barbata'' Subspecies *''P. a. aeneas'' Guianas, Surinam *''P. a. boliv ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) :*''

Parides aglaope ''Parides aglaope'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Brazil and Bolivia. Original description Male. Plate X figure 5.—The primary wings deep bluish black, with the summits clearer; a greyish blue oblique b ...

'' (Gray, 853 (''ascanius'' group/incertae sedis?) :*''

Parides burchellanus ''Parides burchellanus'' is a species of swallowtail butterfly (family Papilionidae). It is endemic to Brazil. Description ''Parides burchellanus'' is a large, velvet-black butterfly. The forewing is unmarked except for small, white marginal spo ...

'' (Westwood, 1872) (possibly new ''panthonus'' group) :*'' Parides echemon'' (Hübner, 813 :*''

Parides eurimedes ''Parides eurimedes'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is commonly known as the mylotes cattleheart, Arcas cattleheart, pink-checked cattleheart, and true cattleheart. It is native to the Americas. Subspecies In 2004, Ge ...

'' (Stoll,

782 __NOTOC__ Year 782 ( DCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. The denomination 782 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method i ...

– pink-checked cattleheart or mylotes cattleheart :*''

Parides lysander ''Parides lysander'', the Lysander cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm. The larvae feed on ''Aristolochia'' species including '' A. huberiana'', '' A. sprucei'', '' A. littoral ...

'' (Cramer, 775 – Lysander cattleheart (possibly basalmost living species of group) :*'' Parides neophilus'' (Geyer, 1837) – neophilus cattleheart :*''

Parides orellana ''Parides orellana'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm. (Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru, Brazil (Amazonas)). The larvae possibly feed on ''Aristolochia barbata''. Description from Sei ...

'' (Hewitson, 1852) (tentatively placed here) :*''

Parides panthonus ''Parides panthonus'', the panthonus cattleheart, is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Guianas and Suriname. Subspecies *''P. p. panthonus'' (Suriname, the Guianas) *''P. p. barbotini'' Brévignon, 1998 (eastern French ...

'' (Cramer, 780 – panthonus cattleheart (possibly new ''panthonus'' group) :*''

Parides tros ''Parides tros'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm where it is endemic to Brazil. The larva feeds on ''Aristolochia'' species including '' A. rumicifolia'', '' A. cynanchifolia'' (''P. t. ...

'' (Fabricius, 1793) :*''

Parides zacynthus ''Parides zacynthus'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm where it is endemic to Eastern Brazil. The larvae feed on ''Aristolochia'' species (including ''Aristolochia macroura'', ''Aristol ...

'' (Fabricius, 1793) species group: ''sesostris'' (sister to ''aeneas'' and/or ''anchises'' group/s?) :*''

Parides childrenae ''Parides childrenae'', the green-celled cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae.Jeffrey Glassberg (2007). ''A Swift Guide to the Butterflies of Mexico and Central America.'' Sunstreak Books Inc. It is found in southe ...

'' (Gray, 1832) – green-celled cattleheart :*''

Parides sesostris ''Parides sesostris'', the emerald-patched cattleheart or southern cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. Subspecies * ''Parides sesostris sesostris'' (Cramer, 1779) (Suriname to eastern Ecuador and south to northe ...

'' (Cramer, 779 – emerald-patched cattleheart species group: ''anchises'' :*''

Parides anchises ''Parides anchises'', the Anchises cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae native to the Americas. It is common and not threatened. The larvae feed on ''Aristolochia'' species including: ''Aristolochia brazilsis, A. bra ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – Anchises cattleheart :*''

Parides cutorina ''Parides cutorina '' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm (Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil: Pará and Amazonas). It is an uncommon local species which may be threatened. The larvae feed on ''Arist ...

'' (Staudinger, 1898) (''ascanius'' group/incertae sedis?) :*''

Parides erithalion ''Parides erithalion'', the variable cattleheart, is a North and South American butterfly in the family Papilionidae. The species was first described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1836.Glassberg, Jeffrey (2007). ''A Swift Guide to the Butterfli ...

'' (Boisduval, 1836) – variable cattleheart :*''

Parides iphidamas ''Parides iphidamas'', the Iphidamas cattleheart or Transandean cattleheart, is a species of Neotropical butterfly in the family Papilionidae. Subspecies * ''P. i. iphidamas'' (Fabricius, 1793) (southern Mexico to Panama) * ''P. i. ayabacensis'' ...

'' (Fabricius, 1793) – Transandean cattleheart :*''

Parides panares ''Parides panares'', the wedge-spotted cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae native to the Americas. The larvae feed on '' Aristolochia maxima'' and '' A. pilosa''. Subspecies * ''P. p. panares'' (Gray, 853 (southeast ...

'' (Gray, 853 – wedge-spotted cattleheart :*''

Parides phosphorus ''Parides phosphorus '' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm. The larvae feed on ''Aristolochia''. Subspecies *''P. p. phosphorus'' Guianas, eastern Venezuela, Brazil (Pará) *''P. p. gratia ...

'' (H.W. Bates, 1861) (''ascanius'' group/incertae sedis?) :*''

Parides vertumnus ''Parides vertumnus '' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm. The larvae feed on ''Aristolochia'' species including '' A. elegans'', '' A. odoratissima'' and '' A. acutifolia''. Subspecies *' ...

'' (Cramer, 779

References

*Gerardo Lamas (edited by) (2004). ''Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Checklist: Part4A. Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea''. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Gainesville, FL. *Jeffrey Glassberg (2007). ''A Swift Guide to the Butterflies of Mexico and Central America''. Sunstreak Books Inc. *Racheli, Tommaso an Olmisani. Luca 1998. A cladistic analysis of the genus ''Parides'' Hubner,

819 __NOTOC__ Year 819 (Roman numerals, DCCCXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Spring – Emperor Louis the Pious, Louis I marries Judith ...

based on androconial structures (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). ''Neue Ent. Nachr''. (Marktleuthen),41:119-13
pdf
*Edwin Möhn, 2006 ''Schmetterlinge der Erde'', Butterflies of the world Part XXVI (26), Papilionidae XIII. ''Parides''. Edited by Erich Bauer and Thomas Frankenbach Keltern: Goecke & Evers; Canterbury: Hillside Books. (Supplement 13 in English - by Racheli) *Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906). A revision of the American Papilios. ''Novitates Zoologicae'' 13: 411-752
online
(and as pdf) (Facsimile edition ed. P.H. Arnaud, 1967).

External links

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specimens.
Parides MNH
Papilionidae Papilionidae of South America Butterfly genera Taxa named by Jacob Hübner Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN {{papilionidae-stub