Paribal or Paribal Shallabugh (

Urdu Urdu (; , , ) is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. It is the Languages of Pakistan, national language and ''lingua franca'' of Pakistan. In India, it is an Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of Indi ...

: ) is a small notified

village A village is a human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Although villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban v ...

and

locality Locality may refer to: * Locality, a historical named location or place in Canada * Locality (association), an association of community regeneration organizations in England * Locality (linguistics) * Locality (settlement) * Suburbs and localitie ...

located between the

Shallabugh Shallabugh is a tourist village in Sherpathri, a block of Tullamulla tehsil of Central Kashmir's Ganderbal district in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Location Shallabugh village is considered Sherpathri's largest village ...

and Chundina Deh Nowabad villages in the Sherpathri block of Tehsil Tulmulla, in the

Ganderbal District The Ganderbal district, is an Indian-administered district in Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region.The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the ...

of the

Kashmir Valley The Kashmir Valley, also known as the Vale of Kashmir, is an intermontane valley in northern Jammu and Kashmir, a region in Indian-administered Kashmir.(a) (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcont ...

of the

Union Territory Among the states and union territories of India, a Union Territory (UT) is a region that is directly governed by the Government of India, central government of India, as opposed to the states, which have their own State governments of India, s ...

Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir may refer to: * Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), a region administered by India as a union territory since 2019 * Jammu and Kashmir (state), a region administered by India as a state from 1952 to 2019 * Jammu and Kashmir (prin ...

, India.

Etymology

The name ''Paribal'' generally refers to five villages: Laway Mohalla, Tull Mohalla, Ghat, Pethkundal, and Paribal. Locals from neighboring villages often collectively refer to all these villages as Paribal. These villages, are also officially documented as Shallabugh-C by government sources, and are the part of Shallabugh-A Panchayat Halqa. The name Paribal traces back to Kashmiri words ''Par'' (پَر) meaning

chisels A chisel is a hand tool with a characteristic Wedge, wedge-shaped cutting edge on the end of its blade. A chisel is useful for carving or cutting a hard material such as woodworking, wood, lapidary, stone, or metalworking, metal. Using a chi ...

and ''Bal'' (بل) meaning riverside, forming ''Par Bal'', which later became Paribal. This village was a key center for river trade. Boatmen used chisels to

anchor An anchor is a device, normally made of metal, used to secure a vessel to the bed of a body of water to prevent the craft from drifting due to wind or current. The word derives from Latin ', which itself comes from the Greek (). Anch ...

their boats along the

Sind River The Sind River or the Sindh River is a river in the Ganderbal district of the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is a major tributary of the Jhelum River and is long. Geography The Sind River forms the Sind Valley. The ...

, giving the village its name.

History

Paribal's history dates back to ancient times when it served as a crucial

trade route A trade route is a logistical network identified as a series of pathways and stoppages used for the commercial transport of cargo. The term can also be used to refer to trade over land or water. Allowing goods to reach distant markets, a singl ...

for the people of nearby villages in Sherpathri. Situated on the bank of the

, this route played a vital role in transporting goods during ancient times through the Sind River towards Shadipora town and further areas of

Srinagar Srinagar (; ) is a city in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region.The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the tertiary ...

and

Bandipora Bandipore () or Bandipora ( ; ) is the headquarters of district of Bandipore in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is located on the northern banks of Wullar Lake—the second-largest freshwater lake in Asia. From baramulla ...

districts via the

Jhelum River The Jhelum River is a major river in South Asia, flowing through India and Pakistan, and is the westernmost of the five major rivers of the Punjab region. It originates at Verinag and flows through the Indian-administered territory of Jammu ...

. Despite serving as the hub for trade, Paribal also served as the primary source of drinking water for dozens of villages in the Sherpathri belt of

Ganderbal district The Ganderbal district, is an Indian-administered district in Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region.The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the ...

. During ancient times, when water facilities were nonexistent, communities often relied on natural sources such as

river A river is a natural stream of fresh water that flows on land or inside Subterranean river, caves towards another body of water at a lower elevation, such as an ocean, lake, or another river. A river may run dry before reaching the end of ...

lake A lake is often a naturally occurring, relatively large and fixed body of water on or near the Earth's surface. It is localized in a basin or interconnected basins surrounded by dry land. Lakes lie completely on land and are separate from ...

s, and

well A well is an excavation or structure created on the earth by digging, driving, or drilling to access liquid resources, usually water. The oldest and most common kind of well is a water well, to access groundwater in underground aquifers. The ...

s for their water needs. Locals from nearby villages such as Hathbura, Pirpora, Hakeemgund, Chundina Deh Nowabad, and Gogjigund used to bring drinking water as well as water for other purposes from the Sind River at Paribal.

Geography

The village spans thousands of hectares of

forest A forest is an ecosystem characterized by a dense ecological community, community of trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, ...

containing millions of

willow Willows, also called sallows and osiers, of the genus ''Salix'', comprise around 350 species (plus numerous hybrids) of typically deciduous trees and shrubs, found primarily on moist soils in cold and temperate regions. Most species are known ...

trees, stretching across both sides of the river. This forest, known as the Sindh Forest Division (Harran/Shallabugh Range), consists of two ranges: Shallabugh I on one side of the riverbank and Shallabugh II on the other side. These forests play a crucial role in maintaining the

ecological Ecology () is the natural science of the relationships among living organisms and their environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels. Ecology overlaps with the closely re ...

balance of the area. Paribal village enjoys a pleasant

climate Climate is the long-term weather pattern in a region, typically averaged over 30 years. More rigorously, it is the mean and variability of meteorological variables over a time spanning from months to millions of years. Some of the meteoro ...

similar to other areas of Kashmir. The Sind River plays a crucial role in

irrigation Irrigation (also referred to as watering of plants) is the practice of applying controlled amounts of water to land to help grow crops, landscape plants, and lawns. Irrigation has been a key aspect of agriculture for over 5,000 years and has bee ...

and other fish-related

economic An economy is an area of the Production (economics), production, Distribution (economics), distribution and trade, as well as Consumption (economics), consumption of Goods (economics), goods and Service (economics), services. In general, it is ...

activities.

Demographics

The population of Paribal village totals 2,500. The primary language spoken by the people is Kashmiri, with

Hindi Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...

, and English also being prominent.

Economy

The majority of the people in this area depend on

agriculture Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...

, cultivating rice paddies in their fields to sustain their livelihoods. Nagpaav

The

and the Shallabugh Wetland are the primary sources of income for the local economy of the nearby villages. Many people are involved in

wickerwork Wicker is a method of weaving used to make products such as furniture and baskets, as well as a descriptor to classify such products. It is the oldest furniture making method known to history, dating as far back as . Wicker was first documented ...

, creating decorative items from locally grown

stems found on the

marsh In ecology, a marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous plants rather than by woody plants.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p More in genera ...

y lands along the banks of the Sind River and Shallabugh Wetland.

Infrastructure

Paribal village is well-connected by roads to

Ganderbal Ganderbal ( ; ) is a city and the headquarters of Ganderbal district in the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, in disputed Kashmir region. Ganderbal, renowned for its natural beauty and picturesque scenery, has popular ...

city, located just 8 km away. However, despite its proximity to

city it is located just 15 km from the Srinagar, it is not directly connected. The construction of the Paribal-Takanwari Bridge, inaugurated by

Chief Minister A chief minister is an elected or appointed head of government of – in most instances – a sub-national entity, for instance an administrative subdivision or federal constituent entity. Examples include a state (and sometimes a union ter ...

Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir ( J&K) is a region administered by India as a union territory and consists of the southern portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a Kashmir#Kashmir dispute, dispute between India and Pakistan sin ...

Shri.

Omar Abdullah Omar Abdullah (born 10 March 1970) is an Indian politician who is currently serving as the chief minister of union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. He had previously served as the chief minister of the state of Jammu and Kashmir between 2009 and ...

, in November 2024 is underway. This bridge will connect the villages of Sherpathri belt of

with

Srinagar district The Srinagar District is an administrative district of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and ...

Baramulla district Baramulla district (or Varmul, in Kashmiri) is one of the 20 districts in the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) in the disputed Kashmir region. The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of ...

, and

Bandipora district Bandipore district (also spelt as Bandipora or Bandipur) is an administrative district of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and a me ...

Landmarks and attractions

The Sindh Forest Division Shallabugh I and II, spanning across the Sind River, attract tourists for

camping Camping is a form of outdoor recreation or outdoor education involving overnight stays with a basic temporary shelter such as a tent. Camping can also include a recreational vehicle, sheltered cabins, a permanent tent, a shelter such as a Bivy bag ...

and

picnic A picnic is a meal taken outdoors (Al fresco dining, ''al fresco'') as part of an excursion, especially in scenic surroundings, such as a park, lakeside, or other place affording an interesting view, or else in conjunction with a public event su ...

s, as well as

fishing Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish. Fish are often caught as wildlife from the natural environment (Freshwater ecosystem, freshwater or Marine ecosystem, marine), but may also be caught from Fish stocking, stocked Body of water, ...

enthusiasts. The Ramsar-declared site, Shallabugh Wetland, can also be accessed via a pedestrian route through this village. The Paribal Playground, located on the Sind riverbank, is famous for organizing

football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kick (football), kicking a football (ball), ball to score a goal (sports), goal. Unqualified, football (word), the word ''football'' generally means the form of football t ...

tournaments every year, attracting thousands of players and spectators. The Pethkundal Playground, located on the other side of the Sind River, is ideal for playing

cricket Cricket is a Bat-and-ball games, bat-and-ball game played between two Sports team, teams of eleven players on a cricket field, field, at the centre of which is a cricket pitch, pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two Bail (cr ...

, enjoyed by the locals.

Religious places

*Jamia Masjid Paribal *Masjid Sharief Laway Mohalla *Masjid Shareef Sultan ul Arifeen (ra) Gulshanabad Ghat Jamia_Masjid_Paribal

Education institutes

*Government Primary School Paribal *Government Primary School Pethkundal *Government Primary School Laway Mohalla

References

{{reflist Villages in Ganderbal district