Papyrus 77
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Papyrus 77 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by 𝔓77, is a
papyrus Papyrus ( ) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing surface. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, ''Cyperus papyrus'', a wetland sedge. ''Papyrus'' (plural: ''papyri'' or ''papyruses'') can a ...
manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand or typewritten, as opposed to mechanically printed or reproduced in some indirect or automated way. More recently, the term has ...
of the
Gospel of Matthew The Gospel of Matthew is the first book of the New Testament of the Bible and one of the three synoptic Gospels. It tells the story of who the author believes is Israel's messiah (Christ (title), Christ), Jesus, resurrection of Jesus, his res ...
verses 23:30-39. It is written in
Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...
and has palaeographically been assigned a date anywhere from the middle 2nd century to the early 3rd century. According to Comfort, Papyrus 77 together with Papyrus 103 probably belong to the same codex.Philip W. Comfort, ''Encountering the Manuscripts. An Introduction to New Testament Paleography & Textual Criticism'', Nashville, Tennessee: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2005, p. 73. The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the
Alexandrian text-type In textual criticism of the New Testament, the Alexandrian text-type is one of the main text types. It is the text type favored by the majority of modern textual critics and it is the basis for most modern (after 1900) Bible translations. Over 5,8 ...
. Aland ascribed it as an “at least normal text”, and placed it in Category I. 𝔓77 has the closest affinity with
Codex Sinaiticus The Codex Sinaiticus (; Shelfmark: London, British Library, Add MS 43725), also called the Sinai Bible, is a fourth-century Christian manuscript of a Greek Bible, containing the majority of the Greek Old Testament, including the deuterocanonica ...
. It is currently housed at the
Sackler Library The Bodleian Art, Archaeology and Ancient World Library (‘Bodleian Art Library’ in its shortened form, formerly the Sackler Library) holds a large portion of the classical, art historical, and archaeological works belonging to the Universi ...
(P. Oxy. 2683) in
Oxford Oxford () is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city and non-metropolitan district in Oxfordshire, England, of which it is the county town. The city is home to the University of Oxford, the List of oldest universities in continuou ...
.


Textual Variants

* 23:30: Rearranges the words αυτων κοινωνοι (their partners) to κοινωνοι αυτων ('partners of them'). * 23:37: Has variant spelling ορνιξ for ορνις (hen). * 23:37: Originally omitted και from the text. Scribe added it later superlinearly between πτερυγας and ουκ. * 23:38: According to the transcription from the University of Münster Institute for New Testament Textual Research, the scribe omitted ερημος (desolate). According to the transcription of Philip Comfort and David Barrett however, the scribe included it.Philip Comfort and David Barrett, ''Text of the Earliest NT Greek Manuscripts'', pp. 611


See also

*
List of New Testament papyri A New Testament papyrus is a copy of a portion of the New Testament made on papyrus. To date, over 140 such papyri are known. In general, they are considered the earliest witnesses to the original text of the New Testament. This elite status amo ...
*
Matthew 23 Matthew 23 is the twenty-third chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible, and consists almost entirely of the accusations of Jesus against the Pharisees. The chapter is also known as the Woes of the Phar ...


References


Further reading

* L. Ingrams, P. Kingston, Peter Parsons, and John Rea, ''Oxyrhynchus Papyri'', XXXIV (London: 1968), pp. 4–6. *


Images


P.Oxy.LXVI 2683
from Papyrology at Oxford's "POxy: Oxyrhynchus Online"
Papyrus 77 recto

Papyrus 77 verso
{{DEFAULTSORT:Papyrus 0077 New Testament papyri 3rd-century biblical manuscripts Early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament Gospel of Matthew papyri Sackler library manuscripts