Papyrus 1

Papyrus 1 is an early papyrus manuscript of one chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in Greek. It is designated by the siglum in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and as ε 01 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it is dated to the early 3rd century. It was discovered in Oxyrhynchus, Egypt. It is currently housed at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (E 2746).

Description

The manuscript was likely a codex (precursor to the modern book format), of which a fragment of one leaf has survived. The text is written in one column per page, 27–29 lines per page, roughly sized by . K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, ''Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments'', (Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1994), p. 3. The original codex was arranged in two leaves in quire form.

The surviving text of Matthew are verses 1:1–9,12 and 13,14–20. The words are written continuously without separation. Accents and breathings are absent, except two breathings which are a smooth breathing on fifth letter () in line 14 of the verso and a rough breathing on the fourth letter to last letter () in line 14 of the recto.
The manuscript includes the ''nomina sacra'' (early abbreviations of names/titles considered sacred in Christianity), of which the following are witnessed:: ( / ''Jesus''), ( / ''Christ''), ( / ''son''), ( / ''Spirit''), ( / ''Lord'').

Text

The Greek text of this codex is considered to be a representative of the Alexandrian. Biblical scholar Kurt Aland placed it in Category I of his New Testament manuscript classification system.

According to scholars, has close agreement with Codex Vaticanus. It supports Vaticanus in 1:3 in reading (against ). Ten of the variants are in the spelling of names in the genealogy of Jesus Christ. Biblical scholar Herman C. Hoskier, who found 17–20 word variations (see below), denied close agreement with Vaticanus.

; Text according to Comfort
Recto
::::::α
: :1βιβλος γενεσεως δαυιδ []
: αβρααμ [1:2] αβρααμ ε̣γ̣εννησεν τον̣ [ισαακ]
: ισαακ δ̣ �ε̣γενν̣η̣σεν τ[ον] ιακω̣β̣ [ιακωβ]
: δε εγ ��̣ν̣ησεν̣ τ̣ον̣ ιου̣δαν κ̣ ��̣ τ̣ �υς: α̣ ��λφο̣υ̣ς αυτου :3ιουδα̣ς̣ δ̣ε εγεν̣ν̣η̣
: σ̣ε̣ν̣ τον φαρες και τον ζαρε εκ της θα̣
: μ̣αρ̣ φαρες δε εγεννησεν τον ε̣σρ̣ωμ
: εσ �ω�̣ δε εγ̣ε̣ννη̣σ̣ε̣ν τ̣ ��̣ α̣ρ̣α̣μ̣ :4α̣ �αμ: δε̣ ��̣ε̣ννησεν το̣ν̣ α̣μ̣μ̣ι̣ν̣α̣δ̣α̣β̣ α̣μ̣
: μ̣ ��̣α̣δ̣ �� δε εγεννησεν̣ τον ναασ̣σων
: ν̣αα ��ων δε εγενν �σ�̣ν τον σαλ̣ �ω�
: :5σαλμων δε εγενν ��̣εν τον βοες̣ �κ: της ραχαβ βοες δε ε̣γ̣ε̣ννησεν τον ι
: ωβηδ’εκ της ρ ��θ ιω̣ �ηδ δ� εγεννη̣
: σεν τον ιεσ̣σ̣α̣ι :6ιεσ̣σ̣ �ιδ̣ε ε̣γ̣ε̣ν̣νησεν
: τον δα̣υ̣ι̣δ̣ τ̣ον βα̣σιλ̣ε̣ � δαυ�̣δ̣ δ̣ε̣ εγ̣εν
: νησ̣εν τον σο̣λο̣μωνα̣ ε̣κ̣ τ̣η̣ς ουρειου. :7σο̣
: λομ̣ων δε εγενν̣ησ̣εν̣ τ̣ο̣ν̣ ��βοαμ ροβο
: α̣μ δε εγ̣ενν̣η̣σ̣εν̣ τ̣ ��̣ �βει� αβ̣ει̣α̣ δε
: εγεν̣ν̣ησεν �ο� ασα̣ � :8 �� ��̣ δε̣ ε̣γ̣ε̣ν
: νη̣σ̣ε̣ν̣ τον ιωσαφατ̣ ι̣ ��̣α̣φατ δ �ε̣γε̣ν
: ν ��̣ε̣ �το̣ν̣ ιωραμ ιωρ̣α̣μ̣ δε εγεν̣ �ησεν
: τονο̣ζε̣ ��̣ν :9οζει̣ας̣ δ̣ε εγ̣εν̣ �ησεν: lacuna :12lacuna �ε
: τοικεσιαν βαβυλωνος ιεχονι�ς εγ �ν
: νησενlacuna

Verso
:: :14 acunaβ

: �ον σ�̣δω � σ�δωκ̣ δε̣ ε̣γεννησεν το �
: αχειμαχ̣ειμ δε εγε ��ησεν τον ελιου �: :15 �λιου�̣ δ̣ε̣ εγ �ν�η̣ ��̣ �τον ελε̣α̣ζαρ ελε
: �ζ�̣ρ �ε εγ�νν̣ησεν �ο� μ̣α̣θ̣θα̣ν̣ μαθθα̣ �: δ̣ε ε̣γε̣ν̣νη̣ ��̣ν τον̣ ��κωβ :16ια̣κωβ δε
: �γ�ννησ̣εν̣ τ̣ον ιωσ̣η̣φ τον α̣νδρα μ̣ �: ρ̣ι̣ας̣ �� ης εγενν �θ�̣ ο λεγομενο � : :17π̣ασ̣α̣ι̣ ο̣υ̣ν̣ γ̣ε̣ �ε�̣ι̣ α̣πο αβρααμ εω̣ς̣
: δαυιδ γενεαι και̣ απο̣ ��̣ ��̣δ̣ ��̣ς̣ τ̣η̣ �: μετοικεσ̣ια̣ς βαβυλωνο̣ �γ̣ε �εαι κ̣α̣ �: α̣π̣ο της μετ̣ �ι�εσι̣ας βα̣β ��ων̣ �� εως
: του γ̣ενε̣α̣ι̣ [1:18του δε η γενε
: σις ουτως ην μ̣ν̣ηστ̣ε̣ ��εισης της μη
: τρος αυτου μ̣[αρι]α̣ �τω̣ [ιω]σηφ πριν η̆ συν
: ��̣θε̣ �� αυ �ο�̣ �ε̣υ̣ρε̣ �ηε̣ν γ̣αστρι εχου
: σα̣ ε̣ � αγιου :19 �ωσηφ δε οανη̣ρ̣ α̣υ̣
: τ̣η̣ς̣ �ι�̣α̣ι �ς ων και μη θελων αυτην: δ̣ειγμα̣ ��̣ �σαι εβουλη�̣η̣ �αθρα
: α�̣ο̣λυ �αια̣ ��̣ ��̣ :20 ��υ̣τ̣α̣ �ε αυτου εν
: θ�̣μ̣η �εντος ι�̣ο̣υ̣ α̣γ̣ �ελο�̣ ��̣ �
: ο�̣αρ �φανη αυ�ω̣ �εγωνι̣ω̣σ̣ ��
: υιος] δ̣ �υιδμ̣ �φο̣ �ηθη�̣ π̣α̣ρ̣ �λαβ�ι̅
: ��̣ρι̣α̣ν̣ �ηνγ̣υ̣ναι �α σουτ̣ο̣ �αρ εν αυ
: τη γεν�ηθ̣ε̣ν̣ ε̣ � �στινα̣ �ιου: :21–23lacuna
: με̣ �ερμηνευομενον μεθ ημων ο
; Disagreement with Vaticanus (according to Hoskier)

History

Papyrologists Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt discovered this papyrus at Oxyrhynchus in Egypt, on the third or fourth day of excavation, January 13 or 14, 1897. Their findings were published in the first volume of ''The Oxyrhynchus Papyri'' in 1898. The manuscript was examined by Francis Crawford Burkitt, Herman C. Hoskier, Comfort, and many other scholars.

Grenfell and Hunt collated its text against the Textus Receptus and against the text of Westcott-Hort. They found that the manuscript belongs to the same class as the Sinaiticus and Vaticanus codices, and has no Western or Byzantine proclivities. Usually it agrees with these two codices, where they are in agreement. Where they differ, the manuscript is near to Vaticanus, except in one important case ( / ''Now, the irthof Jesus Christ''), where it agrees with Sinaiticus. It was the earliest known manuscript of the New Testament until the discovery of Papyrus 45 (). Alexander Souter
''The Text and the Canon of the New Testament''
London 1913, s. 19

See also

* List of New Testament papyri
* Matthew 1
* Oxyrhynchus Papyri
* Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1
* Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 3
* Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 16

References

Further reading

*
* Karl Wessely, ''Les plus anciens monuments du Christianisme'' 'The Oldest Monuments of Christianity'' '' Patrologia Orientalis'' IV, 2, 1907, pp. 142–144.
* Ellwood M. Schofield, ''The Papyrus Fragments of the Greek New Testament'', Diss. Louisville 1936, pp. 86–91.
*

External links

Facsimiles (large files, high resolution images):
verso rectoNew Testament Transcripts

Digital image of P1
at CSNTM

{{DEFAULTSORT:Papyrus 0001
3rd-century biblical manuscripts
Papyri from ancient Egypt
New Testament papyri
002
University of Pennsylvania
Early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament
Gospel of Matthew papyri