''Papilionanthe'' (abbreviated ''Ple.'') is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of ...

s from the orchid family,

Orchidaceae Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering ...

. It is native to

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...

, southern China, and the

Indian Subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a physiographical region in Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas. Geopolitically, it includes the countries of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India ...

Species

*''

Papilionanthe biswasiana ''Papilionanthe biswasiana'' is a species of epiphytic orchid native to Laos, China, Myanmar, and Thailand. Is is closely related to ''Papilionanthe vandarum''. Description It is erect or pendulous, slender, long, wide, usually unbranched st ...

'' (Ghose & Mukerjee) Garay – Yunnan, Myanmar, Thailand *''

Papilionanthe greenii ''Papilionanthe greenii'' is a species of epiphytic orchid native to Bhutan. Ecology This species has been recorded growing in subtropical lowland moist forests on ''Magnolia champaca'' (syn. ''Michelia champaca''), '' Delonix regia'', ''Lagerst ...

'' (W.W.Sm.) Garay – Bhutan *''

Papilionanthe hookeriana ''Papilionanthe hookeriana'', also known as anggrek pensil in indonesian,SUDAH, DENDAM TAK"FLORA DANAU."/ref> or kinta weed, is a species of orchid native to the swamps of Borneo, Malaya, Sumatera, Thailand, and Vietnam. Description The pedunc ...

'' (Rchb.f.) Schltr. – Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra *''

Papilionanthe pedunculata ''Papilionanthe pedunculata'' is a species of epiphytic orchid native to Cambodia, and Vietnam. This species is a floristic component of the South Annamese endemism center, which is characterised by isolated, uplifted plateaux and high mountain s ...

'' (Kerr) Garay – Cambodia, Vietnam *''

Papilionanthe sillemiana ''Papilionanthe sillemiana'' is a species of epiphytic orchid endemic to Myanmar. Conservation This species is included in the CITES CITES (shorter name for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flo ...

'' (Rchb.f.) Garay – Myanmar *''

Papilionanthe cylindrica ''Papilionanthe cylindrica '' is a species of epiphytic orchid native to India, and Sri Lanka. This species has been recorded in intermediate zones with dry grasslands on hilltops and upper slopes of isolated hills. Flowering occurs from February ...

'' (Lindl.) Seidenf. - India, Sri Lanka *''

Papilionanthe teres ''Papilionanthe teres'', formerly ''Vanda teres'' and ''Ple. teres'' in the horticultural trade is an orchid species with many variations found in many parts of South-East Asia and is also found as north as Yunnan and in colder regions like the H ...

'' (Roxb.) Schltr. – Yunnan, Bangladesh, Assam, Bhutan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam; naturalized in Fiji and Caroline Islands *''

Papilionanthe tricuspidata ''Papilionanthe tricuspidata'' is a species of epiphytic orchid endemic to the Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. Its status remains an enigma and some individuals were identified as hybrids involving Papilionanthe teres. The species was described ...

'' (J.J.Sm.) Garay – Bali, Lombok, Timor *''

Papilionanthe uniflora ''Papilionanthe uniflora'' is a species of epiphytic orchid native to India, Myanmar, Bhutan and Nepal. Description This species of epiphytic herb grows on branches and tree trunks between 2000 and 2100 m a.s.l. It was found on Daphniphyll ...

'' (Lindl.) Garay – Himalayas, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam *''

Papilionanthe vandarum ''Papilionanthe vandarum'' is a species of epiphytic orchid native to India, China, Myanmar, and Nepal. Is is closely related to '' Papilionanthe biswasiana''. Description This species is adapted to drought and can grow in full sun. Flexible, l ...

'' (Rchb.f.) Garay – Himalayas, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, China

Formerly included taxa

*''Papilionanthe subulata'' (Willd.) Garay from Borneo, Cambodia, Malaya, Thailand is a synonym of ''

Thrixspermum filiforme ''Thrixspermum'', commonly known as hairseeds or 白点兰属 (bai dian lan shu), is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae. Orchids in this genus are epiphytes, lithophytes or terrestrial plants with flat, leathery leaves and sho ...

'' *''

Papilionanthe taiwaniana ''Papilionanthe'' (abbreviated ''Ple.'') is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, southern China, and the Indian Subcontinent. Species *'' Papilionanthe biswasiana'' (Ghose & Mukerjee) ...

'' (S.S.Ying) Ormerod was formerly included as a species of the genus, but has since been re-classified as a hybrid of ''

'' and ''

Luisia megasepala ''Luisia'', commonly known as velvet orchids or 钗子股属 (chai zi gu shu), is a genus of epiphytic or lithophytic orchids in family Orchidaceae. Plants in this genus have flattened roots, long leafy stems, narrow, thick, leathery leaves an ...

''. It has been transferred to the nothogenus ''× Papilisia'' as ''

× Papilisia taiwaniana ''× Papilisia taiwaniana'' is an artificial hybrid of the orchid species ''Papilionanthe teres'' and ''Luisia megasepala ''Luisia'', commonly known as velvet orchids or 钗子股属 (chai zi gu shu), is a genus of epiphytic or lithophytic o ...

'' (S.S.Ying) J.M.H.Shaw. ''Papilionanthe teres'' is not native to Taiwan, but has been introduced to the island. The other parent species ''Luisia megasepala'' is an endemic taiwanese species.

Hybrids

''Papilionanthe'' Miss Joaquim is a hybrid of ''

'' and ''

''. It is the national flower of

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...

. Hybrids of ''Papilionanthe'' with other genera are placed in the following nothogenera: lphabetical One-Table List of Genera and Intergeneric Hybrids https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/plant-registration-forms/list-of-orchid-genera-with-components.pdf Royal Horticultural Society, 2017. *''Papilionanda'' (''Pda.'') = ''Papilionanthe'' × ''

Vanda ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''× Papilisia'' = ''Papilionanthe'' × ''Luisia''

References

* Berg Pana, H. 2005. ''Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee''. Ulmer, Stuttgart * * Vandeae genera Orchids of Asia {{Vandeae-stub