Panna State was a kingdom and later princely state of

colonial India Colonial India was the part of the Indian subcontinent that was occupied by European colonial powers during and after the Age of Discovery. European power was exerted both by conquest and trade, especially in spice trade, spices. The search for ...

, located in modern Panna district of

Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh (; ; ) is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and the largest city is Indore, Indore. Other major cities includes Gwalior, Jabalpur, and Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, Sagar. Madhya Pradesh is the List of states and union te ...

. The state of Panna belonged to the

Bundelkhand Agency The Bundelkhand Agency was a political agency of the British Raj, managing the relations of the British government with the protected princely states of the Bundelkhand region. History Historical background The Marathas ceded parts of B ...

and covered an area of, 6724 km² with 1,008 villages within its borders in 1901. It took its name from the chief town in the area, Panna, which was the capital of the state.

History

A predecessor state was founded by one of the Raj Gond chiefs of the area around 1450. Almost three centuries later Panna was the capital chosen by a leader Chhatar Sal, the founder of Panna State, after leading a revolt against the

Mughal Empire The Mughal Empire was an Early modern period, early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus River Basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north, to ...

. He established an alliance with the

Maratha The Marathi people (; Marathi: , ''Marāṭhī lōk'') or Marathis (Marathi: मराठी, ''Marāṭhī'') are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who are native to Maharashtra in western India. They natively speak Marathi, an Indo-A ...

Peshwa The Peshwa was the second highest office in the Maratha Empire, next in rank and prestige only to that of the Chhatrapati. Initially serving as the appointed prime minister in the Maratha Kingdom, the office became hereditary when Shahu gave t ...

and made Panna his capital. After conquering Mahoba in 1680 Chhatar Sal extended his rule over most of

Bundelkhand Bundelkhand (, ) is a geographical and cultural region and a proposed state and also a mountain range in central and North India. It corresponds to the Post-Vedic Chedi kingdom. The hilly region is now divided between the states of Uttar Prad ...

. Upon his death in 1731, his kingdom was divided among his sons, with one-third of the kingdom going to his son-in-law, the Peshwa

Baji Rao I Bajirao I (né Visaji, ; 18 August 1700 – 28 April 1740) was the 7th Peshwa of the Maratha Empire. He was appointed Peshwa at the age of nineteen by Shahu I, following the death of his father, Balaji Vishwanath. He is credited with establi ...

. The Kingdom of Panna went to Harde Sah, the eldest son of Chhatar Sal. In the early 19th century, Panna became a princely state of

British India The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in South Asia. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one form or another ...

, and gained control of the states of Nagod and Sohawal. Raja Nirpat Singh assisted the British in the Revolt of 1857, and the British rewarded him with the title ''

Maharaja Maharaja (also spelled Maharajah or Maharaj; ; feminine: Maharani) is a royal title in Indian subcontinent, Indian subcontinent of Sanskrit origin. In modern India and Medieval India, medieval northern India, the title was equivalent to a pri ...

.'' Maharaja Madho Singh was deposed by the

Viceroy A viceroy () is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory. The term derives from the Latin prefix ''vice-'', meaning "in the place of" and the Anglo-Norman ''roy'' (Old Frenc ...

in April 1902, after a commission found him guilty of poisoning his uncle, Rao Raja Khuman Singh, the previous year. Maharaja Mahendra Yadvendra Singh acceded to the

Government of India The Government of India (ISO 15919, ISO: Bhārata Sarakāra, legally the Union Government or Union of India or the Central Government) is the national authority of the Republic of India, located in South Asia, consisting of States and union t ...

on 1 January 1950, and the kingdom became Panna District of the new Indian state of

Vindhya Pradesh Vindhya Pradesh was a former state of India. It was created in 1948 as Union of Baghelkhand and Bundelkhand States from the territories of the princely states in the eastern portion of the former Central India Agency. It was named as Vindhya P ...

. Vindhya Pradesh was merged into

on 1 November 1956.

Rulers

The rulers of the state were entitled to an 11-

gun salute A gun salute or cannon salute is the use of a piece of artillery to fire shots, often 21 in number (''21-gun salute''), with the aim of marking an honor or celebrating a joyful event. It is a tradition in many countries around the world. Histo ...

by the British authorities.

Rajas

*1675–1731: Raja Chhatrasal *1731–1739: Harde Sah (d. 1739) *1739–1752: Sabha Singh (d. 1752) *1752–1758: Aman Singh (d. 1758) *1758–1777: Hindupat Singh (d. 1777) *1777–1779: Anirudh Singh (d. 1779) *1779–1785: interregnum *1785–1798: Dhokal Singh *1798–1834: Kishor Singh (d. 1834) *1834–1849: Harbans Rai *1849–1869: Nirpat Singh (d. 1870)

Maharajas

*1869 – Jun 1870: Nirpat Singh (s.a.) * 9 Jun 1870 – 1893: Rudra Pratap Singh (b. 1848 – d. 1893) (from 1 Jan 1876,

Sir ''Sir'' is a formal honorific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exist in French only as part ...

Rudra Pratap Singh) *1893 – 9 Mar 1898: Lokpal Singh (d. 1898) * 9 Mar 1898 – 22 Apr 1902: Madho Singh (d. af.1925) * 20 Jun 1902 – 15 Aug 1947 Yadvendra Singh Ju Deo (b. 1893 – d. 1963)

Titular Maharajas

* 1947–1963: Yadvendra Singh Ju Deo * 1963–1971: Narendra Singh Judeo After abolition of all royal titles and privy purse in 1971. * 1971–1998: Narendra Singh Ju Deo * 1998–2009: Manvendra Singh Ju Deo * 2009–2023: Raghavendra Singh Ju Deo

References

External links

* * {{Princely states of India Princely states of Bundelkhand Panna district Rajput history

State State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...

1731 establishments in India 1950 disestablishments in India Gun salute princely states Princely states of Madhya Pradesh