Pangasius Polyuranodon

''Pangasius'' is a genus of medium-large to very large shark catfishes native to fresh water in South and Southeast Asia. The term "pangasius" is sometimes used to specifically refer to the commercially important basa fish, ''P. bocourti''.

Taxonomy

In 1993, ''Pangasius'' was one of two extant genera (along with ''Helicophagus'') in the family Pangasiidae. At this point, it was split into four subgenera. ''Pangasius'' (''Pangasianodon'') included '' P. gigas'' and '' P. hypophthalmus'' and was diagnosed by the absence of mandibular barbels, the absence of teeth in adults and the presence of a single-lobed swimbladder. ''Pangasius'' (''Pteropangasius'') included ''P. micronema'' and ''P. pleurotaenia'' and was diagnosed by four lobes in the swimbladder and with multiple segments in the last lobe. ''Pangasius'' (''Neopangasius'') included ''P. nieuwenhuisii'', ''P. humeralis'', ''P. lithostoma'', ''P. kinabatanganensis'', diagnosed by palatal teeth arranged in a single large patch and high vertebral counts. ''Pangasius'' (''Pangasius'') was the final subgenus and had no diagnostic features, containing the remaining species. These subgeneric classifications were confirmed in 2000 except for ''Neopangasius'', found to be polyphyletic and to be part of ''Pangasius'' (''Pangasius''), thus leaving three subgenera.

Since then, the subgenera have been variably recognized as separate. ''P. gigas'' and ''P. hypophthalmus'' have been classified in the genus '' Pangasianodon'', and ''P. micronemus'' and ''P. pleurotaenia'' in the genus '' Pseudolais'' (with ''Pteropangasius'' as a junior synonym).

In 2011, ''Pangasius'' was sixth in the National Fisheries Institute’s "Top 10" list of the most consumed seafood in the United States. The Top 10 is based on tonnage of fish sold. According to the NFI, this mild-flavored white-fleshed fish is farmed in Asia, and is being used increasingly in food service. It is finding its way onto restaurant menus and into stores, as well, where one may see it called basa, tra, or swai. They are either called Panga, Pangas or Pangasius, In Malaysia and Indonesia , Pangasius are called Ikan Patin , while Malaysian Chinese call Pangasius 巴丁鱼. Some species like Pangasius Nasutus , Pangasius Djambal and Pangasius Sanitwongsei are expensive food fish in Malaysia , Pangasius Sanitwongsei was also a common fish in aquarium trade and sport fishing.

Species

Currently, 22 recognized species are in this genus:

* '' Pangasius bocourti'' Sauvage, 1880 (basa fish)
* ''Pangasius conchophilus'' Roberts & Vidthayanon, 1991 (snail eating pangasius)
* ''Pangasius djambal'' Bleeker'' Pouyaud, Gustiano & Teugels, 2002 (elongated pangasius)
* ''Pangasius humeralis'' Roberts, 1989
* ''Pangasius kinabatanganensis'' Roberts & Vidthayanon, 1991 (kinabatang pangasius)
* ''Pangasius krempfi'' Fang & Chaux, 1949
* '' Pangasius kunyit'' Pouyaud, Teugels & Legendre, 1999
* '' Pangasius larnaudii'' Bocourt, 1866 (spot pangasius)
* ''Pangasius lithostoma'' Roberts, 1989
* '' Pangasius macronema'' Bleeker, 1851
* '' Pangasius mahakamensis'' Pouyaud, Gustiano & Teugels, 2002
* '' Pangasius mekongensis'' Gustiano, Teugels & Pouyaud, 2003 (mekong pangasius)
* ''Pangasius myanmar'' Roberts & Vidthayanon, 1991 (myanmar pangasius)
* ''Pangasius nasutus'' (Bleeker

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