The Panamuwa II inscription is a 9th-century BC
stele of
King Panamuwa II, from the Kingdom of Bit-Gabbari in
Sam'al. It currently occupies a prominent position in the
Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin
The Vorderasiatisches Museum (, '' Near East Museum'') is an archaeological museum in Berlin. It is in the basement of the south wing of the Pergamon Museum and has one of the world's largest collections of Southwest Asian art. 14 halls distri ...
.
The 23 line inscription was discovered in 1888 during the 1888-1902
German Oriental Society expeditions led by
Felix von Luschan and
Robert Koldewey
Robert Johann Koldewey (10 September 1855 – 4 February 1925) was a German archaeologist, famous for his in-depth excavation of the ancient city of Babylon in modern-day Iraq. He was born in Blankenburg am Harz in Germany, the duchy of Brunswick ...
.
Similar to the
Hadad Statue, the inscription is on the base of a pillar-shaped statue. It was written by Panamuwa II's son Bar Rakib in the
Samalian language, considered to be on a dialect continuum between Phoenician and Aramaic. The inscription mentions
Tiglath-Pileser III
Tiglath-Pileser III (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: , meaning "my trust belongs to the son of Ešarra"), was the king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 745 BC to his death in 727. One of the most prominent and historically significant Assyrian kings, Ti ...
.
Text
The text of the inscription below is presented in George Albert Cooke's 1903 "Text-book of North-Semitic Inscriptions: Moabite, Hebrew, Phoenician, Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Jewish".
[Cooke, George Albert. A Text-Book of North-Semitic Inscriptions: Moabite, Hebrew, Phoenician, Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Jewish. Clarendon Press, 1903, pp. 171-173.]
References
{{Reflist
Bibliography
* Halévy, J., "Procès-verbal de la séance générale du 26 juin 1891." JA ser. 8, vol. 18 (1891): 5–9.
* Sachau, E., "Zur historischen Geographie von Nordsyrien." SPAW 21 (1892): 313–38
* Belger, C., "Sendschirli II." Berliner philologische Wochenschrift 13 (1893): 355–56, 385-88
* Derenbourg, H., "Pînamou, fils de Karîl." REJ 26 (1893): 135–38
* Halévy, J., "Deux inscriptions sémitiques de Zindjîrlî." RevSém 1 (1893): 77–90
* Luschan, F. von, "Fünf Bildwerke aus Gerdschin." Pp. In Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, I. , Berlin: W. Spemann, 1893
* Müller, D.H., "Die altsemitischen Inschriften von Sendschirli." WZKM 7 (1893): 33–70, 113-40
* Šanda, A., "Zur Panammu-Inschrift Zeile 16." BZ 2 (1904): 369. Pan
9th-century BC steles
1888 archaeological discoveries
Ancient Near East steles
Aramaic inscriptions
KAI inscriptions