''Pamphobeteus'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

tarantulas Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the Family (biology), family Theraphosidae. , 1,100 species have been identified, with 166 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Therap ...

that was first described by

Reginald Innes Pocock Reginald Innes Pocock, (4 March 1863 – 9 August 1947) was a British zoologist. Pocock was born in Clifton, Bristol, the fourth son of Rev. Nicholas Pocock and Edith Prichard. He began showing interest in natural history at St. Edward's ...

in 1901. It includes some of the largest spiders in the world. They are found in

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...

, including the countries of

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...

Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...

Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...

Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...

and

Panama Panama, officially the Republic of Panama, is a country in Latin America at the southern end of Central America, bordering South America. It is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and ...

Description

The males of the ''Pamphobeteus''

have a spoon shaped or thin

embolus An embolus (; : emboli; from the Greek ἔμβολος "wedge", "plug") is an unattached mass that travels through the circulatory system, bloodstream and is capable of creating blockages. When an embolus Vascular occlusion, occludes a blood vess ...

in the

palpal bulb The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often descr ...

with elongate retrolateral superior and apical keels. They also possess a tibial apophysis with two branches on the first pair of legs, the metatarsus of which closes between the two branches. Females can be distinguished from most

genera Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ...

(except ''

Xenesthis ''Xenesthis'' is a genus of Theraphosidae, tarantulas that was first described by Eugène Simon, Eugène Louis Simon in 1891. it contains five species, found in Colombia and Venezuela, though it was previously considered to be found in Panama. ...

'' and ''

Longilyra ''Longilyra'' is a genus of spiders in the family Theraphosidae. It was first described in 2014 by Gabriel. , it contains only one species, ''Longilyra johnlonghorni'', found in El Salvador. This genus differs from the others as it has stridulat ...

'') by the large fused base of the spermathecae and short receptacles, and differs from those two genera by the presence of only ventral metatarsal scopulae on leg IV, and absence of lyriform stridulatory setae respectively.

Species

it contains eighteen species, endemic to northwestern South America and

: *''

Pamphobeteus antinous ''Pamphobeteus antinous'', also known as the Bolivian blue leg bird eater or steely blue leg, was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1903. It is found in the Rainforest, rainforests of Bolivia and Peru, and is considered to be one of th ...

'' Pocock, 1903 –

*'' Pamphobeteus augusti'' (

Simon Simon may refer to: People * Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon * Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon * Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...

, 1889) –

*'' Pamphobeteus crassifemur'' Bertani, Fukushima & Silva, 2008 –

*'' Pamphobeteus ferox'' (Ausserer, 1875) –

*'' Pamphobeteus fortis'' (Ausserer, 1875) – Colombia *'' Pamphobeteus grandis'' Bertani, Fukushima & Silva, 2008 – Brazil *'' Pamphobeteus insignis'' Pocock, 1903 – Colombia *'' Pamphobeteus lapola'' Sherwood, Gabriel, Brescovit & Lucas, 2022 – Colombia *'' Pamphobeteus nellieblyae'' Sherwood, Gabriel, Brescovit & Lucas, 2022 – Ecuador *'' Pamphobeteus nigricolor'' (Ausserer, 1875) (

type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * ...

) – Colombia and Brazil *'' Pamphobeteus ornatus'' Pocock, 1903 – Panama and Colombia *''

Pamphobeteus petersi ''Pamphobeteus'' is a genus of Theraphosidae, tarantulas that was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1901. It includes some of the largest spiders in the world. They are found in South America, including the countries of Peru, Bolivia, ...

Schmidt Schmidt may refer to: * Schmidt (surname), including list of people and fictional characters with the surname * Schmidt (singer) (born 1990), German pop and jazz singer * Schmidt (lunar crater), a small lunar impact crater * Schmidt (Martian c ...

, 2002 – Ecuador and Peru *'' Pamphobeteus sucreorum'' Gabriel & Sherwood, 2022 - Panama *'' Pamphobeteus ultramarinus'' Schmidt, 1995 – Ecuador *'' Pamphobeteus urvinae'' Sherwood, Gabriel, Brescovit & Lucas, 2022 – Ecuador *'' Pamphobeteus verdolaga'' Cifuentes, Perafán & Estrada-Gomez, 2016 – Colombia *'' Pamphobeteus vespertinus'' (Simon, 1889) – Ecuador *'' Pamphobeteus zaruma'' Sherwood, Gabriel, Brescovit & Lucas, 2022 – Ecuador Formerly included: * ''Pamphobeteus anomalus'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Proshapalopus amazonicus'' * ''Pamphobeteus benedeni'' (Bertkau, 1880) → '' Lasiodora benedeni'' * ''Pamphobeteus cephalopheus'' Piza, 1944 → ''

Vitalius vellutinus ''Vitalius'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by S. Lucas, P. I. da Silva Jr. & Rogério Bertani in 1993. Diagnosis They can be distinguished from other tarantulas by the lack of stridulating hairs on the prolate ...

'' * ''Pamphobeteus communis'' Piza, 1939 → ''

Vitalius dubius ''Vitalius'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by S. Lucas, P. I. da Silva Jr. & Rogério Bertani in 1993. Diagnosis They can be distinguished from other tarantulas by the lack of stridulating hairs on the prolate ...

'' *''Pamphobeteus holophaeus Mello-Leitão, 1923 →

Eupalaestrus spinosissimus ''Eupalaestrus'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1901. Species it contains six species, found in Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil: *''Eupalaestrus campestratus'' (Simon, 1891) ...

'' *''Pamphobeteus insularis'' Mello-Leitão, 1923''→

Vitalius wacketi ''Vitalius'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by S. Lucas, P. I. da Silva Jr. & Rogério Bertani in 1993. Diagnosis They can be distinguished from other tarantulas by the lack of stridulating hairs on the prolate ...

'' *''Pamphobeteus litoralis'' Piza, 1976→ ''

'' *''Pamphobeteus masculus'' Piza, 1939 → ''

'' *''Pamphobeteus melanocephalus'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius sorocabae'' *''Pamphobeteus mus'' Piza, 1944 → ''

'' *''Pamphobeteus piracicabensis'' Piza, 1933 → ''

'' *''Pamphobeteus platyomma'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius platyomma'' (

Nomen dubium In binomial nomenclature, a ''nomen dubium'' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural ''nomina dubia'') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application. Zoology In case of a ''nomen dubium,'' it may be impossible to determine whether a ...

) *''Pamphobeteus rondoniensis'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius rondoniensis'' (

) *''Pamphobeteus roseus'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius roseus'' *''Pamphobeteus sorocabae'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius sorocabae'' *''Pamphobeteus striatus'' Schmidt & Antonelli, 1996 → '' Lasiodorides striatus'' *''Pamphobeteus tetracanthus'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius tetracanthus'' (

) *''Pamphobeteus urbanicolus'' Soares, 1941 → ''

'' *''Pamphobeteus ypiranguensis'' Soares, 1941 → ''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q953576 Theraphosidae genera Spiders of South America Taxa named by R. I. Pocock Theraphosidae

Description

Species

See also

References