Palanpur State was a princely state of India during the

British Raj The British Raj ( ; from Hindustani language, Hindustani , 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the colonial rule of the British The Crown, Crown on the Indian subcontinent, * * lasting from 1858 to 1947. * * It is also called Crown rule ...

. It was a

Salute state A salute is usually a formal hand gesture or other action used to display respect in military situations. Salutes are primarily associated with the military and law enforcement, but many civilian organizations, such as Girl Guides, Scouting ...

with the Nawab of Palanpur having a hereditary salute of 13-guns. It was the main state of the Palanpur Agency. Palanpur State became a

British protectorate British protectorates were protectorates under the jurisdiction of the British government. Many territories which became British protectorates already had local rulers with whom the Crown negotiated through treaty, acknowledging their status wh ...

in 1809/17; its capital was the city of

Palanpur Palanpur (Gujarati language, Gujarati: ) is a city and a headquarters of Banaskantha district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Palanpur is the ancestral home to an industry of Indian diamond merchants. Etymology Palanpur in early times is said ...

Geography

The state encompassed an area of and had a population of 222,627 in 1901. The town of Palanpur housed a population of only 17,800 people that year. The state commanded a revenue of approximately £50,000 per year. Palanpur State was traversed by the main line of the Rajputana-Malwa Railway, and contained the British cantonment of Deesa. Wheat, rice and sugar-cane were the chief products. Watered by the

Saraswati river The Sarasvati River () is a deified mythological river first mentioned in the Rigveda and later in Vedic and post-Vedic texts. It played an important role in the Vedic religion, appearing in all but the fourth book of the Rigveda. As a phys ...

, the state was heavily forested in its northern end (the present-day Jessore Sanctuary) but undulating and open in the south and east. The country was on the whole somewhat hilly, being at the edge of the

Aravalli Range The Aravalli Range (also spelled ''Aravali'') is a mountain range in North India, Northern-Western India, running approximately in a south-west direction, starting near Delhi, passing through southern Haryana and Rajasthan, and ending in Ahme ...

. In 1940 Palanpur State had a population of 315,855.

History

According to tradition Palanpur state was founded in 1370 and was ruled by the Bihari Pathan tribe Lohani (Hetani, Bihari Pathan) of Jhalori dynasty. 'While the earlier history of the family is who established themselves in Bihar during the twelfth century and ruled there as Sultans, so some of from this family also known as a Bihari(Vihari). Malik Khurram Khan Vihari (Bihari), the founder of the Palanpur house, left

Bihar Bihar ( ) is a states and union territories of India, state in Eastern India. It is the list of states and union territories of India by population, second largest state by population, the List of states and union territories of India by are ...

and entered the service of Vishaldev of

Mandore Mandore is a suburb and historical town located 9 km north of Jodhpur city in the Jodhpur district of the north-western Indian state of Rajasthan. History Mandore is an ancient town, and was the seat of the Gurjar Pratiharas of Mandavy ...

during the late fourteenth century. Appointed Governor of Songad or Jhalor, he took control of that place in the confusion that followed the death of the Mandore ruler'; a forebear of the family is reputed to have wed the foster-sister of the

Mughal emperor The emperors of the Mughal Empire, who were all members of the Timurid dynasty (House of Babur), ruled the empire from its inception on 21 April 1526 to its dissolution on 21 September 1857. They were supreme monarchs of the Mughal Empire in ...

Akbar Akbar (Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar, – ), popularly known as Akbar the Great, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expa ...

and received Palanpur and surrounding areas as dowry. However, the family comes into historical prominence during the period of instability that followed the demise of

Aurangzeb Alamgir I (Muhi al-Din Muhammad; 3 November 1618 – 3 March 1707), commonly known by the title Aurangzeb, also called Aurangzeb the Conqueror, was the sixth Mughal emperors, Mughal emperor, reigning from 1658 until his death in 1707, becomi ...

in the early 18th century. It was overrun soon afterwards by the

Maratha The Marathi people (; Marathi: , ''Marāṭhī lōk'') or Marathis (Marathi: मराठी, ''Marāṭhī'') are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group who are native to Maharashtra in western India. They natively speak Marathi, an Indo-A ...

s; the Lohanis followed the trend of seeking recourse in the

British East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company that was founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to Indian Ocean trade, trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (South A ...

against them and finally entered the

subsidiary alliance A subsidiary alliance, in South Asian history, was a tributary alliance between an Indian state and a European East India Company. Under this system, an Indian ruler who formed an agreement with the company in question would be provided wit ...

system in 1817, along with all other neighbouring states, becoming a

. Palanpur State was dissolved in 1949.

Rulers

The rulers of Palanpur State belonged to the Lohani tribe (Hetani, Bihari Pathan) of Jalori dynasty.States before 1947 K-W
/ref> All rulers used the title of Diwan except the last two rulers who used the title of

Nawab Nawab is a royal title indicating a ruler, often of a South Asian state, in many ways comparable to the Western title of Prince. The relationship of a Nawab to the Emperor of India has been compared to that of the Kingdom of Saxony, Kings of ...

Diwans

* 1688 - 1704 Firuz Kamal Khan (2nd time) * 1704 - 1708 Kamal Khan (b. 16... - d. 1708) * 1708 - 1719 Firuz Khan II (b. ... - d. 1719) * 1719 - 1732 Karim Dad Khan (b. ... - d. 1732) * 1732 - 1743 Pahar Khan II (b. ... - d. 1743) * 1743 - 1768 Bahadur Khan (b. ... - d. 1768) * 1768 - 1781 Salim Khan I (b. ... - d. 1781) * 1781 - 1788 Shir Khan (b. ... - d. 1788) * 1788 - 1793 Mubariz Khan II * 1793 - 1794 Shamshir Khan * 1794 - 1812 Firuz Khan III (b. 17... - d. 1812) * 1812 - 1813 Fateh Mohammad Khan (1st time) (b. 1799 - d. 1854) * 1813 - 22 Dec 1813 Shamshir Mohammad Khan (b. ... - d. 1834) (then regent for successor to 10 Oct 1817) *22 Dec 1813 – 11 Jul 1854 Fateh Mohammad Khan (2nd time) (s.a.) *11 Jul 1854 – 28 Aug 1878 Zorawar Khan (b. 1822 - d. 1878) *28 Aug 1878 - 1910 Zobdat al-Molk Shir Mohammad Khan (b. 1852 - d. 1918)

Nawab Sahibs

*1910 - 28 Sep 1918 Zobdat al-Molk Shir Mohammad Khan (s.a.) *28 Sep 1918 – 15 Aug 1947 Zobdat al-Molk Taley Mohammad Khan (b. 1883 - d. 1957)

References

External links

*
Heraldry of the princely states of Gujarat
{{Princely states of the Western India States Agency Princely states of Gujarat Pashtun dynasties Banaskantha district Bombay Presidency 14th-century establishments in India 1370s establishments in Asia 1948 disestablishments in India Gun salute princely states