The PS-2000 (ПС-2000, , ''reconfigurable system'') was a

Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

supercomputer A supercomputer is a type of computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) instead of million instruc ...

built in the 1980s. PS-2000 plan 3 vues

History

In the middle of the 1970s, it appeared, in the

USSR The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

, that the computing power available to process

geophysics Geophysics () is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and Physical property, properties of Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis. Geophysicists conduct i ...

data, real-time

space probe Uncrewed spacecraft or robotic spacecraft are spacecraft without people on board. Uncrewed spacecraft may have varying levels of autonomy from human input, such as remote control, or remote guidance. They may also be autonomous, in which th ...

s data, mineral

prospecting Prospecting is the first stage of the geological analysis (followed by Mining engineering#Pre-mining, exploration) of a territory. It is the search for minerals, fossils, precious metals, or mineral specimens. It is also known as fossicking. ...

, weather forecast, etc. was far to be sufficient, and that a new class of

s, hundreds of times more powerful than the existing installed systems, was needed.Многопроцессорная вычислительная система ПС-2000
Russian virtual computer museum
/ref> The development of ПС-2000 began in 1978, as a joint project between the Institute of Control Problems (IPU) in

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

and the Impul's Scientific Production Association in

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, under the supervision of Il’ya Itenberg and Vladislav Rezanov of Impul's and Iveri Prangishvili of IPU. The computer entered production in 1981, and was manufactured in various configurations until 1988.Soviet high-speed computers : the new generation
/ref> During the 1980s and the 1990s, the

Roscosmos The State Corporation for Space Activities "Roscosmos", commonly known simply as Roscosmos (), is a State corporation (Russia), state corporation of the Russian Federation responsible for space science, space flights, List of space agencies, c ...

mission control computing complex was organized around an Elbrus 2 supercomputer, with a PS-2000 as a front-processing supercomputer for

telemetry Telemetry is the in situ collection of measurements or other data at remote points and their automatic transmission to receiving equipment (telecommunication) for monitoring. The word is derived from the Greek roots ''tele'', 'far off', an ...

data.

Architecture

The PS-2000 is a

SIMD Single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) is a type of parallel computer, parallel processing in Flynn's taxonomy. SIMD describes computers with multiple processing elements that perform the same operation on multiple data points simultaneousl ...

-type supercomputer. It consists of 8 to 64

processing element This glossary of computer hardware terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts related to computer hardware, i.e. the physical and structural components of computers, architectural issues, and peripheral devices. A ...

(PE), cadenced at 3 MHz, that are connected to each other, under the control of a common command unit (OUU), and connected each to 12 or 48 KB of memory.Advanced Architecture Computers 1989
/ref> Eight processing elements are grouped in a processing device (UO). Each PE use 24-bit registers, in

fixed Fixed may refer to: * ''Fixed'' (EP), EP by Nine Inch Nails * ''Fixed'' (film), an upcoming animated film directed by Genndy Tartakovsky * Fixed (typeface), a collection of monospace bitmap fonts that is distributed with the X Window System * Fi ...

floating-point In computing, floating-point arithmetic (FP) is arithmetic on subsets of real numbers formed by a ''significand'' (a Sign (mathematics), signed sequence of a fixed number of digits in some Radix, base) multiplied by an integer power of that ba ...

format. An addition takes 0.96

μs A microsecond is a unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one millionth (0.000001 or 10−6 or ) of a second. Its symbol is μs, sometimes simplified to us when Unicode is not available. A microsecond is to one second, ...

and a multiplication takes 1.6 μs, allowing theoretic peak performances of 200 MIPS for a full configuration system. The computer is formed from 3 cabinets types: * Base module : one UO and one OUU * Extension module 1 : one UO (8 PE) * Extension module 2 : two UO (16 PE) In the simplest configuration, the supercomputer consists of only one cabinet. In the full configuration, with 8 UO, the supercomputer consists of 5 cabinets, organised in a double-Y shape.

References

External links

Russian virtual computer museum

Soviet high-speed computers : the new generation

Advanced Architecture Computers 1989
{{Mainframes Soviet computer systems Supercomputers