The Type 09 (PLA military designation: PGZ09 – ;

pinyin Hanyu Pinyin (), often shortened to just pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Mandarin Chinese in China, and to some extent, in Singapore and Malaysia. It is often used to teach Mandarin, normally written in Chinese fo ...

: ''09 shì zì xíng gāoshèpào'', "Type 09 self-propelled anti-aircraft artillery") is a Chinese self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicle manufactured by

Norinco China North Industries Group Corporation Limited, doing business internationally as Norinco Group (North Industries Corporation), and known within China as China Ordnance Industries Group Corporation Limited (), is a Chinese state-owned defense ...

. It is armed with two 35 millimeter cannons and optionally two to four

fire-and-forget Fire-and-forget is a type of missile guidance which does not require further external intervention after launch such as illumination of the target or wire guidance, and can hit its target without the launcher being in line-of-sight of the targ ...

infrared homing Infrared homing is a passive weapon guidance system which uses the infrared (IR) light emission from a target to track and follow it seamlessly. Missiles which use infrared seeking are often referred to as "heat-seekers" since infrared is ra ...

missiles. It started to gradually replace the predecessor Type 95 in 2009. Some military analysts designated the vehicle as Type 07, but the official designation was confirmed as Type 09 on the Theme Exhibition of the 90th Anniversary of Chinese

People's Liberation Army The People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the principal military force of the People's Republic of China and the armed wing of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The PLA consists of five service branches: the Ground Force, Navy, Air Force, ...

in 2017.

History

In 1987, China imported the Oerlikon GDF-002 with manufacture licenses, which was designated as Type 90 twin 35 mm anti-aircraft gun systems in China. Type 90 is mainly designed to engage low-flying target such as

Close air support In military tactics, close air support (CAS) is defined as air action such as air strikes by fixed or rotary-winged aircraft against hostile targets near friendly forces and require detailed integration of each air mission with fire and movemen ...

aircraft, helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and cruise missiles. Type 09 is the self-propelled version of Type 90.

Design

Type 09 utilizes a tracked chassis similar to

PLZ-05 The PLZ-05 or the Type 05 is a 155 mm self-propelled howitzer developed by the People's Liberation Army of China to replace the Type 59-1 130 mm towed gun and Type 83 152 mm self-propelled gun. The PLZ-05 was officially unveiled at ...

,which is powered by an 8V150 diesel engine with 800 hp. The chassis features six roadwheels with combined torsion bar and

hydropneumatic suspension Hydropneumatic suspension is a type of motor vehicle suspension system, designed by Paul Magès, invented by Citroën, and fitted to Citroën cars, as well as being used under licence by other car manufacturers, notably Rolls-Royce ( Silver Shad ...

system and CH700 manual transmission. The tracked design and 800hp engine allows for a road speed of up to 55 km/h. The turret is made of welded steel armor that protects the crew from small arms fire and shell splinters. Over the frontal arc the armor is rated to withstand 14.5mm heavy machine gun round. The main armaments are PG-99 (Type 90) twin-barrel anti-aircraft guns. The twin-barrel artillery has a cyclic rate of 1100 rounds per minute. The vehicle can choose from five types of ammunition before engagement, including HEI (High Explosive Incendiary) with tracer variant, SAPHEI (Semi-armor-piercing high-explosive incendiary) with tracer variant, armor-piercing discarding sabot, programmable Air burst and Target Practice Tracer. The turret has two separate loading mechanism for each barrel. The vehicle features two types of radar. The search and surveillance radar (Doppler radar) is located at the rear of the turret roof which has a reported range of 20 kilometers with

identification friend or foe Identification, friend or foe (IFF) is an identification system designed for command and control. It uses a transponder that listens for an ''interrogation'' signal and then sends a ''response'' that identifies the broadcaster. IFF systems usua ...

capability. The tracking radar is mounted in front of the turret with digital fire control system above. It is equipped with a computer-controlled targeting system with laser range finder and thermal-tracking sight. An emergency daylight optics is situated on top of the turret. A digital fire control system and auto-loader is situated in the rear of the vehicle. Other standard equipment for Type 09 includes air-conditioning for crew and computers, heating and ventilation, and an NBC system that provides protection against the effects of nuclear, biological and chemical weapons. Type 09 also has an automatic fire detection and suppression system, data-link and external communications system with other vehicles in the battalion.

Operators

*Standard air defenses vehicle for PLA Ground Force combined arms brigades.

References

{{PRCAFVs Weapons of the People's Republic of China Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapons of China Armoured fighting vehicles of the People's Republic of China Military vehicles introduced in the 2000s

History

Design

Operators

See also

References