Polycomb group RING finger protein 1, PCGF1, also known as NSPC1 or RNF68 is a

RING finger domain In molecular biology, a RING (short for Really Interesting New Gene) finger domain is a protein structural domain of zinc finger type which contains a C3HC4 amino acid motif which binds two zinc cations (seven cysteines and one histidine arrange ...

protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respon ...

that in humans is encoded by the ''PCGF1''

gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...

. PCGF1 is a component defining the non-canonical polycomb repressive complex 1.1 (ncPRC1) interacting with RING1A/B,

RYBP RING1 and YY1-binding protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RYBP'' gene. Interactions RYBP has been shown to interact with: * Abl gene, * CBX2, * Caspase 10, * E2F2, * E2F3 Transcription factor E2F3 is a protein that i ...

, BCOR and

KDM2B The human KDM2B gene encodes the protein lysine (K)-specific demethylase 2B. Tissue and subcellular distribution KDM2B is broadly and highly expressed in embryonic tissues (especially in the developing central nervous system of vertebrates). Ex ...

. PCGF1-BCOR assembles via the ubiquitin-like RAWUL domain of PCGF1 and is recruited on the chromatin at

sites. Within the PRC1-like complex, PCGF1 regulates RING1B ubiquitin ligase activity that catalyzes the

ubiquitination Ubiquitin is a small (8.6 kDa) regulatory protein found in most tissues of eukaryotic organisms, i.e., it is found ''ubiquitously''. It was discovered in 1975 by Gideon Goldstein and further characterized throughout the late 1970s and 1980s. F ...

of Lys119 on histone H2A, which then leads to recruitment of

PRC2 PRC2 (polycomb repressive complex 2) is one of the two classes of polycomb-group proteins or (PcG). The other component of this group of proteins is PRC1 ( Polycomb Repressive Complex 1). This complex has histone methyltransferase activity and ...

and H3K27me3 to effectively initiate a

polycomb Polycomb-group proteins (PcG proteins) are a family of protein complexes first discovered in fruit flies that can remodel chromatin such that epigenetic silencing of genes takes place. Polycomb-group proteins are well known for silencing Hox gene ...

domain and mediate gene repression.

References

Further reading