Polyadenylate-binding protein 1 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''PABPC1''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
The protein PABP1 binds mRNA and facilitates a variety of functions such as transport into and out of the nucleus, degradation, translation, and stability. There are two separate PABP1 proteins, one which is located in the nucleus (PABPN1) and the other which is found in the cytoplasm (PABPC1). The location of PABP1 affects the role of that protein and its function with RNA.
Function
The poly(A)-binding protein (PAB or PABP), which is found complexed to the 3' poly(A) tail of eukaryotic mRNA, is required for poly(A) lengthening and the termination of translation. In humans, the PABPs comprise a small nuclear isoform and a conserved gene family of other
poly(A)-binding proteins.
upplied by OMIMref name="entrez">
PABPC1 is usually diffused within the cytoplasm and concentrated at sites of high mRNA concentration such as stress granules, processing bodies, and locations of high translational activity. PABPC1 is also associated with nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). PABPC1 binds to the poly(A) tail and interact with eIF4G, which stabilizes the circularization of mRNAs. This structure is required for the prevention of mRNA degradation via NMD.
In the nucleus PABP1 binds to the poly(A) tails of pre-mRNAs to facilitate stability, export, transport, and degradation. PABP1 binding is also required for nuclear-mediated degradation. PABPC1 contains four RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs). The first two, RRM1 and RRM2, bind both α-importin and the poly(A) tail of processed mRNA. This feature prevents mRNA from going back into the nucleus.
Interactions
PABPC1 has been shown to
interact with:
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ANAPC5,
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CNOT7
CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CNOT7'' gene. It is a subunit of the CCR4-Not deadenylase complex.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene binds to an anti-proliferative protein, B-c ...
,
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EIF4G3
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF4G3'' gene. The gene encodes a protein that functions in translation by aiding the assembly of the ribosome onto the messenger RNA template. Conf ...
,
[
* ]EIF4G1
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF4G1'' gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a component of the protein complex eIF4F, which is involved in the recognition of t ...
,GSPT2
Eukaryotic peptide chain release factor GTP-binding subunit ERF3B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''GSPT2'' gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene i ...
,PAIP1
Polyadenylate-binding protein-interacting protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PAIP1'' gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of ...
,
References
Further reading
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{{RNA-binding proteins
RNA-binding proteins