Oskar Philipp von Chelius was a Prussian Generalleutnant who served during
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...
as an Adjutant of Emperor
Wilhelm II
Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor (german: Kaiser) and List of monarchs of Prussia, King of Prussia, reigning from 15 June 1888 until Abdication of Wilhelm II, his abdication on 9 ...
and as a
military attaché
A military attaché is a military expert who is attached to a diplomatic mission, often an embassy. This type of attaché post is normally filled by a high-ranking military officer, who retains a commission while serving with an embassy. Oppo ...
. He also was a composer.
Life
Military career
Oskar von Chelius was born on 28 July 1859 at
Mannheim
Mannheim (; Palatine German: or ), officially the University City of Mannheim (german: Universitätsstadt Mannheim), is the second-largest city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg after the state capital of Stuttgart, and Germany's ...
, which was part of the
Grand Duchy of Baden
The Grand Duchy of Baden (german: Großherzogtum Baden) was a state in the southwest German Empire on the east bank of the Rhine. It existed between 1806 and 1918.
It came into existence in the 12th century as the Margraviate of Baden and sub ...
. He was the first son of his father, Ernst Philipp von Chelius, and a grandson of
Maximilian Joseph von Chelius
Maximilian Joseph von Chelius (16 January 1794 – 17 August 1876) was a German surgeon and ophthalmologist born in Mannheim.
Chelius received his medical doctorate in 1812 at the University of Heidelberg, and afterwards worked as both a civili ...
. The latter was ennobled into the Badian aristorcracy in 1866.
In 1881, Chelius entered the
Imperial German Army
The Imperial German Army (1871–1919), officially referred to as the German Army (german: Deutsches Heer), was the unified ground and air force of the German Empire. It was established in 1871 with the political unification of Germany under the ...
as a Fahnenjunker in the
22nd (3rd Baden) Dragoon Regiment. In 1882, Chelius was appointed as Sekonde-Lieutenant. In 1883, Chelius was transferred to the
Life Guards Hussars in Potsdam and later became the regimental adjutant. During military maneuvers in Mark Brandenburg, Chelius and Wilhelm II met and became a great friends.
On 24 December 1890, Chelius was promoted to Prime-Lieutenant. He joined the
General Staff. In 1894, Chelius became
Rittmeister
__NOTOC__
(German and Scandinavian for "riding master" or "cavalry master") is or was a military rank of a commissioned cavalry officer in the armies of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Scandinavia, and some other countries. A ''Rittmeister'' is typi ...
. In 1895 he served on the staff of the
Guards Corps, commanded by
Hugo von Winterfeld. In 1896, Chelius became a squadron commander of Life Guards Hussars in Potsdam. In 1898, Chelius served on the staff of the
Guards Cavalry Division. In 1899, Chelius became Major.
In 1899, he became an aide-de-camp of Emperor
Wilhelm II
Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor (german: Kaiser) and List of monarchs of Prussia, King of Prussia, reigning from 15 June 1888 until Abdication of Wilhelm II, his abdication on 9 ...
. Then he was sent to
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus ( legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
as Imperial Germany's military attaché. In 1906, Chelius returned to Berlin and got the command of Life Guards Hussars. On 11 September 1907, Chelius was promoted to Oberst. In 1910, Chelius became General a la suite of the royal court. In 1911, Chelius was promoted to Generalmajor, and 1914 to Generalleutnant.
Chelius was the German military envoy to the
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the List of Russian monarchs, Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended th ...
right before
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...
. Chelius was appointed as an adjutant general of Wilhelm II on 2 August 1914. At the Imperial Headquarters, he eventfully witnessed the collapse of Imperial authority and the monarchical system. In 1917, he was sent to Belgium as part of the
General Government. On 5 November 1918, Chelius became the President of the Commission on Military Orders. He stayed in this position until 8 December 1919 when Chelius retired from the army on his own request. He died at
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha ...
on 26 June 1923.
As a Composer
Chelius also was a highly-skilled composer. He was one of the Emperor's musical friends, like
Kuno von Moltke.
Wilhelm II
Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor (german: Kaiser) and List of monarchs of Prussia, King of Prussia, reigning from 15 June 1888 until Abdication of Wilhelm II, his abdication on 9 ...
liked having musical friends like them and tried to arrange a musical contest.
Works
Among his musical works are:
* Drei Lieder für eine Singstimme mit Pianoforte. (No. 1. Seligkeit: „Die Bibel ist ein heilig Buch“. No. 2. „Wenn sich zwei Herzen scheiden“. No. 3. Frühling und Liebe: „Was grünt das Thal“.), op. 1. Berlin, 1888.
* Drei Lieder (No. 1. Stille Liebe. No. 2. Der schwere Abend. No. 3. Herzig Hexchen.), op. 2. Berlin.
* Drei Mädchenlieder, op. 3. Berlin.
* Fest-Marsch für Kavallerie-Musik, op. 4. Berlin, 1889.
* Barcarolle für Pianoforte, op. 6. Berlin, 1888.
* Drei Lieder für eine Singstimme mit Pianoforte. (No. 1. Der Buchenbaum: „Es steht im Walde ein Buchenbaum“. No. 2. „Von Grund des Herzens“. No. 3. Vorüber: „Mein Liebchen, wir sassen beisammen“.), op. 7. Berlin, 1889.
* Drei Lieder für eine Singstimme mit Begleitung des Klaviers (No.1. Ahnung (Felix Dahn), No. 2. Säerspruch (Conrad Ferdinand Meier), No. 3. Nachklingen (Osterwald)), op. 8. Berlin.
* Drei Lieder für eine Singstimme mit Pianoforte. (No. 1. Waldritt: „Das war ein köstlich Reiten“. No. 2. Lied des Waisenknaben: „Bin ein armer Waisenknab’“. No. 3. „Weisst du noch, wie ich am Felsen“.), op. 9. Berlin, 1890.
* 2 Consolations für Pianoforte, op. 10. Leipzig, 1893.
* Sonate (G-Dur) für Pianoforte und Violine, op. 11. Leipzig, 1891.
* Marsch König Umberto, op. 12. Berlin, 1893.
* Drei Gedichte von Goethe für eine Singstimme mit Pianoforte. (No. 1. Das Schreien: „Einst ging ich meinem Mädchen nach“. No. 2. „Ihr verblühet, süsse Rosen“. No. 3. Wunsch eines jungen Mädchens: „O fände für mich ein Bräutigam sich“.), op. 13. Berlin, 1893.
* Gebetwasser („Geh' nicht hinaus zur Stunde“ (Carmen Sylva)), Lied, op. 14. Berlin, 1893.
* ''Haschisch''. Oper in einem Aufzug. Musik von Siegfried Berger (Pseudonym von Oskar von Chelius). Dichtung von Axel Delmar. Uraufführung 17. Februar 1897 unter Ernst von Schuch in Dresden (Hofoper)
* Drei Gedichte für eine Singstimme mit Pianoforte. (No. 1. Die Äuglein: „Nun bin ich gekommen“. No. 2. Zu später Stunde: „Mein Sinn ist trunken“. No. 3. Die Bachstelze: „Die kleine flinke Müllerin“.), op. 16. Berlin, 1898.
* ''Die vernarrte Prinzeß'' (1904). Ein Fabelspiel in drei Aufzügen (Oper). Libretto: Otto Julius Bierbaum. Uraufführung 15. Januar 1905 in Schwerin, zweite Aufführungsserie im Mai 1905 in Wiesbaden.
* Bühnenmusik zu Heinrich von Kleist's "Prinz Friedrich von Homburg". Berlin, 1907.
* Requiem (''Seele, vergiß sie nicht''); Gedicht von Friedrich Hebbel für gemischten Chor und Orchester. Berlin, 1909.
* Andante für Violoncello und Klavier, op.23. Berlin, 1910.
* Schottische Sage. Ballade von Feodora, Prinzessin zu Schleswig Holstein, für eine Singstimme mit Begleitung des Pianoforte. Mainz, 1911.
* Drei Gedichte von Feodora, Prinzessin zu Schleswig Holstein, für eine Singstimme mit Begleitung des Pianoforte. No. 1. Einsam ... No. 2. Ein Märchen. No. 3. Wunderstrasse. Mainz 1911.
* Der 121. Psalm ("Ich hebe meine Augen auf zu den Bergen"); für gemischten Chor, Soli, Orgel und Orchester. Berlin, 1912.
* Drei Gedichte für eine Singstimme mit Pianoforte. (No. 1. Der Rose Sprache: „Stumm ist der roten Rose Sprache“. No. 2. „Wir sind allein, in deine Hände“. No. 3. Mondschein: „Im Schlafe liegt mein Schätzchen klein“.). Berlin, 1913.
* Bühnenmusik zu Paul Claudel's "Verkündigung". UA: Hellerau, 1913.
* Vier Gedichte für eine Singstimme mit Pianoforte. (No. 1. Mein Grab: „Ich hab' ein Grab gegraben“. No. 2. Schlaflos: „Aus Träumen und Ängsten bin ich erwacht“. No. 3. Frage und Antwort: „Fragst du mich, woher die bange Liebe“. No. 4. „Schlafen, schlafen, nichts als schlafen“), op. 24. Berlin, 1915.
* Bühnenmusik zu Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's "Clavigo". Berlin, 1918.
* Heimkehr ("Er kehrte nicht heim" (Rainer Maria Rilke)), Lied für eine Singstimme und Pianoforte, op. 25.
* Drei Gedichte für eine Singstimme mit Pianoforte. (No. 1. Der dunkle Flecken: „Mein Lieb, du weisse Taube“. No. 2. „Zwei Wandrer gingen den Weg entlang“. No. 3. Dein Alles: „Ich möchte deine Blume sein“.), op. 26. Leipzig, 1920.
* ''Magda Maria'' (1920). Oper in 3 Aufzügen. Libretto: Max Treutler, op. 27. Uraufführung 1920 Dessau.
* ''Und Pippa tanzt!'' (1922; op. 28). Symphonische Dichtung (nach dem gleichnamigen Stück von Gerhart Hauptmann)
Notes
References
Bibliography
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chelius, Oskar Von
1854 births
1923 deaths
Military personnel from Mannheim
German Army generals of World War I
Lieutenant generals of Prussia
German untitled nobility
Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class)
German classical composers