''Oreolalax'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely semiaquatic group of short-bodied, tailless amphibian vertebrates composing the order (biology), order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). Frog species with rough ski ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Megophryidae Megophryidae, commonly known as goose frogs, is a large family of frogs native to the warm southeast of Asia, from the Himalayan foothills eastwards, south to Indonesia and the Greater Sunda Islands in Maritime Southeast Asia, and extending to t ...

. The common name for the genus is toothed toads. Most member

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

are

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...

to southwestern

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

, with at least two species in northern

Vietnam Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...

('' Oreolalax sterlingae''), and the newly discovered ''Oreolalax adelphos'' in 2024, and possibly extending into adjacent

Laos Laos, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic (LPDR), is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and ...

. There is also a population in

Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh (; ) is a States and union territories of India, state in northeast India. It was formed from the North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA) region, and India declared it as a state on 20 February 1987. Itanagar is its capital and la ...

(Northeast India) that has not yet been assigned to a species, although it may rather be assigned to the genus '' Scutiger''.

Species

The genus contains the following species: # '' Oreolalax adelphos'' Nguyen, Tapley, Kane, Tran, Cui & Rowley, 2024Nguyen, Luan Thanh; Tapley, Benjamin; Kane, Daniel; Tran, Tuyet-Dzung Thi; Cui, Jiaxin; Rowley, Jodi J. L. (2024). "A new ''Oreolalax'' (Anura: Megophryidae) from the Hoang Lien Range, northwest Vietnam". ''Zootaxa'' 5514 (6): 501–524. # '' Oreolalax chuanbeiensis'' Tian, 1983 # '' Oreolalax granulosus'' Fei, Ye & Chen, 1990 # ''

Oreolalax jingdongensis ''Oreolalax jingdongensis'' (Jingdong lazy toad or Jingdong toothed toad) is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to China: it is only found in the Ailao Mountains region in Yunnan, including the Jingdong County that h ...

'' Ma, Yang & Li, 1983 # '' Oreolalax liangbeiensis'' Liu & Fei, 1979 # '' Oreolalax lichuanensis'' Hu & Fei, 1979 # '' Oreolalax longmenmontis'' Hou, Shi, Hu, Deng, Jiang, Xie & Wang, 2020 # '' Oreolalax major'' (Liu & Hu, 1960) # '' Oreolalax multipunctatus'' Wu, Zhao, Inger & Shaffer, 1993 # '' Oreolalax nanjiangensis'' Fei & Ye, 1999 # '' Oreolalax omeimontis'' (Liu & Hu, 1960) # '' Oreolalax pingii'' (Liu, 1943) # '' Oreolalax popei'' (Liu, 1947) # '' Oreolalax puxiongensis'' Liu & Fei, 1979 # '' Oreolalax rhodostigmatus'' Hu & Fei, 1979 # '' Oreolalax rugosus'' (Liu, 1943) # '' Oreolalax schmidti'' (Liu, 1947) # '' Oreolalax sterlingae'' Nguyen, Phung, Le, Ziegler & Böhme, 2013 # '' Oreolalax weigoldi'' (Vogt, 1924) # '' Oreolalax xiangchengensis'' Fei & Huang, 1983

Endemic ranges

Many ''Oreolalax'' species are

to highly restricted geographical areas in the

Eastern Himalayas ] The Eastern Himalayas extend from eastern Nepal across Northeast India, Bhutan, the Tibet Autonomous Region to Yunnan in China and northern Myanmar. The climate of this region is influenced by the monsoon of South Asia from June to September. I ...

, especially in

Sichuan Sichuan is a province in Southwestern China, occupying the Sichuan Basin and Tibetan Plateau—between the Jinsha River to the west, the Daba Mountains to the north, and the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau to the south. Its capital city is Cheng ...

, China. The ranges often overlap with those of '' Scutiger'' species. *

Yunnan Yunnan; is an inland Provinces of China, province in Southwestern China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 47.2 million (as of 2020). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the Chinese provinces ...

, China ** '' Oreolalax granulosus'':

Ailao Mountains The Ailao Mountains are located in Yunnan, China. They extend northward from the Yun range, and are located at the intersection of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the Tibetan Plateau, and the Hengduan Mountains. The Ailao Mountain Nature Reserv ...

Jingdong County Jingdong Yi Autonomous County (; ) is an autonomous county in southern Yunnan Province, China. It is the northernmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Pu'er. Jingdong borders Nanhua County, Chuxiong City and Shuangbai Cou ...

** ''

'':

, China ** '' Oreolalax nanjiangensis'': Mount Guangwu (光雾山),

Nanjiang County Nanjiang County () is a county in the northeast of Sichuan Province, China, bordering Shaanxi Shaanxi is a Provinces of China, province in north Northwestern China. It borders the province-level divisions of Inner Mongolia to the north; Shan ...

** '' Oreolalax chuanbeiensis'': Pingwu County and

Mao County Mao County or Maoxian ( zh, s=茂县; ; Qiangic languages, Qiang: Shgvunyi) is a counties of China, county in Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Ngawa Prefecture, Sichuan, Sichuan Province, China. It has an area of 3,903 and a popul ...

** '' Oreolalax liangbeiensis'': Puxiong (普雄镇),

Yuexi County, Sichuan Yuexi County ( zh, s=越西县, , ) is a county located in the north of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, in the south of Sichuan, Sichuan Province, China. History Under imperial China, the area and its seat of government were known as or ...

** '' Oreolalax longmenmontis'':

Pengzhou Pengzhou (), formerly Peng County or Pengxian, is a county-level city of Sichuan Province, Southwest China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Chengdu. There is an expressway that connects Pengzhou to Chengdu. It is bo ...

, Sichuan ** '' Oreolalax puxiongensis'': Puxiong (普雄镇),

** '' Oreolalax pingii'': Zhaojue County and

** '' Oreolalax multipunctatus'': Emeishan and Hongya counties,

** '' Oreolalax omeimontis'': Emeishan and Hongya counties,

** '' Oreolalax major'': central

** '' Oreolalax schmidti'': central

** '' Oreolalax weigoldi'': Washan,

References

External links

* {{Taxonbar, from=Q608082 Megophryidae Amphibians of Asia Amphibian genera Taxa named by Alan E. Leviton Taxa named by George S. Myers Taxonomy articles created by Polbot