An operational image, also known as operative image, is an image that serves a functional, rather than aesthetic, purpose. Operational images are not intended to be viewed by people as representations of the real world; they are created to be used as instruments in performing some task or operation, often by machine automation. Operational images are used in a wide variety of applications, such as weapons targeting and guidance systems, and assisting surgeons performing

robot-assisted surgery Robotic surgery are types of surgical procedures that are done using robotic systems. Robotically assisted surgery was developed to try to overcome the limitations of pre-existing minimally-invasive surgical procedures and to enhance the capabi ...

. The term "operational image" was first coined in 2000 by German filmmaker

Harun Farocki Harun Farocki (9 January 1944 – 30 July 2014) was a German filmmaker, author, and lecturer in film. Early life and education Farocki was born as Harun El Usman FaroqhiMargalit Fox (3 August 2014)''New York Times''. in Neutitschein, which is n ...

in the first part of his three-part audiovisual installation, ''Eye/Machine''. Farocki's installation included operational images used by militaries, such as weapons guidance and targeting systems. ''Eye/Machine'' featured images shown to the public by the United States military from the cameras used by laser-guided missiles in the

Gulf War The Gulf War was a 1990–1991 armed campaign waged by a Coalition of the Gulf War, 35-country military coalition in response to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Spearheaded by the United States, the coalition's efforts against Ba'athist Iraq, ...

. Farocki defined operational images as "Images without a social goal, not for edification, not for reflection," and that they "do not represent an object, but rather are part of an operation." According to Volker Pantenburg, operational images are more accurately characterized as "visualizations of data". He describes operational images as a "working image" or an image that "performs work". Operational images are ubiquitous in modern society, used for a variety of military and non-military applications, such as inspecting sewer piping, and assisting surgeons performing robotic surgery.

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Imaging Photography Computer graphics {{compu-graphics-stub