The Onojutta-Haga or Juniata (Iotteca) people were Indigenous to areas adjacent to the

Juniata River The Juniata River () is a tributary of the Susquehanna River, approximately long,U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map , accessed August 8, 2011 in central Pennsylvania. The river is ...

and its

tributaries A tributary, or an ''affluent'', is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream ('' main stem'' or ''"parent"''), river, or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries, and the main stem river into which the ...

in the southern part of what is now

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

History

The Onojutta-Haga, like many small bands of indigenous peoples of the interior of Pennsylvania, are very poorly known. By 1648 they were forced auxiliaries of the more powerful

Susquehannock The Susquehannock, also known as the Conestoga, Minquas, and Andaste, were an Iroquoian Peoples, Iroquoian people who lived in the lower Susquehanna River watershed in what is now Pennsylvania. Their name means “people of the muddy river.” T ...

, an Iroquoian-speaking tribe, and may have ultimately been at least partially assimilated. When the Susquehannock were subjugated and dispersed from the Susquehanna Valley, the Onojutta-Haga were likely included in their number.

Language

The Onojutta-Haga or Juniata were an

Iroquoian The Iroquoian languages () are a language family of indigenous peoples of North America. They are known for their general lack of labial consonants. The Iroquoian languages are polysynthetic and head-marking. As of 2020, almost all surviving I ...

-speaking group.Encyclopedia of Pennsylvania Indians
/ref> They were part of a language and cultural family that also included the

Erie people The Erie people were an Indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands historically living on the south shore of Lake Erie. An Iroquoian-speaking tribe, they lived in what is now western New York, northwestern Pennsylvania, and northern Ohio b ...

and, by 1722, the Six Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy, or ''

Haudenosaunee The Iroquois ( ), also known as the Five Nations, and later as the Six Nations from 1722 onwards; alternatively referred to by the Endonym and exonym, endonym Haudenosaunee ( ; ) are an Iroquoian languages, Iroquoian-speaking Confederation#Ind ...

''. North of the Great Lakes, the Wyandot were also Iroquoian speaking.

References

External Links

* Extinct languages of North America Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands Native American tribes in Pennsylvania Susquehannock Extinct Native American tribes {{NorthAm-native-stub