"One Piece at a Time" is a
country novelty song written by
Wayne Kemp and recorded by
Johnny Cash
John R. Cash (born J. R. Cash; February 26, 1932 – September 12, 2003) was an American singer-songwriter. Most of his music contains themes of sorrow, moral tribulation, and redemption, especially songs from the later stages of his career. ...
and
the Tennessee Three in 1976. It was the last song performed by Cash to reach No. 1 on the Billboard
Hot Country Singles
Hot Country Songs is a chart published weekly by ''Billboard'' magazine in the United States.
This 50-position chart lists the most popular country music songs, calculated weekly by collecting airplay data along with digital sales and streaming. ...
chart and the last of Cash's songs to reach the
Billboard Hot 100
The ''Billboard'' Hot 100, also known as simply the Hot 100, is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for songs, published weekly by '' Billboard'' magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales (physical and digital), ...
, on which it peaked at No. 29.
Content
The narrator leaves his home in
Kentucky
Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...
in 1949 to pursue work at
General Motors
General Motors Company (GM) is an American Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, United States. The company is most known for owning and manufacturing f ...
in
Detroit, Michigan
Detroit ( , ) is the List of municipalities in Michigan, most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is situated on the bank of the Detroit River across from Windsor, Ontario. It had a population of 639,111 at the 2020 United State ...
, installing wheels on
Cadillac
Cadillac Motor Car Division, or simply Cadillac (), is the luxury vehicle division (business), division of the American automobile manufacturer General Motors (GM). Its major markets are the United States, Canada and China; Cadillac models are ...
s, watching each one roll by day after day on the
assembly line
An assembly line, often called ''progressive assembly'', is a manufacturing process where the unfinished product moves in a direct line from workstation to workstation, with parts added in sequence until the final product is completed. By mechan ...
, knowingly lamenting that he will never be able to afford one of his own.
Beginning almost immediately, the narrator and a co-worker decide to "steal" a Cadillac by way of using their assembly line jobs to obtain the parts via
salami slicing. He takes the small parts home hidden in his unusually large
lunch box
A lunch box (or lunchbox) is a hand-held container used to transport food, usually to work or to school. It is commonly made of metal or plastic, is reasonably airtight and often has a handle for carrying.
In the United States
In the Unit ...
; larger parts are smuggled out in his co-worker's
motorhome
A motorhome (or coach) is a type of self-propelled recreational vehicle (RV) which is as the name suggests, like a home on wheels.
Features
Motorhomes usually have sleeping spaces for two to eight people. Each sleeping space is either fixed o ...
.
The process of accumulating all the necessary parts turns out to take at least 25 years (the newest part mentioned, the engine, is from 1973), but once they have what they think is a complete car, they attempt to assemble the pieces. Because automakers inevitably make numerous changes to their models, designs and parts over the course of a quarter-century, the result was a hodgepodge of parts from different years and models that did not fit together well (the bolt holes disappear when attempting to fit the 1973 engine with a 1953 transmission, there was only one right headlight and two left headlights, and only one
tail fin).
Despite these problems, the narrator and his co-worker get the car in proper working condition. The singer's wife is skeptical of the outcome, but wants a ride in it anyway. Townspeople begin laughing at the narrator's unique car as he takes it to have it
registered. However, the folks at the courthouse were not as pleased – it took the "
whole staff" to complete the
vehicle title
A vehicle () is a machine designed for self-propulsion, usually to transport people, cargo, or both. The term "vehicle" typically refers to land vehicles such as human-powered vehicles (e.g. bicycles, tricycles, velomobiles), animal-powere ...
, which ended up weighing 60 pounds (27 kg).
The song ends with a
CB radio
Citizens band radio (CB radio) is a land mobile radio system, a system allowing short-distance one-to-many bidirectional voice communication among individuals, using two-way radios operating near 27 MHz (or the 11-m wavelength) in the high freq ...
conversation between the narrator and a truck driver inquiring about the "psychobilly Cadillac", in which the singer replies, "you might say I went right up to the factory and picked it up; it's cheaper that way". When asked what model it is, the narrator describes it as model years 1949 up to 1970.
The song is in a moderate tempo in the key of
F major
F major is a major scale based on F, with the pitches F, G, A, B, C, D, and E. Its key signature has one flat.Music Theory'. (1950). United States: Standards and Curriculum Division, Training, Bureau of Naval Personnel. 28. Its relati ...
, with a main chord pattern of
F-B-C-F. The verses are done in a
talking blues style; Cash had used a similar spoken-word format and chord progression in his earlier hit "
A Boy Named Sue."
Legacy
The name of the rockabilly subgenre
psychobilly
Psychobilly (or punkabilly) is a rock music fusion genre that fuses elements of rockabilly and punk rock. It has been defined as "loud frantic rockabilly music", it has also been said that it "takes the traditional country rock, countrified rock ...
came from a lyric in "One Piece at a Time".
Bruce Fitzpatrick, owner of Abernathy Auto Parts and Hilltop Auto Salvage in Nashville, Tennessee, was asked by the promoters of the song to build the vehicle for international promotion. Fitzpatrick had all the models of Cadillacs mentioned in the song when it was released, and built a car using the song as a model. It took about eight to ten days, according to Fitzpatrick. The result was presented to Cash in April 1976. It was parked outside the
House of Cash in
Hendersonville, Tennessee
Hendersonville is the most populous city in Sumner County, Tennessee, on Old Hickory Lake. As of the 2020 census the city's population was 61,753.
Hendersonville is the fourth-most populous city in the Nashville metropolitan area after Nas ...
, until someone could find a place to store it. After the House of Cash closed, Fitzpatrick retrieved the '49–'70 Cadillac with a wrecker, brought it back to Abernathy Auto Parts and Hilltop Auto Salvage in Nashville, Tennessee, and crushed it. "People from all over the world call me about the patchwork Cadillac," Fitzpatrick later said. "But it wasn't that big of a deal when we built it. Nashville wasn't even that big then. We built the car for fun. I never got paid for it."
The song was covered by Chicago rock band
Tub Ring for the 2001 Johnny Cash tribute album, ''Cash from Chaos''.
The psychobilly Cadillac from the "One Piece at a Time" video is at the Storytellers museum in Bon Aqua, Tennessee. This is a different car from the one made by Bruce Fitzpatrick. This car was made at the behest of Bill Patch of Welch, Oklahoma, and constructed by Leland Mayfield, Harley Malone, Eldon McCoy and Don. P. Chenoweth.
An attempt at building a vehicle "one piece at a time" was completed successfully over a five-year period by a Chinese motorcycle assembly line worker in
Chongqing
ChongqingPostal Romanization, Previously romanized as Chungking ();. is a direct-administered municipality in Southwestern China. Chongqing is one of the four direct-administered municipalities under the State Council of the People's Republi ...
. Although the motorcycle was fully operational, the worker's plan was foiled when no registration could be found for it; the worker was charged with theft of the parts, fined, and ordered to return the parts to the factory where he worked.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
References
External links
Origin of the Second Cadillacas presented by the Antique Automobile Club of America. See als
{{Authority control
1976 singles
Johnny Cash songs
Songs written by Wayne Kemp
Songs about cars
Songs about labor
Novelty songs
Columbia Records singles
1976 songs
Citizens band radio in popular culture
Cadillac