The OneFS File System is a
parallel distributed networked file system designed by
Isilon Systems and is the basis for the ''Isilon Scale-out Storage Platform''.
[ The OneFS file system is controlled and managed by the OneFS Operating System, a ]FreeBSD
FreeBSD is a free-software Unix-like operating system descended from the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). The first version was released in 1993 developed from 386BSD, one of the first fully functional and free Unix clones on affordable ...
variant.[
]
On-disk Structure
All data structures in the OneFS file system maintain their own protection information. This means in the same filesystem, one file may be protected at +1 (basic parity protection) while another may be protected at +4 (resilient to four failures) while yet another file may be protected at 2x (mirror
A mirror, also known as a looking glass, is an object that Reflection (physics), reflects an image. Light that bounces off a mirror forms an image of whatever is in front of it, which is then focused through the lens of the eye or a camera ...
ing); this feature is referred to as FlexProtect. FlexProtect is also responsible for automatically rebuilding the data in the event of a failure. The protection levels available are based on the number of nodes in the cluster and follow the Reed Solomon Algorithm. Blocks for an individual file are spread across the nodes. This allows entire nodes to fail without losing access to any data. File metadata
Metadata (or metainformation) is "data that provides information about other data", but not the content of the data itself, such as the text of a message or the image itself. There are many distinct types of metadata, including:
* Descriptive ...
, directories, snapshot structures, quotas structures, and a logical inode
An inode (index node) is a data structure in a Unix-style file system that describes a file-system object such as a file or a directory. Each inode stores the attributes and disk block locations of the object's data. File-system object attribu ...
mapping structure are all based on mirrored B+ tree
A B+ tree is an m-ary tree with a variable but often large number of children per node. A B+ tree consists of a root, internal nodes and leaves. The root may be either a leaf or a node with two or more children.
A B+ tree can be viewed as a B ...
s. Block addresses are generalized 64-bit pointers that reference (node, drive, blknum) tuple
In mathematics, a tuple is a finite sequence or ''ordered list'' of numbers or, more generally, mathematical objects, which are called the ''elements'' of the tuple. An -tuple is a tuple of elements, where is a non-negative integer. There is o ...
s. The native block size is 8192 bytes; inodes are 512 bytes on disk (for disks with 512 byte sectors) or 8KB (for disks with 4KB sectors).
One distinctive characteristic of OneFS is that metadata is spread throughout the nodes in a homogeneous fashion. There are no dedicated metadata servers. The only piece of metadata that is replicated on every node is the address list of root btree blocks of the inode mapping structure. Everything else can be found from that starting point, following the generalized 64-bit pointers.
Clustering
The collection of computer hosts that comprise a OneFS System is referred to as a "''cluster''".
A computer host that is a member of a OneFS cluster is referred to as a "''node''" (plural "''nodes''").
The nodes that comprise a OneFS System must be connected by a high performance, low-latency back-end network for optimal performance. OneFS 1.0-3.0 used Gigabit Ethernet as that back-end network. Starting with OneFS 3.5, Isilon offered InfiniBand
InfiniBand (IB) is a computer networking communications standard used in high-performance computing that features very high throughput and very low latency. It is used for data interconnect both among and within computers. InfiniBand is also used ...
models. From about 2007 until mid-2018, all nodes sold utilized an InfiniBand back-end. Starting with OneFS 8.1.0 and Gen6 models, Isilon again offers Ethernet back-end network (10, 25, 40, or 100 Gigabit).
Protocols
OneFS supports accessing stored files using common computer network protocols including NFS, CIFS/SMB, FTP
The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard communication protocol used for the transfer of computer files from a server to a client on a computer network. FTP is built on a client–server model architecture using separate control and dat ...
, HTTP
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is an application layer protocol in the Internet protocol suite model for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web, wher ...
, and HDFS.[ It can utilize non-local authentication such as ]Active Directory
Active Directory (AD) is a directory service developed by Microsoft for Windows domain networks. Windows Server operating systems include it as a set of processes and services. Originally, only centralized domain management used Active Direct ...
, LDAP, and NIS. It is capable of interfacing with external backup devices and applications that use NDMP protocol.
OneFS Operating System
The OneFS File System is a proprietary file system that can only be managed and controlled by the FreeBSD-derived OneFS Operating System.[
zsh is the default login shell of the OneFS Operating System. OneFS presents a specialized command set to administer the OneFS File System. Most specialized shell programs start with letters ''isi''. Notable exceptions are the Isilon extensions to the FreeBSD ]ls and chmod programs.
Versions
* 1.0 "Bell," 2.0 "Jalapeno," 3.0 "Serrano," 3.5 "Tabasco"
* 4.0 "Poblano," 4.1 "Anaheim," 4.5 "Thai," 4.6 "Ancho"
* 4.7 "Chiltepin"
** 4.7.1 to .11
* 5.0 "Jamaican"
** 5.0.0 to .8
* 5.5 "Scotch Bonnet" (based on FreeBSD 6.1)[Determined by the ]__FreeBSD_version definition
A definition is a statement of the meaning of a term (a word, phrase, or other set of symbols). Definitions can be classified into two large categories: intensional definitions (which try to give the sense of a term), and extensional definitio ...
in /usr/include/sys/param.h. See ''FreeBSD Porter's Handbook'' for more information.[
** 6.5.1 to .5
* 7.0 "Mavericks" - released November 2012; (based on FreeBSD 7.4-STABLE)][
** 7.0.1 to .2
* 7.1 "Waikiki" - released October 2013
** 7.1.1 "Jaws" - released July 2014
* 7.2 "Moby" - released November 2014
** 7.2.0, 7.2.1 "Orca"
* 8.0 "Riptide" (based on FreeBSD 10) - released February 2016 - iSCSI deprecated
** 8.0.1 "Halfpipe" - released October 2016
* 8.1 "Freight Trains" - released June 2017
** 8.1.1 "Niijima" - released January 2018
** 8.1.2 "Kanagawa" - Released August 2018
** 8.1.3 "Seismic" - Released January 2019
* 8.2.0 "Pipeline" (based on FreeBSD 11) - Released May 2019
** 8.2.1 "Acela" - Released September 2019
** 8.2.2 "Beachcomber" - Released January 2020
* 9.0.0 "Cascades" - Released June 2020
** 9.1.0 "Deccan" - Released October 2020][
** 9.3 "Gotham" - Released October 2021][
** 9.4 "Hexie" - Released April 2022][
** 9.5 "Islander" - Released January 2023][
** 9.6 "Jet Rocket" - Released May 2023][
** 9.9 - Released August 2024][
** 9.10 - Released December 2024][
]
See also
* List of file systems
* Clustered file system
References
External links
*
{{File systems
Distributed file systems