Omar Osman Rabe () was a Somali scholar, writer, politician and pan-Somalist of the former Cote Francaise des Somalis or

French Somaliland French Somaliland (; ; ) was a French colony in the Horn of Africa. It existed between 1884 and 1967, at which became the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas. The Republic of Djibouti is its legal successor state. History French Somalil ...

and the Republic of

Djibouti Djibouti, officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Somalia to the south, Ethiopia to the southwest, Eritrea in the north, and the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden to the east. The country has an area ...

. He was born in

Dembel Dembel is a town in central Ethiopia. Located in the Shinile Zone of the Somali Region. It is the administrative center of Dembel woreda. Overview Inhabitants of this woreda have engaged in crop farming since 1965; however, there has been a ...

in the

Shinile Shinile () is a town in eastern Ethiopia. Located in the Shinile Zone, Sitti Zone of the Somali Region, it is 9km northeast of Dire Dawa, the first Railway stations in Ethiopia, station of the Ethio-Djibouti Railways east of Dire Dawa is at Shini ...

region of

Ethiopia Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Ken ...

in 1946 and died in

Cairo Cairo ( ; , ) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, being home to more than 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, L ...

Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...

in 2013.

Biography

Omar Osman Rabeh was raised under the French colonial rule and started his struggle against the French at an early age. He was a Somali politician and a pan-Somalist, he joined the "''Parti Du Mouvement Populaire'' (PMP)" in 1960. Accused of having participated in an assassination attempt against the French appointed Prime Minister,

Ali Aref Bourhan Ali Aref Bourhan (; born 1934) is a Djiboutian politician. Early years Bourhan was born in 1934 in the coastal city of Tadjoura, situated in eastern present-day Djibouti. He hailed from a prominent local Afar family, the Abourbakers. He also ha ...

on 6 May 1968, he was sentenced to death on 27 May 1968. Although on 27 November 1968 his execution sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. He was transferred in December 1968 to the "''Centre de détention de Mure''t" in

Haute-Garonne Haute-Garonne (; , ; ''Upper Garonne'') is a department in the southwestern French region of Occitanie. Named after the river Garonne, which flows through the department. Its prefecture and main city is Toulouse, the country's fourth-largest. ...

, in the region of Occitanie. in France. After spending 7 years in the "''Centre de détention de Muret''", the French jail, he was later traded for the French Ambassador to Somalia, John Gueury who was kidnapped by the "''Front de libération de la Côte des Somalis''" (FLCS), the French Somali Coast Liberation Front. While in jail, he achieved a PhD degree in philosophy from the

University of Toulouse The University of Toulouse (, ) is a community of universities and establishments ( ComUE) based in Toulouse, France. Originally it was established in 1229, making it one of the earliest universities to emerge in Europe. Suppressed during the ...

in 1979. Later on he moved to Djibouti, and became the director of the "''l'École normale''" in 1980. He also partook in the training of the "Parti Populaire Djiboutien" (PPD) in 1981, then moved to Somalia in 1982. Eventually he moved to France and then Canada. He published his autobiography, ''Le Cercle et la spirale'' in 1984, shortly after he was stripped of his Djiboutian citizenship. He returned to Djibouti in the 2000s, where he became a presidential adviser and head of the research center "de l'institut de géopolitique au Centre d'études et de recherche de Djibouti" (CERD). He devoted his time to seeking Somali unity and to educate young Somalis, in Ottawa, Canada he founded "''L'ecole Ibn Battouta''", a French Immersion Islamic school. The school is considered to be one of the best and serves the Muslim community. Omar Osman Rabe also authored many books and articles on Somali culture, psychology and nationalism. His wife recounts in a series of videos posted on YouTube on October 24, 2019 how Ismail Omar Guelleh treated him in the last moments of his life. She says that Rabeh had requested that the 7 years he spent in prison in France be taken into account in his retirement pension. He received a dismissal. Feeling tired and sick, he requested that he be evacuated out of the country. Having received no response despite occupying the position of presidential adviser and despite sending several requests for an audience with acknowledgment of receipt, he left for Cairo for treatment. During his convalescence in Cairo, his salary was suspended. After his death, emissaries on the orders of Ismail Omar Guelleh coming in turn from the Somalia embassy in Egypt, the Djibouti embassy, Somali personalities in Egypt and even his wife's own family took turns to pressure her to organize the funeral in Djibouti dangling her a state funeral. When the body arrived at Djibouti airport, orders from Ismail Omar Guelleh came to hide it from the public eye and avoid crowds. Rabeh was buried on the sly in the greatest secrecy at the PK12 cemetery. No tribute or announcement of his death was made by the authorities in the media.

Publications

* ''Le Cercle et la spirale'', Paris, Les Lettres libres, 1984. * ''République de Djibouti ou roue de secours d’… Éthiopie'', Ivry, Ateliers Silex, 1985. * ''L’État et le pansomalisme'', Paris, Le Derwish, 1988. * ''The Somali nation, III : the state and society, theorical considerations, Paris : Seecop, 1985.'' * ''The Somali nation, 2 : present-day considerations and questions as the future : nomadism and technology, 1984'' * ''The Somali nation : historical considerations and issues for the future, Aulnay-s-bois 1983.'' * ''Somalia : psychology of the nomad, 1983.'' * ''La mentalité nomade ou l'Antinomie état/clans, Djibouti, RDD : Institut d'études politiques et stratégiques (IEPS), 2010.'' * ''The Somali Nomad, Hamburg, 1983'' * ''Examen de conscience et autocritique philosophiques : Liberté et prison, Toulouse2: 1979.''

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rabe, Omar Osman Djiboutian politicians University of Toulouse alumni 1946 births 2013 deaths Gadabuursi