''Objetivo'' was a film magazine published between 1953 and 1955 in

Madrid, Spain Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It i ...

. The magazine was one of the significant publications, which contributed to the struggle for a censorship-free cinema in

Francoist Spain Francoist Spain (), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (), or Nationalist Spain () was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death i ...

. Spanish author Marvin D'Lugo argues that the magazine was very influential during its lifetime despite its short existence and lower levels of circulation.

History and profile

''Objetivo'' was founded in 1953. Based in Madrid, the first issue of the magazine appeared in July 1953. ''Objetivo'' was modeled on Italian film magazine ''

Cinema Nuovo ''Cinema Nuovo'' was a left-leaning Italian film magazine existed between 1952 and 1996. It was headquartered in Milan, Italy. History and profile ''Cinema Nuovo'' was established by film critic Guido Aristarco in 1952. The first issue was pub ...

''. The founders were Luis Garcia Berlanga and

Juan Antonio Bardem Juan Antonio Bardem Muñoz (2 June 1922 – 30 October 2002) was a Spanish film director and screenwriter, born in Madrid. Bardem was best known for '' Muerte de un ciclista'' (1955) which won the FIPRESCI Prize at the 1955 Cannes Film Festiv ...

. They were both influenced from

Italian neorealism Italian neorealism (), also known as the Golden Age of Italian Cinema, was a national film movement characterized by stories set amongst the poor and the working class. They are filmed on location, frequently with non-professional actors. They p ...

. The financier of the magazine which was linked to the illegal Communist Party was José Ángel Ezcurra, who owned a cultural and political magazine entitled '' Triunfo''. ''Objetivo'' did not conform to Franco's

cultural politics Identity politics is politics based on a particular identity, such as ethnicity, race, nationality, religion, denomination, gender, sexual orientation, social background, political affiliation, caste, age, education, disability, opinion, i ...

. The magazine adopted a

social realist Social realism is work produced by painters, printmakers, photographers, writers, filmmakers and some musicians that aims to draw attention to the real socio-political conditions of the working class as a means to critique the power structures ...

approach, which was concerned with the highest ideal of cinema. It mostly featured articles about the Italian neorealism. It did not covered

Hollywood films The cinema of the United States, primarily associated with major film studios collectively referred to as Hollywood, Los Angeles, Hollywood, has significantly influenced the global film industry since the early 20th century. Classical Holly ...

, but contained articles on independent American films. Eduardo Ducay published

film critics Film criticism is the analysis and evaluation of films and the film medium. In general, film criticism can be divided into two categories: Academic criticism by film scholars, who study the composition of film theory and publish their findin ...

in ''Objetivo''. The other significant contributors included Ricardo Muñoz Suay and Paulino Garagorri. The magazine folded after the publication of the September-October 1955 issue due to the crackdown of the Francoist State. Most of its contributors were arrested following the closure of the magazine. During its lifetime ''Objetivo'' produced just nine issues.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Objetivo 1953 establishments in Spain 1955 disestablishments in Spain Anti-Francoism Banned magazines Censorship in Spain Defunct magazines published in Spain Film magazines published in Spain Magazines established in 1953 Magazines disestablished in 1955 Magazines published in Madrid Spanish-language magazines

History and profile

See also

References