A numismatist is a specialist, researcher, and/or well-informed collector of numismatics/coins ("of coins"; from

Late Latin Late Latin is the scholarly name for the form of Literary Latin of late antiquity.Roberts (1996), p. 537. English dictionary definitions of Late Latin date this period from the 3rd to 6th centuries CE, and continuing into the 7th century in ...

, genitive of ). Numismatists can include collectors, specialist dealers, and scholar-researchers who use coins (and possibly, other currency) in object-based research. Although use of the term ''numismatics'' was first recorded in English in 1799, people had been collecting and studying coins long before then all over the world. (The branch of numismatics that deals with the study and collection of paper currency and banknotes by notaphilists is called

Notaphily Notaphily is the study and collection of paper currency, and banknotes. A notaphilist is a collector of banknotes or paper money, particularly as a hobby. History It is believed that people have been collecting paper money for as long as it has ...

)

Numismatist collectors

This group chiefly may derive pleasure from the simple ownership of monetary devices and studying these coins as private amateur scholars. In the classical field, amateur collector studies have achieved quite remarkable progress in the field. Examples include Walter Breen, a noted numismatist who was not an avid collector, and King Farouk I of Egypt, an avid collector who had very little interest in numismatics. Harry Bass by comparison was a noted collector who was also a numismatist.

Numismatist dealers

In this group are the coin dealers. Often called professional numismatists, they authenticate or grade coins for commercial purposes. The buying and selling of coin collections by numismatists who are professional dealers advance the study of money, and expert numismatists are consulted by historians, museum curators, and archaeologists. See, for example, the International Association of Professional Numismatists (IAPN) and the British Numismatic Trade Association (BNTA).

Numismatist researchers

In this group are scholar numismatists working in public collections, universities or as independent scholars acquiring knowledge about monetary devices, their systems, their economy and their historical context. Coins are especially relevant as a source in the pre-modern period.

Training and recognition

There are very few academic institutions around the world that offer formal training in numismatics. Some may offer numismatics as part of a course in classical studies, ancient history, history or archaeology. Scholar numismatists may focus on numismatics at the postgraduate level, where the training is more research-based. As a result, most scholar numismatists will approach numismatics from within another academic discipline (e.g. history, archaeology, ancient or modern languages, metal sciences), perhaps after attending a numismatic summer school, usually based where there is an excellent coin collection. Recognition of scholarly numismatic expertise may be in the form of a postgraduate qualification, and/or in the form of a medal awarded by a numismatic society: for example, the

Medal of the Royal Numismatic Society The Medal of the Royal Numismatic Society was first awarded in 1883. It is awarded by the Royal Numismatic Society and is one of the highest markers of recognition given to numismatists. The president and Council award the medal annually to an "in ...

, which may be awarded to scholar numismatists of any nationality. Donald H. Kagin earned the first PhD in Numismatics granted in the United States in 1979. Numismatic institutes *The Institute for Numismatics and History of Money Vienna (Austria) * Indian Institute for Research in Numismatic Studies, Nasik (India) *International Centre for Numismatic Studies, Naples (Italy) Numismatic summer schools * American Numismatic Association Summer Seminar *

American Numismatic Society The American Numismatic Society (ANS) is a New York City-based organization dedicated to the study of coins, money, medals, tokens, and related objects. Founded in 1858, it is the only American museum devoted exclusively to their preservation ...

British Museum The British Museum is a Museum, public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London. Its permanent collection of eight million works is the largest in the world. It documents the story of human cu ...

Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud University (abbreviated as RU, , formerly ) is a public university, public research university located in Nijmegen, Netherlands. RU has seven faculties and more than 24,000 students. Established in 1923, Radboud University has consistentl ...

(RU) and the Netherlands Institute at Athens (NIA) Summer School

Numismatic organizations (selection)

American Numismatic Association The American Numismatic Association (ANA) is an organization founded in 1891 by George Francis Heath. Located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, it was formed to advance the knowledge of numismatics (the study of coins) along educational, historic ...

* (Spanish Numismatic Society) * Australian Numismatic Society *British Art Medal Society *British Association of Numismatic Societies * British Numismatic Society *

International Bank Note Society Notaphily is the study and collection of paper money, currency, and banknotes. A notaphilist is a collector of banknotes or paper money, particularly as a hobby. History It is believed that people have been collecting paper money for as long as ...

* International Numismatic Council organises the International Numismatic Congress, and publishes the ''Survey of Numismatic Research''. *Israel Numismatic Society * (Royal Dutch Numismatic Society) *Money and Medals Network (UK) * Numismatic Association of Australia * (Berlin Numismatic Society) *Oriental Numismatic Society * (Austrian Numismatic Society) * Royal Numismatic Society (UK) *Schweizerische Numismatische Gesellschaft/Société Suisse de Numismatique/Società Svizzera di Numismatica/ Swiss Numismatic Society * Società Numismatica Italiana (Italian Numismatic Society) * Royal Numismatic Society of Belgium (Société Royale de Numismatique de Belgique) * Société française de numismatique (French Numismatic Society) * (Swedish Numismatic Society)

Biographical resources

As scholar numismatists work on coins (and related objects) within their particular area of interest (e.g. a particular part of the world, a particular period of history, or a particular culture), they are often known in those fields, as well as in numismatics. Biographical resources relating specifically to numismatists include the following: *Manville, H.E., ''Biographical Dictionary of British and Irish Numismatics'', Encyclopaedia of British Numismatics. Volume IV (London, 2009) *Smith, Pete:, ''American Numismatic Biographies'' (1992). *"Numismatic Who's Who", in ''Coins Weekly''. *de Callataÿ, F., ''Portraits of Famous Numismatists who died before 1800'' *de Callataÿ, F., ''Portraits of Famous Numismatists who died after 1800'' *''Famous Numismatists - Les grands numismates'', on the International Numismatic Council webpage *''Encyclopedic Dictionary of Numismatic Biographies'' - focus on American numismatists *''Numismatics - Biographical Information'', on The E-Sylum

List of scholar numismatists

* Richard Abdy * Mikhail Abramzon * Carmen Alfaro Asins (1952–2005) * Andreas Alföldi (1895–1981) * R. Alföldi * Martin Allen (numismatist) * Michael Alram *

Michel Amandry Michel Amandry (born in 1949) is a French numismatist. Career Michel Amandry, the son of the archaeologist Pierre Amandry, studied in Strasbourg and Paris, where in 1979 he received his doctorate at the Sorbonne. From 1991 to September 2013 h ...

* Augusto Carlos Teixeira de Aragão * Marion Archibald (1935–2016) * Carmen Arnold-Biucchi * Ermanno A Arslan * Simone Assemani (1752–1820) * Philip Attwood *

Ernest Babelon Ernest Charles François Babelon (born 7 November 1854 in Sarrey, Département Haute-Marne; died 3 January 1924 in Paris) was a French numismatist and classical archaeologist. Education and career Ernest Babelon trained from 1874 to 1878 to b ...

(1854–1924) *

Churchill Babington Churchill Babington (; 11 March 182112 January 1889) was an English classical scholar, archaeologist and naturalist. He served as Rector of Cockfield, Suffolk. He was a cousin of Cardale Babington. Life He was born at Rothley Temple, in ...

* Soheir Bakhoum * Paul Balog * Anselmo Banduri * Jean-Jacques Barthélemy Garde du Cabinet du roi (1754–1795) * Pierre Bastien (1912–2010) *

Georges Bataille Georges Albert Maurice Victor Bataille (; ; 10 September 1897 – 8 July 1962) was a French philosopher and intellectual working in philosophy, literature, sociology, anthropology, and history of art. His writing, which included essays, novels, ...

* Khadijeh (Zohrer) Baseri * G. Belloni * Peter Berghaus (1919–2012) * Jacob de Bie * Mark Blackburn (1953–2011) * Roger Bland * Osmund Bopearachchi * Bartolomeo Borghesi * Howard Franklin Bowker * Robert Bracey * Pierre-Napoléon Breton * Agnes Baldwin Brett * Andrew Brown * Guido Bruck * Patrick Bruun *

Guillaume Budé Guillaume Budé (; Onomastic Latinisation, Latinized as Guilielmus Budaeus; January 26, 1467 – August 20, 1540) was a French scholar and humanist. He was involved in the founding of Collegium Trilingue, which later became the Collège de Fra ...

* Andrew Burnett * Aleksander Bursche * Kevin Butcher * Herbert A. Cahn (1915–2002) * Mando Caramessini-Oeconomides (1927–2015) * Dario Calomino * Ian Carradice * Francesco Carelli * Robert Carson (1918–2006) * Karel Castelin * Gabriele Lancillotto Castelli (1727–1792) * Celestino Cavedoni * Secondina Lorenza Cesano (1879–1973) * Elvira Clain-Stefanelli (1914–2001) *

Joan Clarke Joan Elisabeth Lowther Murray, MBE (''née'' Clarke; 24 June 1917 – 4 September 1996) was an English cryptanalyst and numismatist who worked as a code-breaker at Bletchley Park during the Second World War. Although she did not personally ...

* Henry Cohen * Barrie Cook (numismatist) * Esprit-Marie Cousinéry (1747–1833). *

Michael Crawford Michael Patrick Smith (born 19 January 1942), known professionally as Michael Crawford, is an English actor, comedian and singer. Crawford is best known for playing the hapless Frank Spencer in the sitcom '' Some Mothers Do 'Ave 'Em'', Cornel ...

* Joe Cribb * Sylvester Sage Crosby (1831–1914) * M. Crusafont i Sabater * Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis * Hermann Dannenberg (1824–1905) * François de Callatay * Elena Abramovna Davidovich * G. Demski * Georges Depeyrot * Almudena Domínguez Arranz * Amelia Dowler * Théophile Marion Dumersan *

Joseph Hilarius Eckhel Joseph Hilarius Eckhel (13 January 1737 – 16 May 1798) was an Austrian Jesuit priest and numismatist. Biography Eckhel was born at Enzersfeld, in Lower Austria. His father was farm-steward to Count Zinzendorf, and he received his early educa ...

(1737–1798) *

Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher Stephan Friedrich Ladislaus Endlicher, also known as Endlicher István László (24 June 1804 – 28 March 1849), was an Austrian botanist, numismatist and Sinologist. He was a director of the Botanical Garden of Vienna. Biography Endlicher ...

* Elizabeth Errington * Warren Esty * Helen Farquhar * Giuseppe Fiorelli * Martin Folkes * Julius Friedländer * Nina Andreevna Frolova (1936–2015) *

Andrea Fulvio Andrea Fulvio (in his Latin publications and correspondence Andreas Fulvius; –1527) was an Italian Renaissance humanist, poet and antiquarian active in Rome, who advised Raphael in the reconstructions of ancient Rome as settings for his fresco ...

* Raffaele Garrucci * H.U. Geiger * A. Geiser * Girish Chandra * Shpresa Gjongecaj * Francesco Gnecchi * Giovanni Gorini * Michael Grant (1914–2004) * Philip Grierson (1910–2006) * Claude Gros de Boze * P.L. Gupta (Parmeshwari Lal Gupta) (1914–2001) * Tony Hackens * Wolfgang Hahn * Nicola Francesco Haym (1678–1729) * Barclay Vincent Head (1844–1914) * Stefan Heidemann * David Hendin * George Hill (1867–1948) * Thomas Hockenhull * Chris Howgego * Octavian Iliescu (1919–2009) * Lutz Ilisch * Peter Ilisch * Friedrich Imhoof-Blumer (1838–1920) * Lyce Jankowski * Kenneth Jenkins (1918–2005) * A. Johnston *

Mark Jones (museum director) Sir Mark Ellis Powell Jones (born 5 February 1951) is a British art historian, numismatist and museum director. He was director of the Victoria and Albert Museum from 2001 to 2011, and then master of St Cross College, Oxford from 2011 to 201 ...

* Hans-Jörg Kellner (1920–2015) * John Kent (1928–2000) * Ryszard Kiersnowski (1925–2006) * Ulrich Klein * Eva Kolníková * Koray Konuk * Andrzej Kunisz * Jean Lafaurie (1914–2008) * Georges Le Rider (1928–2014) * Ivar Leimus * Nicholas Lowick * George MacDonald (1862–1940) * Dorota Malarczyk * Brita Malmer (1925–2013) * Harold Mattingly * Nicholas Mayhew * Kaelyn McGregor (1963-2007) * Andrew Meadows * Tony Merson (1950–2016) * Ya'akov Meshorer (1935–2004) * Michael Metcalf * William Metcalf * Vincenco Mirabella (1570–1624) * Jens-Christian Moesgaard *

Theodor Mommsen Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (; ; 30 November 1817 – 1 November 1903) was a German classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician and archaeologist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest classicists of the 19th ce ...

* T. Sam N. Moorhead * Cécile Morrisson * Nikola Moushmov * B. N. Mukherjee (1932–2013) * A. K. Narain (1925–2013) * Edward T. Newell * Eric P. Newman * Rosa Norström *

Ernest Oberlaender Ernest is a given name derived from the Germanic word ''ernst'', meaning "serious", often shortened to Ernie. Notable people and fictional characters with the name include: People *Archduke Ernest of Austria (1553–1595), son of Maximilian ...

Carlo Ottavio, Count Castiglione Count Carlo Ottavio Castiglioni (1784–1849) was an Italian philologist and numismatist. Life He was born of an ancient family at Milan, Italy, in 1784. He was descended from Baldassare Castiglione, the author of '' Il Cortegiano''. Early i ...

* Bernhard Overbeck (1942–2018) * Filippo Paruta (–1629) * Vasiliki Penna (1951–2018) * Pippa Pearce * Elizabeth Pirie * Arent Pol * Adrian Popescu * * Vsevolod M. Potin (1918–2005) * Constantin Preda (1925–2008) * Martin Price (numismatist) * P.P. Ripolles * Louis Robert * Anne Strachan Robertson (1910–1997) * Desiré-Raoul Rochette * A. Rovelli * Joaquín Rubio y Muñoz *

Eduard Rüppell Wilhelm Peter Eduard Simon Rüppell, also spelled Rueppell (20 November 1794 – 10 December 1884) was a German Natural history, naturalist and List of explorers, explorer, best known for his collections and descriptions of plants and animals from ...

* Andrea Saccoci * Simone Scheers *

Gustave Schlumberger Gustave Léon Schlumberger (17 October 1844 – 9 May 1929) was a French historian and numismatist who specialised in the era of the crusades and the Byzantine Empire. His ' (1878–82) is still considered the principal work on the coinage of the ...

* Edith Schönert-Geiß * Jirí Sejbal (1929–2004) * Charles Seltman * Camillo Serafini * Jules Silvestre (1841–1918) *

Adolf Soetbeer Adolf Soetbeer (23 November 1814 – 22 October 1892) was a German economist, born at Hamburg. In 1840 he became librarian and in 1843 Secretary of the Hamburg Chamber of Commerce, where he laid the foundation of the excellent system of commercia ...

* Dmitry Sontsov * Frederic Soret * Attilo Stazio (1923–2010) * Johann Gustav Stickel * Stanislaw Suchodolski * Charles Surasky * Ioannis Svoronos (1863–1922) * Francois Thierry (numismatist) * Rudi Thomsen (1918–2004) * * Victor Tourneur * Lucia Travaini * Oluf Gerhard Tychsen * David Vagi * Leandre Villaronga i Garriga (1919–2015) * Johan van Heesch * Dorothy B. Waage * Helen Wang * Raymond Weiller * David Wigg-Wolf * Gareth Williams * Yordanka Youroukova * Benedikt Zaech * Jörgen Zoega * Mohit Kapoor * Alexander Nikolaevich Zograf

References

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