Nowa Dęba
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Nowa Dęba is a town in
Tarnobrzeg County __NOTOC__ Tarnobrzeg County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, south-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passe ...
,
Subcarpathian Voivodeship Subcarpathian Voivodeship is a Voivodeships of Poland, voivodeship, or province, in the southeastern corner of Poland. Its administrative capital and largest city is Rzeszów. Along with the Marshal, it is governed by the Subcarpathian Regional As ...
,
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...
, with a population of 11,310, as of 2 June 2009. Nowa Dęba belongs to historic
Lesser Poland Lesser Poland, often known by its Polish name ''Małopolska'' (; ), is a historical region situated in southern and south-eastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Kraków. Throughout centuries, Lesser Poland developed a separate cult ...
, and is located in the
Sandomierz Forest Sandomierz Forest () is one of the biggest forests in southern Poland; covering large parts of the Sandomierz Basin. Its name comes from the historical city of Sandomierz, and in the Middle Ages its eastern edge created a natural border between Le ...
, along
European route E371 The E 371 is part of the United Nations international E-road network. Approximately long, it runs from Radom, Poland south to Prešov, Slovakia.training area of the
Polish Army The Land Forces () are the Army, land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 110,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military histor ...
.


History

As of the late 19th century, there was a pottery industry in Dęba. The manor area belonged to the
Tarnowski family The House of Tarnowski (plural: Tarnowscy) is the name of a Poland, Polish Nobility, noble and aristocratic family (''szlachta''). Because Polish adjectives have different forms for the genders, Tarnowska is the form for a female family member. ...
. In the
interwar period In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period, also known as the interbellum (), lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II ( ...
, Dęba was administratively located in the Tarnobrzeg County in the
Lwów Voivodeship Lwów Voivodeship () was an administrative unit of interwar Poland (1918–1939). Because of the Nazi invasion of Poland in accordance with the secret Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, it became occupied by both the Wehrmacht and the Red Army in Septem ...
of Poland. According to the 1921 census, it had a population of 1,071, entirely
Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Polish people, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken * Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin ...
by nationality. Like
Stalowa Wola Stalowa Wola () is the largest city and capital of Stalowa Wola County with a population of 58,545 inhabitants, as at 31 December 2021. It is located in southeastern Poland in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship. The city lies in historic Lesser Poland ...
, Nowa Dęba is a town which owes its existence to the Central Industrial Region. In the late 1930s, the government of the
Second Polish Republic The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October 1939. The state was established in the final stage of World War I ...
decided to build the ''Ammunition Factory Nr. 3'' in the forest village of Dęba. The first manager of the plant was , who had previously been deputy manager of ''Ammunition Factory Nr. 2'' in
Skarżysko-Kamienna Skarżysko-Kamienna () is a city in northern Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship in south-central Poland by Kamienna (river), Kamienna river, to the north of Świętokrzyskie Mountains; one of the voivodship's major cities. Prior to 1928, it bore the name ...
, and the money to build the factory in Dęba came from a French military loan. The Polish government chose this location because of the already-existing Army training area, where ammunition was tested. In 1938, the construction of a workers’ settlement began, with a school, hospital, cafeteria, houses, swimming pool and blocks of flats. Following the German-Soviet
invasion of Poland The invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Second Polish Republic, Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak R ...
, which started
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
in September 1939, Dęba was occupied by Germany, and the factory and training area in Dęba were used by the Germans. In 1944, the settlement was captured by the
Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...
, and in the
People's Republic of Poland The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), and also often simply known as Poland, was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland. ...
, the ''Ammunition Factory Nr. 3'' was renamed to ''Metal Plant DEZAMET.'' Apart from military products, the plant also manufactured engines and
clothes iron A clothes iron (also flatiron, smoothing iron, dry iron, steam iron or simply iron) is a small appliance that, when heated, is used to press Clothing, clothes to remove Wrinkle, wrinkles and unwanted creases. Domestic irons generally range in o ...
s. Dęba was granted town rights on December 31, 1961, and on the same day, its name was changed to Nowa Dęba, or New Dęba.


Sports

Nowa Dęba has a sports club Stal Nowa Dęba, established in 1953.


International relations


Twin towns — Sister cities

* Sukhovolya,
Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...
Former twin towns: *
Fermoy Fermoy () is a town on the Munster Blackwater, River Blackwater in east County Cork, Ireland. As of the 2022 census of Ireland, 2022 census, the town and environs had a population of approximately 6,700 people. It is located in the barony (Ir ...
, Ireland On 12 October 2020, the Irish city of
Fermoy Fermoy () is a town on the Munster Blackwater, River Blackwater in east County Cork, Ireland. As of the 2022 census of Ireland, 2022 census, the town and environs had a population of approximately 6,700 people. It is located in the barony (Ir ...
ended its twin town partnership with Nowa Dęba as a reaction to the LGBT-free zone declaration adopted by the Polish city's authorities. On 28 January 2021, the Nowa Dęba's council voted to revoke the controversial declaration. The decision was welcomed by the LGBT community and activists.


References

;Notes


External links


Official town webpage
{{Gmina Nowa Dęba Cities and towns in Subcarpathian Voivodeship Tarnobrzeg County