''Notholebias'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

fish Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Rivulidae The Rivulidae are a family of killifishes in the order Cyprinodontiformes. They are commonly known as rivulids, South American killifish or New World killifish. The latter names are slightly misleading, however, as they are neither restricted to ...

. These

threatened Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of ''critical depensa ...

annual

killifish A killifish is any of various oviparous (egg-laying) cyprinodontiform fish (including families Aplocheilidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Profundulidae and Valenciidae). All together, there are 1,270 species of killifish, the biggest famil ...

are

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found els ...

temporary waters, like ponds, in the

Atlantic Forest The Atlantic Forest ( pt, Mata Atlântica) is a South American forest that extends along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Rio Grande do Norte state in the northeast to Rio Grande do Sul state in the south and inland as far as Paraguay and t ...

Rio de Janeiro state Rio de Janeiro () is one of the 27 federative units of Brazil. It has the second largest economy of Brazil, with the largest being that of the state of São Paulo. The state, which has 8.2% of the Brazilian population, is responsible for 9.2% of ...

, Brazil (the equally threatened killifish genera ''

Leptolebias ''Leptolebias'' is a ray-finned fish genus of the killifish family Rivulidae. Like many of their relatives, they are rather ambiguously known as " pearlfish". They are endemic to the coastal areas of Brazil, where they inhabit ephemeral pools in ...

'' and '' Nematolebias'' are restricted to the same state).Costa, W.J.E.M. & Amorim, P.F. (2013): Delimitation of cryptic species of ''Notholebias'', a genus of seasonal miniature killifishes threatened with extinction from the Atlantic Forest of south-eastern Brazil (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). ''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 24 (1): 63-72.'' They are small fish that are up to in

total length Fish measurement is the measuring of individual fish and various parts of their anatomies. These data are used in many areas of ichthyology, including taxonomy and fisheries biology. Overall length * Standard length (SL) is the length of a fish ...

. Like other killifish, the males are more colorful than females and the primary difference between the species is the male colors.

Species

''Notholebias'' was formerly included in ''

''. There are currently four recognized species of ''Notholebias'': * '' Notholebias cruzi'' ( W. J. E. M. Costa, 1988) * '' Notholebias fractifasciatus'' ( W. J. E. M. Costa, 1988) * '' Notholebias minimus'' ( G. S. Myers, 1942) (barredtail pearlfish) * '' Notholebias vermiculatus'' W. J. E. M. Costa & Amorim, 2013

References

Rivulidae Ray-finned fish genera {{Cyprinodontiformes-stub