Papa alessandro III illustrazione di spinello aretino particolare siena italia 03

''Non parum animus noster'' (

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

for "Our mind is deeply roubled) was a

crusading The crusading movement encompasses the framework of ideologies and institutions that described, regulated, and promoted the Crusades. The crusades were religious wars that the Latin Church initiated, supported, and sometimes directed during th ...

bull A bull is an intact (i.e., not Castration, castrated) adult male of the species ''Bos taurus'' (cattle). More muscular and aggressive than the females of the same species (i.e. cows proper), bulls have long been an important symbol cattle in r ...

issued by

Pope The pope is the bishop of Rome and the Head of the Church#Catholic Church, visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. He is also known as the supreme pontiff, Roman pontiff, or sovereign pontiff. From the 8th century until 1870, the po ...

Alexander III on either 11 September 1171 or 1172 to promote the

Northern Crusades The Northern Crusades or Baltic Crusades were Christianization campaigns undertaken by Catholic Church, Catholic Christian Military order (society), military orders and kingdoms, primarily against the paganism, pagan Balts, Baltic, Baltic Finns, ...

against the

pagan Paganism (, later 'civilian') is a term first used in the fourth century by early Christians for people in the Roman Empire who practiced polytheism, or ethnic religions other than Christianity, Judaism, and Samaritanism. In the time of the ...

Estonians Estonians or Estonian people () are a Finnic ethnic group native to the Baltic Sea region in Northern Europe, primarily their nation state of Estonia. Estonians primarily speak the Estonian language, a language closely related to other Finni ...

and

Finns Finns or Finnish people (, ) are a Baltic Finns, Baltic Finnic ethnic group native to Finland. Finns are traditionally divided into smaller regional groups that span several countries adjacent to Finland, both those who are native to these cou ...

.Eric Christiansen, ''The Northern Crusades'' (London: Penguin, 1997), p. 71. It was addressed to the rulers and peoples of

Denmark Denmark is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe. It is the metropole and most populous constituent of the Kingdom of Denmark,, . also known as the Danish Realm, a constitutionally unitary state that includes the Autonomous a ...

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...

and

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of ...

and begins with a description of the threat posed by the

.Iben Fonnesberg-Schmidt, ''The Popes and the Baltic Crusades: 1147-1254'' (Brill, 2007), p. 59. Alexander declared: Alexander further promised an indulgence and one year's remission of sin to those who fought the pagans. Those who died in this crusade would receive full indulgence: The sole copy of the bull to survive is in

Peter Cellensis Peter Cellensis, also known as Peter of Celle, Peter of Celles, Pierre de Celle and Peter de la Celle, (c. 1115 in Troyes – 20 February 1183, at Chartres) was a French Benedictine and bishop. Life He was born into an aristocratic family of Cha ...

' letter-book.Fonnesberg-Schmidt, p. 55, n. 117.

''Divini dispensatione''

Pope Eugenius III issued a papal bull called ''

Divini dispensatione ''Divina dispensatione'' is the name for two papal bulls issued by Pope Eugene III. The first was issued on 5 October 1146 to the clergy of Italy, urging Italians to join the Second Crusade.Giles Constable, 'The Second Crusade as seen by Contempor ...

'' in 1147, endorsing the brief

Wendish Crusade The Wendish Crusade () was a military campaign in 1147, one of the Northern Crusades, led primarily by the Kingdom of Germany within the Holy Roman Empire and directed against the Polabian Slavs (or "Wends"). The Wends were made up of the Slavic ...

, which was part of the

Notes

{{reflist 12th-century papal bulls Documents of Pope Alexander III Northern Crusades