NitrosBase is a Russian high-performance

multi-model database In the field of database design, a multi-model database is a database management system designed to support multiple data models against a single, integrated backend. In contrast, most database management systems are organized around a single data ...

system. The database system supports relational,

graph Graph may refer to: Mathematics *Graph (discrete mathematics), a structure made of vertices and edges **Graph theory, the study of such graphs and their properties *Graph (topology), a topological space resembling a graph in the sense of discret ...

and

document A document is a writing, written, drawing, drawn, presented, or memorialized representation of thought, often the manifestation of nonfiction, non-fictional, as well as fictional, content. The word originates from the Latin ', which denotes ...

database models.

History

The developer initially implemented the database as a

triplestore A triplestore or RDF store is a purpose-built database for the storage and retrieval of triples through semantic queries. A triple is a data entity composed of subject– predicate– object, like "Bob is 35" (i.e., Bob's age measured in years i ...

, being a

Semantic Web The Semantic Web, sometimes known as Web 3.0, is an extension of the World Wide Web through standards set by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The goal of the Semantic Web is to make Internet data machine-readable. To enable the encoding o ...

pioneer in

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

. Remodelling into a

was supported by the Skolkovo Innovation Center in 2017. The database is used in information systems that support the health-care reform in modern Russia.

Characteristics

In NitrosBase, all data are stored in the format of the internal graph model, while data in other models are their views (representations; similar to SQL views). Regardless of the model in which format data were imported, it is possible to query them using the same query language thereby uniformly addressing data imported in different models. Moreover, it is possible to query data in any model using a query language that is native for that model. NitrosBase supports the following languages: *

SQL Structured Query Language (SQL) (pronounced ''S-Q-L''; or alternatively as "sequel") is a domain-specific language used to manage data, especially in a relational database management system (RDBMS). It is particularly useful in handling s ...

(with elements of object syntax) – for querying data in relational view; *

SPARQL SPARQL (pronounced ":wikt:sparkle, sparkle", a recursive acronym for SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) is an RDF query language—that is, a Semantic Query, semantic query language for databases—able to retrieve and manipulate data sto ...

and

Gremlin A gremlin is a mischievous fictional creature invented at the beginning of the 20th century to originally explain malfunctions in aircraft, and later in other machinery, processes, and their operators. Depictions of these creatures vary widely. ...

-style language ''Graph-it'' – for querying data in

view; *

JSONiq JSONiq is a query and functional programming language that is designed to declaratively query and transform collections of hierarchical and heterogeneous data in format of JSON, XML, as well as unstructured, textual data. JSONiq is an open spec ...

and

MongoDB MongoDB is a source-available, cross-platform, document-oriented database program. Classified as a NoSQL database product, MongoDB uses JSON-like documents with optional database schema, schemas. Released in February 2009 by 10gen (now MongoDB ...

Query – for querying data in

view.

Implementation details

The internal graph model is close to RDF which is used in Blazegraph and Amazon Neptune. That allows it to treat the internal data graph both as RDF graph and as Property Graph, performing queries both in

and

-style languages. Instead of

indexes Index (: indexes or indices) may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Fictional entities * Index (A Certain Magical Index), Index (''A Certain Magical Index''), a character in the light novel series ''A Certain Magical Index'' * The Index, a ...

based on B+-trees traditionally used in

graph database A graph database (GDB) is a database that uses graph structures for semantic queries with nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data. A key concept of the system is the graph (or edge or relationship). The graph relates the dat ...

s, NitrosBase uses a sparse link index of its own devising. Another source of performance gain is storage optimization on the physical level in order to reduce the number of

random access Random access (also called direct access) is the ability to access an arbitrary element of a sequence in equal time or any datum from a population of addressable elements roughly as easily and efficiently as any other, no matter how many elemen ...

operations. Like memSQL, NitrosBase

translates Translation is the communication of the semantics, meaning of a #Source and target languages, source-language text by means of an Dynamic and formal equivalence, equivalent #Source and target languages, target-language text. The English la ...

a query into C++ code. NitrosBase is reported to support hardware acceleration technologies such as non-volatile memory and, in the clustered version, RDMA over InfiniBand.

Awards and achievements

A Nitrosbase-derived product called MS SQL Server Accelerator was awarded first prize at the Silicon Valley Open Doors conference in 2009 and named "startup of the day" of the Microsoft BizSpark program on 3 March 2010. The application solution "System of topological analysis of semantic networks" created on the basis of NitrosBase was awarded the main prize of the "ZUBR - 2008" award in the category “Novelty of the Year”.

References

{{reflist

External links

Official website
Graph databases Document-oriented databases Relational database management systems Proprietary database management systems