''Nitratiruptor'' sp. (strain SB155-2) is a genus of deep sea
gram-negative
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists ...
Campylobacterota
Campylobacterota are a phylum of Gram-negative bacteria.
Taxonomy
Until the 2021 revision of bacterial taxonomy by the ICSP, the entire phylum was classified within the Proteobacteria (synonym Pseudomonadota) as the Epsilonproteobacteria and ...
isolated from Iheya North Hydrothermal field in Okinawa Trough (Japan). This rod-shaped microorganism (0.5 x 1.5 μm) grows
chemolithoautotroph
Overview
Most chemoautotrophs are lithotrophs, using inorganic electron donors such as hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen gas, elemental sulfur, ammonium and ferrous oxide as reducing agents and hydrogen sources for biosynthesis and chemical ener ...
ically in a wide variety of electron donors and acceptors (i.e. sulfur, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrate) in absence of light and oxygen. It is also a thermophilic group capable of growing within the range of 37–65 °C with the optimal at 55 °C.
Genetic features
''Nitratiruptor'' sp. genome is composed by a single circular chromosome of 1,877,931 bp with the GC content of 43.8% and 39.7%. Due to the geochemical variability in the deep-sea hydrothermal vents, ''Nitratiruptor'' sp. displays a metabolic versatility to adapt to this hostile environments which includes sharp gradients in energy sources, electron acceptors or carbon sources. For instance, due to the metal-rich fluids characterizing this areas, a total of 17 genes related with transports systems and detoxification mechanisms of heavy metals (including As, Cd and Cu) were described. Despite this not being a pathogenic bacterium, it possess some virulence genes (including virulence factor mviN, hemolysin or N-linked glycosylation gene cluster) which provide insights into the origins of virulence in their pathogenic relatives, ''Helicobacter'' and ''Campylobacter'' species.
Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclatu ...
(LPSN)
and
National Center for Biotechnology Information
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The NCBI is lo ...
(NCBI)
See also
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List of bacterial orders
This article lists the orders of the Bacteria. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
and the phylogeny is based on 16 ...
*
List of bacteria genera
This article lists the genera of the bacteria
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, ...
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q21214874
Campylobacterota
Lithoautotrophs
Bacteria genera
Monotypic bacteria genera