Nikolai Dmitrievich Brashman (; ; June 14, 1796 – ) was a Russian

mathematician A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, mathematical structure, structure, space, Mathematica ...

Jewish-Austrian The history of the Jews in Austria starts after the Jewish diaspora, exodus of Jews from History of ancient Israel and Judah#Roman occupation, Judea under Roman occupation. There have been Jews in Austria since the 3rd century CE. Over the cour ...

origin. He was a student of

Joseph Johann Littrow Joseph Johann von Littrow (13 March 1781, Horšovský Týn () – 30 November 1840, Vienna) was an Austrian astronomer. In 1837, he was ennobled with the title Joseph Johann Edler von Littrow. He was the father of Karl Ludwig Edler von Littrow a ...

, and the advisor of

Pafnuty Chebyshev Pafnuty Lvovich Chebyshev ( rus, Пафну́тий Льво́вич Чебышёв, p=pɐfˈnutʲɪj ˈlʲvovʲɪtɕ tɕɪbɨˈʂof) ( – ) was a Russian mathematician and considered to be the founding father of Russian mathematics. Chebysh ...

and

August Davidov August Yulevich Davidov () (December 15, 1823 – December 22, 1885) was a Russian mathematician and engineer, professor at Moscow University, and author of works on differential equations with partial derivatives, definite integrals, and the appl ...

. He was born in Neu-Raußnitz (today

Rousínov Rousínov (until 1921 Nový Rousínov; ) is a town in Vyškov District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 6,000 inhabitants. Administrative division Rousínov consists of seven municipal parts (in brackets population ...

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...

, then in

Austrian Empire The Austrian Empire, officially known as the Empire of Austria, was a Multinational state, multinational European Great Powers, great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the Habsburg monarchy, realms of the Habsburgs. Duri ...

) and studied at the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (, ) is a public university, public research university in Vienna, Austria. Founded by Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria, Duke Rudolph IV in 1365, it is the oldest university in the German-speaking world and among the largest ...

and Vienna Polytechnic Institute. In 1824 he moved to

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

and then accepted a position at the

Kazan University Kazan Federal University (; ) is a public research university located in Kazan, Russia. The university was founded in 1804 as Imperial Kazan University, which makes it the second oldest continuously existing tertiary education institution in Rus ...

. In 1834 he became a professor of applied mathematics at the

Moscow University Moscow State University (MSU), officially M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University,. is a public research university in Moscow, Russia. The university includes 15 research institutes, 43 faculties, more than 300 departments, and six branches. Al ...

. There he is best remembered as a founder of the

Moscow Mathematical Society The Moscow Mathematical Society (MMS) is a society of Moscow mathematicians aimed at the development of mathematics in Russia. It was created in 1864, and Victor Vassiliev is the current president. History The first meeting of the society w ...

and its journal ''

Matematicheskii Sbornik ''Matematicheskii Sbornik'' (, abbreviated ''Mat. Sb.'') is a peer reviewed Russian mathematical journal founded by the Moscow Mathematical Society in 1866. It is the oldest successful Russian mathematical journal. The English translation is ''Sbor ...

''.. For his mechanics textbook, in 1836 Brashman was awarded the

Demidov Prize The Demidov Prize () is a national scientific prize in Russia awarded annually to the members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Originally awarded from 1832 to 1866 in the Russian Empire, it was revived by the government of Russia's Sverdlovsk ...

by the

Russian Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation; and additional scientific and social units such ...

. The academy elected him a corresponding member in 1855. He died in

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

in 1866.

References

Bibliography

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Brashman, Nikolai 1796 births 1866 deaths Russian Jews People from Rousínov Moravian Jews 19th-century mathematicians from the Russian Empire Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences Demidov Prize laureates University of Vienna alumni TU Wien alumni Academic staff of Imperial Moscow University Emigrants from the Austrian Empire to the Russian Empire