NEXUS is a joint

Canada Border Services Agency The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA; , ''ASFC'') is a federal law enforcement agency that is responsible for border guard, border control (i.e. protection and surveillance), immigration enforcement, and Customs, customs services in Canada. ...

and

U.S. Customs and Border Protection United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is the largest federal law enforcement agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security. It is the country's primary border control organization, charged with regulating and facilita ...

-operated Trusted Traveler and expedited border control program designed for pre-approved, low-risk travelers. Members of the program can avoid waits at border entry points by using reserved lanes at land crossings into Canada and the United States (including from Mexico), by using self-serve kiosks at airports in Canada, the US and some international locations, or by phoning border officials for a marine entry. A NEXUS membership card is a valid document under the

Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative The Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) is the implementation of a requirement to show a passport or other acceptable document to enter the United States, for nationals of certain North American jurisdictions who were previously exempt fr ...

(WHTI), so it can be used in place of a

passport A passport is an official travel document issued by a government that certifies a person's identity and nationality for international travel. A passport allows its bearer to enter and temporarily reside in a foreign country, access local aid ...

, including by air if flying between the US and Canada. However, carrying a valid passport is still recommended, in the rare event that a flight is diverted to an airport without NEXUS support.

History

NEXUS began as a pilot project in 2000 at the

Port Huron–Sarnia border crossing The Port Huron–Sarnia Border Crossing connects the cities of Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario. It is located at the Blue Water Bridge at the St. Clair River. Both the US and Canada border stations are open 24 hours per day. The US Cu ...

to reduce traffic congestion. At the time, delay-free crossing was available via two independent programs— Port Pass, for crossing into the U.S., and CanPass, for those entering Canada. Customs officials began taking NEXUS applications in October 2000, and the program began operation on November 28, 2000, using a dedicated lane at the

Blue Water Bridge The Blue Water Bridge is a twin-span international bridge across the St. Clair River that links Port Huron, Michigan, United States, and Point Edward, Ontario, Canada. The Blue Water Bridge connects Highway 402 in Ontario with both Interst ...

. Interest in the program was very high, with 550 approved and 2000 total applicants in the eight-week period leading up to that day. The pilot program was set to last six months, after which it would be put to an independent third party evaluation. As a result of the

September 11, 2001 attacks The September 11 attacks, also known as 9/11, were four coordinated Islamist terrorist suicide attacks by al-Qaeda against the United States in 2001. Nineteen terrorists hijacked four commercial airliners, crashing the first two into ...

, the NEXUS lanes were closed and applications suspended while security measures associated with the

Smart Border Declaration The ''Smart Border Declaration'' is a binational agreement signed on December 12, 2001 between the United States and Canada. The aim of the agreement was to continually improve border security, information sharing, infrastructure protection, and ...

were implemented. The NEXUS lanes on the Blue Water Bridge reopened in December 2001. NEXUS officially launched in September 2002 along with the

Free and Secure Trade The Free and Secure Trade (FAST) program is a joint United States-Canadian program between the Canada Border Services Agency and the U.S. Customs and Border Protection. The FAST initiative offers pre-authorized importers, carriers and drivers expe ...

(FAST) program in a joint announcement by President

George W. Bush George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American politician and businessman who was the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. A member of the Bush family and the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, he i ...

and Prime Minister

Jean Chretien Jean may refer to: People * Jean (female given name) * Jean (male given name) * Jean (surname) Fictional characters * Jean Grey, a Marvel Comics character * Jean Valjean, fictional character in novel ''Les Misérables'' and its adaptations * Jean ...

held at the

Ambassador Bridge The Ambassador Bridge is an international suspension bridge across the Detroit River that connects Detroit, Detroit, Michigan, United States, with Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Opened in 1929, the toll bridge is the busiest international border cros ...

Eligibility

To qualify for the program, an applicant must be a citizen or permanent resident of Canada or the United States or citizen of Mexico who holds a

Viajero Confiable Programa Viajero Confiable () is a Mexican program which allows members to pass securely through customs and immigration controls in reduced time, by using automated border control systems at select airports. The program, part of the Western Hemis ...

membership. Permanent residents of the United States or Canada may need to reside in their respective country for three years before applying for NEXUS membership. A previous requirement to have resided in either country for three years has been removed to allow Canadian and American citizens living abroad, and those who have recently returned, to apply for NEXUS. Applicants must also be legally admissible to both Canada and the United States, must have complied with immigration and customs regulations during previous travel, and must undergo a criminal history check. Additionally, if the applicant is under 18, both parents must provide their written consent or attend the interview.

Application process

NEXUS applications are submitted online via the

website. Prior to October 2024, the application fee was US$50. Effective October 1, 2024, the application fee is US$120, but is waived for applicants under the age of 18. Applicants are screened for citizenship and immigration status, and checked for criminal history and positive matches on U.S.

Federal Bureau of Investigation The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic Intelligence agency, intelligence and Security agency, security service of the United States and Federal law enforcement in the United States, its principal federal law enforcement ag ...

(FBI),

Canadian Security Intelligence Service The Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS, ; , ''SCRS'') is a Intelligence agency, foreign intelligence service and security agency of the Government of Canada, federal government of Canada. It is responsible for gathering, processing, a ...

(CSIS),

Royal Canadian Mounted Police The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP; , GRC) is the Law enforcement in Canada, national police service of Canada. The RCMP is an agency of the Government of Canada; it also provides police services under contract to 11 Provinces and terri ...

(RCMP),

Interpol The International Criminal Police Organization – INTERPOL (abbreviated as ICPO–INTERPOL), commonly known as Interpol ( , ; stylized in allcaps), is an international organization that facilitates worldwide police cooperation and crime cont ...

terrorism and no-fly list,

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is the Earth, global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the stated purpose of maintaining international peace and internationa ...

databases, and the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

Police National Computer The Police National Computer (PNC) is a database used by law enforcement organisations across the United Kingdom and other non-law enforcement agencies. Originally developed in the early 1970s, PNC1 went 'live' in 1974, providing UK police for ...

. Applicants who pass the initial screening are granted "conditional approval" and then must be interviewed in person by agents of both the

and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (typically one right after the other or at the same time). That is, members must interview with both agencies (unlike

Global Entry Global Entry is a program of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection service that allows pre-approved, low-risk travelers to receive expedited clearance upon arrival into the United States through automatic kiosks at select airports and via the S ...

, another Trusted Traveler Program via US Customs and Border Protection only). An interview does not guarantee final acceptance even if the applicant was granted conditional approval. After final approval, members are mailed an

RFID Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. An RFID system consists of a tiny radio transponder called a tag, a radio receiver, and a transmitter. When tri ...

-enabled NEXUS card, valid for five years from the applicant's birthday following card issuance. Renewal typically takes place six months prior to expiration, and some members may be selected to attend another interview to verify that they still qualify for the program. Shortly after the announcement of the US requirement for a WHTI document for all travelers by 2009, CBP and CBSA announced their commitment to streamline the membership renewal process for the NEXUS program, and now will waive the interview for members who have not had changes to their information and have maintained their low-risk status. The United States and Canada also announced that they had begun enrollment blitzes to expedite the processing of NEXUS applications and had launched an outreach and awareness plan to increase membership in NEXUS.

Viajero Confiable Program

Mexican nationals who are also members of Mexico's

Program may apply for the NEXUS Program online as of 2016. US citizens who are members of Global Entry and meet other requirements may apply for the Viajero Confiable card. At the 2016 North American Leaders’ Summit it was announced that by the end of 2016, "Canadian and American citizens who are members of the NEXUS Program will be eligible to apply to the Viajero Confiable Program, providing them with expedited immigration screening upon arrival at select international airports in Mexico."

Use at land crossings

NEXUS cardholders are generally screened more quickly than non-NEXUS cardholders at Canadian and United States border crossings offering NEXUS, Ready and

SENTRI The Secure Electronic Network for Travelers Rapid Inspection (SENTRI) provides expedited U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) processing, at the U.S.–Mexico border, of pre-approved travelers considered low-risk. Voluntary applicants must ...

lanes. However, such trusted travelers are still subject to standard immigration and customs checks, and may be selected for secondary screening. This is true for any type of border crossing, regardless of which Trusted Traveler Program the person is a member.

Entering Canada by land

Participating border crossing points typically have one lane solely reserved for NEXUS use, and some will also designate a second lane for NEXUS use on an as-needed basis. A vehicle can only use the NEXUS lane if all of its passengers (including children) hold a valid NEXUS card and nothing requiring a special

customs declaration A customs declaration is a Form (document), form that lists the details of goods that are being imported or exported when a citizen or visitor enters a customs territory (country's borders). Most countries require travellers to complete a customs d ...

or payment of duty is being brought into Canada (see below). Members may also use Ready Lanes when entering the US from Canada or Mexico.

Entering the US by land

NEXUS cards are valid for RFID Ready Lanes at land crossings into the United States from Canada and Mexico. Ready lanes do not exist in the opposite direction of crossing. Along the Mexican border, NEXUS members may utilize

Secure Electronic Network for Travelers Rapid Inspection The Secure Electronic Network for Travelers Rapid Inspection (SENTRI) provides expedited U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) processing, at the Mexico–United States border, U.S.–Mexico border, of pre-approved travelers considered low-ri ...

(SENTRI) lanes when entering the US by land, but must be traveling in an approved, registered vehicle (SENTRI requires members to register their vehicles into the program, which involves a thorough inspection by CBP, whereas NEXUS has no such requirement). Regardless of whether the traveler is in an approved vehicle or not, the NEXUS card is a WHTI compliant document, and may be used in any standard lane from Mexico into the United States as proof of identity and citizenship. Pedestrians can use dedicated SENTRI lines for expedited entry into the U.S. from

Tijuana Tijuana is the most populous city of the Mexican state of Baja California, located on the northwestern Pacific Coast of Mexico. Tijuana is the municipal seat of the Tijuana Municipality, the hub of the Tijuana metropolitan area and the most popu ...

at the San Ysidro border crossing.

Items permitted in a NEXUS lane

* Alcohol within a traveler's personal entitlement (the traveler must be out of country of residence for 48 hours) * Tobacco products that are marked "Canada-Duty Paid" * Gifts up to $60 each (into Canada) or up to $100 total (into the United States) * Any reasonable amounts of personal effects

Land crossings with NEXUS lanes

Alberta Alberta is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province in Canada. It is a part of Western Canada and is one of the three Canadian Prairies, prairie provinces. Alberta is bordered by British Columbia to its west, Saskatchewan to its east, t ...

Montana Montana ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota to the east, South Dakota to the southeast, Wyoming to the south, an ...

: ** Coutts, AB/Sweetgrass, MT *

British Columbia British Columbia is the westernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Situated in the Pacific Northwest between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains, the province has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that ...

Washington Washington most commonly refers to: * George Washington (1732–1799), the first president of the United States * Washington (state), a state in the Pacific Northwest of the United States * Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States ** A ...

: ** Abbotsford, BC-Huntingdon/Sumas, Washington, Sumas, WA ** Boundary Bay/Point Roberts, Washington, Point Roberts, WA ** Douglas/Peace Arch (Surrey, British Columbia, Surrey, BC/Blaine, Washington, Blaine, WA) ** Pacific Highway/Blaine, Washington, Blaine, WA * Manitoba , North Dakota: ** Emerson, Manitoba, Emerson, MB/Pembina, North Dakota, Pembina, ND * New Brunswick , Maine: ** St. Stephen, NB (3rd Bridge)/Calais, Maine, Calais, ME ** Woodstock, NB/Houlton, Maine, Houlton, ME * Ontario , Michigan / Minnesota / New York (state): **

(Windsor, Ontario, Windsor, ON/Detroit) **

(Sarnia, Sarnia, ON/Port Huron, Michigan, Port Huron, MI) (also special NEXUS lane on the bridge and entering from Canadian side) ** Detroit-Windsor Tunnel (Windsor, Ontario, Windsor, ON/Detroit) (also special NEXUS lane when entering from Canadian side) ** Fort Frances, ON/International Falls, MN ** Peace Bridge (Fort Erie, Ontario, Fort Erie, ON/Buffalo, New York, Buffalo) ** Queenston-Lewiston Bridge (NEXUS available Canada-bound only). ** Rainbow Bridge (Niagara Falls), Rainbow Bridge (Niagara Falls, Ontario, Niagara Falls, ON/Niagara Falls, New York, Niagara Falls, NY) (NEXUS available US-bound only. Canada-bound lane discontinued in January 2011) ** Sault Ste. Marie International Bridge (Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Sault Ste. Marie, ON/Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, Sault Ste. Marie, MI) ** Thousand Islands Bridge (Hill Island, Ont/Wellesley Island NY) (NEXUS available US-bound only) ** Whirlpool Rapids Bridge (Niagara Falls, Ontario, Niagara Falls, ON/Niagara Falls, New York, Niagara Falls, NY) (NEXUS traffic only) * Quebec , New York (state), New York State / Vermont: ** Derby Line-Rock Island (Derby Line, Vermont, Stanstead, Quebec), (limited hours CAN-bound, N/A US-bound) ** Highgate Springs–St. Armand/Philipsburg Border Crossing (St. Armand-Philipsburg/Highgate Springs, Vermont, Highgate Springs, VT) (limited hours US-bound, 24/7 Canada-bound) **St. Bernard-de-Lacolle/Champlain, New York, Champlain, NY

Use at marine crossings

NEXUS members can report to approximately 450 designated sites in Canada or land in the United States by phoning CBSA or CBP as applicable between 30 minutes and 4 hours before landing with specified information and appropriate declarations.

Use at airports

Canada

NEXUS members entering Canada from anywhere in the world may use a NEXUS machine to make customs declarations. NEXUS originally used iris scans for authentication in these kiosks, but starting in fall 2019 iris scanning has been replaced by facial recognition. If there is no facial scan on file with the CBSA the user will be prompted to scan their passport and face for subsequent use. US and Canadian citizens may fly between the US and Canada using their NEXUS card, without the need for a passport. NEXUS allows travelers flying from many Canadian airports, even on domestic flights, to bypass the regular security screening line and use an expedited trusted traveler line. Starting June 21 2023 CATSA's new Verified Traveller program introduced additional security screening benefits for NEXUS members.

Airports with customs and priority security screening

* Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport (Toronto island) * Calgary International Airport * Edmonton International Airport * Halifax International Airport, Halifax Robert L. Stanfield International Airport * Montréal-Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport * Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport * Toronto Pearson International Airport * Vancouver International Airport * Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport

Airports with priority security screening only

* Charlottetown Airport * Greater Moncton International Airport * Kelowna International Airport * Québec City Jean Lesage International Airport * Regina International Airport * Saskatoon John G. Diefenbaker International Airport * St. John's International Airport * Victoria International Airport

United States

NEXUS fits with the US Global Entry program for expedited customs and immigration clearance. It also affords users TSA PreCheck (without a separate application) for expedited airport security checks. As in all cases, this benefit is not guaranteed: all persons are subject to any kind of screening and may be randomly selected for standard security lanes (though in practice, such selection is rare).

U.S. Global Entry

All NEXUS members can use their NEXUS membership at Global Entry kiosks regardless of where they are coming from, though NEXUS card facilities are only available at preclearance areas in Canada; however, in other areas, a passport or a U.S. permanent resident card is required. Those using a Global Entry kiosk do not need to fill out a customs declaration card: instead, it is completed digitally on the kiosk (an option for no to all/nothing to declare appears on the GE kiosk, saving even more time, when applicable). If the member needs to see an immigration officer, they get front-of-line privileges (as with all Global Entry members). Travelers holding a valid passport are not required to use the NEXUS card in the kiosk, but they are advised that it is prudent to carry it on their person. There is no additional cost to use Global Entry services, and it can be used for the duration of the NEXUS membership. Canadian and US citizens flying between Canada and the US may use a NEXUS card in lieu of a passport because a NEXUS card is a Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative, WHTI compliant document. However, Canadian citizens with only a NEXUS card can only use Global Entry kiosks at designated Canadian airports with US preclearance, which are listed below and include Global Entry self-service kiosks: * Calgary International Airport (YYC) * Edmonton International Airport (YEG) * Halifax Stanfield International Airport (YHZ) * Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport (YUL) * Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport (YOW) * Toronto Pearson International Airport (YYZ) * Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport (YWG) * Vancouver International Airport (YVR) Global Entry kiosks are also located at the following airports in the United States and internationally: * Anchorage – Ted Stevens International Airport (ANC) * Austin – Austin–Bergstrom International Airport (AUS) * Baltimore/Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport (BWI) * Boston Logan International Airport (BOS) * Burlington International Airport (BTV) * * Charlotte Douglas International Airport (CLT) * Chicago Midway International Airport (MDW) * * Chicago O'Hare International Airport (ORD) * Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport (CVG) * Cleveland Hopkins International Airport (CLE) * Dallas Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) * Denver International Airport (DEN) * Detroit Metropolitan Airport (DTW) * Fairbanks International Airport (FAI) * Fort Lauderdale–Hollywood International Airport (FLL) * George Bush Intercontinental Airport, Houston (IAH) * Guam Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport (GUM) * Harry Reid International Airport, Las Vegas (LAS) * Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL) * Honolulu Daniel K. Inouye International Airport (HNL) * John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York (JFK) * John Wayne Airport, Orange County/Santa Ana CA (SNA) * * Lambert St. Louis International Airport (STL) * Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) * Miami International Airport (MIA) * Milwaukee Mitchell International Airport (MKE) * Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport (MSP) * Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR) * Oakland International Airport (OAK) * * Orlando International Airport (MCO) * Orlando Sanford International Airport (SFB) * Philadelphia International Airport (PHL) * Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport (PHX) * Pittsburgh International Airport (PIT) * Portland International Airport (PDX) * Raleigh–Durham International Airport (RDU) * * Saipan International Airport (SPN) * * Salt Lake City International Airport (SLC) * San Antonio International Airport (SAT) * San Diego International Airport (SAN) * San Francisco International Airport (SFO) * San Jose International Airport (SJC) * * San Juan Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport (SJU) * Seattle–Tacoma International Airport/SeaTac (SEA) * Tampa International Airport (TPA) * Washington Dulles International Airport (IAD) * Abu Dhabi Zayed International Airport (AUH) * * Aruba Queen Beatrix International Airport (AUA) * * Shannon Airport (SNN) * * Nassau Lynden Pindling International Airport, Bahamas (NAS) * * Dublin Airport (DUB) *

TSA PreCheck

Canadian and US citizens as well as U.S. permanent residents who are NEXUS members may use TSA PreCheck on all participating airlines, for check-in on both international and domestic US flights, by entering the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Customs and Border Protection PASS ID / KTN (Known Traveler Number) from their NEXUS card into their flight reservation information or into their frequent flyer account. Note that this only applies to flights departing from the U.S. and for select airports with U.S. Preclearance facilities (such as in Canada and Ireland). In other words, those undergoing screening in a foreign flight destined for the U.S. or Canada are not entitled to expedited screening (unless they are a member of a joint program, such as those offered in South Korea, Australia, et al.).

Legal status of NEXUS card

In the United States, a trusted traveler card, such as NEXUS, is a valid secured document under the

and may be used by itself to reenter the United States from Canada, including (in the case of NEXUS specifically) by air. Although the card creates a ''presumption'' of nationality, neither US nor Canadian law views the NEXUS card as full proof of citizenship. NEXUS cards issued after September 2010 are accepted as proof of citizenship (if the card holder is a citizen of either country), and the traveler is no longer required to carry the passport. NEXUS and FAST membership cards are accepted as proof of identity and as documents that denote citizenship when entering Canada at all land and marine ports of entry. This means that citizens of Canada and the United States who are NEXUS or FAST members, and are carrying their valid membership cards, are no longer required to carry other supplementary documents such as passports or birth certificates with them when entering Canada by boat or by land, when using non-NEXUS or non-FAST lanes. NEXUS and FAST members who are not citizens of Canada or the United States are still required to travel with a passport and proof of permanent residence, and they are required to present them at same time to the examining officer. For form Form I-9, I-9 employment verification, a NEXUS card is an acceptable List B identity document as an ID card issued by a federal agency.

References

External links

* Official American site. * Official Canadian site. {{DEFAULTSORT:NEXUS Canada–United States border Canada–Mexico relations United States Department of Homeland Security Expedited border crossing schemes Borders of the United States Mexico–United States border 2009 establishments in Canada 2009 establishments in the United States Identity documents of Canada Identity documents of the United States Canada Border Services Agency