Neuhofen is a municipality in the

Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis The Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis () is a district (''Kreis'') in the east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) the district-free city Worms, Germany, Worms, the district Bergstraße (district), Bergstraße, dis ...

, in

Rhineland-Palatinate Rhineland-Palatinate ( , ; ; ; ) is a western state of Germany. It covers and has about 4.05 million residents. It is the ninth largest and sixth most populous of the sixteen states. Mainz is the capital and largest city. Other cities are ...

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

. It is situated approximately 7 km south of

Ludwigshafen Ludwigshafen, officially Ludwigshafen am Rhein (; meaning "Ludwig I of Bavaria, Ludwig's Port upon the Rhine"; Palatine German dialects, Palatine German: ''Ludwichshafe''), is a List of cities and towns in Germany, city in the German state of Rh ...

History

Starting point of Neuhofen was the declined village Medenheim, east of Neuhofen. Being property of the monastery

Wissembourg Wissembourg (; South Franconian: ''Weisseburch'' ; German: ''Weißenburg'' ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in northeastern France. Wissembourg was a sub-prefecture of the department until 2015. The name ''Wissembourg'' ...

since the 10th century, 1194 Medenheim was sold to the Cistercian monastery Himmerod. The

Cistercians The Cistercians (), officially the Order of Cistercians (, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint Benedict, as well as the contri ...

founded the farm ''Nova Curia'' („New Farm“ or „Neuer Hof“ in German) near Medenheim. More and more people from Medenheim moved to the new farm, and Medenheim declined.

Historical Buildings and Sights

Image:Old_Tobacco_House_Neuhofen.jpg , Neuhofen ''Tabac Haus''

Timeline

* 9 May 1194 The area of Neuhofen became property of the

of Himmerod. The document stating this was testified by Henry VI, Emperor of the

Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor. It developed in the Early Middle Ages, and lasted for a millennium ...

. (''"Kaiser Heinrich VI. bekundet, dass durch seine Hände, Abt Gottfried von Weißenburg mit seinen Mitbrüdern und Ministerialie das Hofgut in Medenheim und Rechholz, das Eberhard von Ried vom Kloster Weißenburg zu

Lehen Lehen may refer to: * List of places called Lehen * Ľudovít Lehen (1925–2014), Slovak artist, sculptor and author * Tuure Lehén (1893–1976), Finnish-Soviet politician, philosopher and historian See also

* * Lehner (disambiguation) * ...

trug, an Abt Herman von Himmerod und sein Kloster zu Eigentum übertragen hat."'') * 1194 The

did not settle in the village of Medenheim, but at a mill on the "Rehbach" stream. * 1209 Neuhofen's name (in Latin ''Nova Curia'') was first mentioned in a document of the Bishop of Speyer about a conflict between the cloister of Himmerod and the farmers of

Mutterstadt Mutterstadt is a municipality in the Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Though classified as rural the municipality does contain urbanized areas. It is situated approximately 7 km southwest of the city center of Ludwigshaf ...

. * 1220 The old church of Medenheim was torn down * 1318 Bishop Emich of

Speyer Speyer (, older spelling ; ; ), historically known in English as Spires, is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate in the western part of the Germany, Federal Republic of Germany with approximately 50,000 inhabitants. Located on the left bank of the r ...

permits the construction of a new church in Neuhofen. The patron saint of the new church is

Michael Michael may refer to: People * Michael (given name), a given name * he He ..., a given name * Michael (surname), including a list of people with the surname Michael Given name * Michael (bishop elect)">Michael (surname)">he He ..., a given nam ...

. * 1318 The cloister of Himmerod sells Neuhofen, but keeps the right to levy tax. * 1349 Destruction of the castle of Neuhofen * 1449 Destruction of Neuhofen in the war about the succession of

Louis IV, Count Palatine of the Rhine Louis IV, Count Palatine of the Rhine (1 January 1424, Heidelberg – 13 August 1449, Worms) was an Elector Palatine of the Rhine from the House of Wittelsbach in 1436 - 1449. Biography Louis IV was the son of Louis III, Elector Palatine and ...

* 1543 In the

Protestant Reformation The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation, was a time of major theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the papacy and ...

Neuhofen changes denomination. * 1584 The river

Rhine The Rhine ( ) is one of the List of rivers of Europe, major rivers in Europe. The river begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps. It forms part of the Swiss-Liechtenstein border, then part of the Austria–Swit ...

changes its course, this is the origin of the Neuhöfer Altrhein (a lake marking the earlier course of the river) * 1618 - 1648 In the

Thirty Years' War The Thirty Years' War, fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in History of Europe, European history. An estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died from battle, famine ...

Neuhofen is looted and destroyed many times. Its inhabitants move to the surrounding towns. Only few families return after the war,

Huguenot The Huguenots ( , ; ) are a Religious denomination, religious group of French people, French Protestants who held to the Reformed (Calvinist) tradition of Protestantism. The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, ...

s settle in Neuhofen. * 1637 Plague * between 1688 and 1697 destruction in the Palatine Succession War * 1797 - 1815 Neuhofen and the

Palatine A palatine or palatinus (Latin; : ''palatini''; cf. derivative spellings below) is a high-level official attached to imperial or royal courts in Europe since Roman Empire, Roman times.

west of the

are part of the

French Republic France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

( Départements Mont-Tonnerre) * 19th century the railway to

Saarbrücken Saarbrücken (; Rhenish Franconian: ''Sabrigge'' ; ; ; ; ) is the capital and largest List of cities and towns in Germany, city of the state of Saarland, Germany. Saarbrücken has 181,959 inhabitants and is Saarland's administrative, commerci ...

was built by

Paul Camille von Denis Paul Camille Denis, later von Denis, (28 June 1796 – 3 September 1872) was an engineer, railway pioneer and participant in the Hambach Festival, the German political protest of 1832. Denis was born at Château des Salles in Montier-en-Der, in ...

; between

and Neuhofen a railway station was built * 1852 the sugar refinery on the Friedensau was put into operation; Neuhofen begins to turn into a residence for workers * 1865 the

BASF BASF SE (), an initialism of its original name , is a European Multinational corporation, multinational company and the List of largest chemical producers, largest chemical producer in the world. Its headquarters are located in Ludwigshafen, Ge ...

was founded in

Mannheim Mannheim (; Palatine German language, Palatine German: or ), officially the University City of Mannheim (), is the List of cities in Baden-Württemberg by population, second-largest city in Baden-Württemberg after Stuttgart, the States of Ger ...

and moved to

. In Ludwigshafen more chemical companies were founded, more and more workers settled in Neuhofen.

Population

* 1585: 200 persons (according to a tax list, 53 families) * 1655: 28 persons (after the

) * 1700: 90 persons * 1802: 502 persons (333 Reformed, 87 Lutheran, 93 Catholic) * 1835: 1015 persons (826 Evangelical, 186 Catholic, 4 Jewish) * 1867: 1453 persons (1166 Evangelical, 202 Catholic, 18 Jewish) * 1905: 2464 persons (2022 Evangelical, 396 Catholic, 33 Jewish, 13 of other religion according to a census) * In

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

87 soldiers from Neuhofen are killed in action. * 1930: 3060 persons * In

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

soldiers from Neuhofen are killed in action; 67 are missing till today; 13 people from Neuhofen get killed because of their "race" or political beliefs. * 1950: 3641 persons (according to a census) * 1970: 5291 persons (according to a census) * 1995: 7262 persons * 2006: 7297 persons

Notable people

Manfred Kaltz Manfred Kaltz (born 6 January 1953) is a German former football player and manager, who played as a right-back. Kaltz played in the Bundesliga for Hamburger SV and 13 times (one goal) for FC Mulhouse in Ligue 1 after initially joining Mulhouse ...

, football player * Karl Striebinger, football player

References

{{Authority control Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis