Nesher
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Nesher () is a city in the
Haifa District Haifa District () is an administrative district surrounding the city of Haifa in Israel. The district is one of the seven administrative districts of Israel, and its capital is Haifa. The district land area is 864 km2 (299.3 mi2). D ...
of
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...
. In it had a population of . It was founded in 1923 as a workers town for the Nesher Cement factory, the first cement factory in the country.


History

Nesher was founded in 1924 as a workers town for the Nesher Cement factory, established in September 1923 by Michael Pollack, a Jewish industrialist from Russia. The area was swampy and malaria-infested, but employees of the factory gradually moved there with their families, bringing the population to 1,500. Nesher was floated as a public company in 1925.Haifa: Transformation of an Arab Society 1918-1939, May Seikaly
/ref> During the
1929 Palestine riots The 1929 Palestine riots, Buraq Uprising (, ) or the Events of 1929 (, , ''lit.'' Events of 5689 Anno Mundi), was a series of demonstrations and riots in late August 1929 in which a longstanding dispute between Palestinian Arabs and Jews ove ...
, Arabs from neighbouring
Balad al-Sheikh Balad al-Sheikh (traditional transliteration) or Balad ash-Shaykh (most recent form of transliteration; ) was a Palestinian people, Palestinian Arab village located just north of Mount Carmel, southeast of Haifa. Currently the town's land is loc ...
attacked the factory and burned down a farm. By the mid-1930s, Nesher Cement had 700 employees, both Jewish and Arab. In 1948, thousands of Jewish immigrants from Europe, Iraq and North Africa settled in Nesher. The town also expanded over the Palestinian village of
Balad al-Sheikh Balad al-Sheikh (traditional transliteration) or Balad ash-Shaykh (most recent form of transliteration; ) was a Palestinian people, Palestinian Arab village located just north of Mount Carmel, southeast of Haifa. Currently the town's land is loc ...
, immediately north-west of Old Nesher, after it was depopulated during the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine. A portion of the Tel Hanan neighborhood of the city was built over the village. In 1952, a local council was formed comprising four neighborhoods – Nesher, Giv’at Nesher, Ben-Dor and Tel Hanan. The first mayor was Yehuda Shimroni.


Demographics

CBS CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS (an abbreviation of its original name, Columbia Broadcasting System), is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainme ...
statistics for 2005 show Nesher's ethnic makeup as 99.5%
Jew Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, religion, and community are highly inte ...
ish and other non-Arabs. 30.7% of the population in 2005 were immigrants who came to Israel after 1990.


Education

The city's education system comprises six elementary schools, one comprehensive high school, two middle schools and 36 kindergartens and day care centers with an enrollment of 4,000 pupils. Over 70% of Nesher's high school students take the
Bagrut Te'udat Bagrut (, ''lit.'' "graduation certificate", Arabic: شهادة بجروت) is a certificate that attests that a student has successfully passed Israel's high school matriculation examination. Bagrut is a prerequisite for higher education ...
matriculation exams, with a pass rate of 98%, one of the highest rates in Israel. Nesher's high school won the Israeli Education Prize twice in the span of a decade.


Twinning and cultural exchange

In 2005, the
Broward County Broward County ( ) is a County (United States), county in Florida, United States, located in the Miami metropolitan area. It is Florida's second-most populous county after Miami-Dade County, Florida, Miami-Dade County and the List of the most ...
Jewish Federation established a partnership with Nesher in an effort to create a people-to-people cultural exchange program that includes high school and college student exchanges and video conferencing for events such as school celebrations and concerts.


Emblem

The municipal emblem was designed by David Hollod and approved at a local committee meeting on the 24th of October 1962. It includes multiple references: * The vulture represents the name of the city and the cement factory from its inception. * The 4 hills represent the mountainous terrain and the four original neighborhoods that constituted the settlement–Ben Dor, Tel Hanan, Nesher, and Givat Nesher. * The factory and chimney represent the industrial foundation the city was established upon. * The tree represents the growth and prosperity of the city over the years.


Gallery

File:The Portland Cement Company Nesher 058.jpg, Nesher Cement factory, 1924 File:Post office building in Nesher, 1938 (2500.0016.023).jpg, Post office building in Nesher, 1938 File:Balad esh Sheikh 1942.jpg, Nesher 1942 1:20,000 File:Haifa 1945.jpg, Nesher 1945 1:250,000


References


External links

* {{Authority control Cities in Israel Cities in Haifa District Populated places established in 1925 1925 establishments in Mandatory Palestine