The Neotominae are a
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...
of the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Cricetidae
The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At over 870 species, it is either the largest or second-largest family ...
. They consist of four tribes, 16
genera
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ...
, and many
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
of
New World rats and mice
The New World rats and mice are a group of related rodents found in North and South America. They are extremely diverse in appearance and ecology, ranging from the tiny '' Baiomys'' to the large '' Kunsia''. They represent one of the few example ...
, predominantly found in
North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South Ameri ...
. Among them are the well-known
deer mice
''Peromyscus'' is a genus of rodents. They are commonly referred to as deer mice or deermice, not to be confused with the chevrotain or "mouse deer". They are New World mice only distantly related to the common house and laboratory mouse, ''M ...
,
packrats, and
grasshopper mice.
Neotomines are related to the other two subfamilies of mice in the
New World
The term "New World" is used to describe the majority of lands of Earth's Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas, and sometimes Oceania."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: ...
, the
Sigmodontinae
The rodent subfamily Sigmodontinae includes New World rats and mice, with at least 376 species. Many authorities include the Neotominae and Tylomyinae as part of a larger definition of Sigmodontinae. When those genera are included, the species ...
and
Tylomyinae
The subfamily Tylomyinae consists of several species of New World rats and mice including the vesper and climbing rats. They are not as well known as their relatives in the subfamilies Sigmodontinae and Neotominae. Many authorities place all th ...
. Many authorities place them all in a single subfamily, Sigmodontinae.
Taxonomy
*SUBFAMILY NEOTOMINAE
**Tribe
Baiomyini
***Genus ''
Baiomys
''Baiomys'', the New World pygmy mice, is a genus of rodents in the family Cricetidae. Together with '' Scotinomys'', it forms the tribe Baiomyini. It contains the smallest rodents in North America. It currently contains three extant species: ...
'' - pygmy mice
****
Southern pygmy mouse, ''Baiomys brunneus''
****
Mexican pygmy mouse, ''Baiomys musculus''
****
Northern pygmy mouse, ''Baiomys taylori''
***Genus ''
Scotinomys'' - brown mice
****
Alston's brown mouse, ''Scotinomys teguina''
****
Chiriqui brown mouse, ''Scotinomys xerampelinus''
**Tribe
Neotomini
***Genus ''
Neotoma
A pack rat or packrat, also called a woodrat or trade rat, are any species in the North and Central American rodent genus ''Neotoma''. Pack rats have a rat-like appearance, with long tails, large ears, and large, black eyes. Pack rats are notice ...
'' - pack rats
****Subgenus ''Neotoma''
*****
White-throated woodrat, ''Neotoma albigula''
*****
Tamaulipan woodrat, ''Neotoma angustapalata''
*****†
Anthony's woodrat, ''Neotoma anthonyi''
*****
Bryant's woodrat, ''Neotoma bryanti''
*****†
Bunker's woodrat, ''Neotoma bunkeri''
*****
Nicaraguan woodrat, ''Neotoma chrysomelas''
*****
Arizona woodrat, ''Neotoma devia''
*****
Guatemala woodrat, ''Neotoma ferruginea''
*****
Eastern woodrat, ''Neotoma floridana ''
*****
Dusky-footed woodrat, ''Neotoma fuscipes''
*****
Goldman's woodrat, ''Neotoma goldmani''
*****
Desert woodrat, ''Neotoma lepida ''
*****
White-toothed woodrat, ''Neotoma leucodon''
*****
Big-eared woodrat, ''Neotoma macrotis''
*****
Allegheny woodrat, ''Neotoma magister''
*****†
San Martin Island woodrat, ''Neotoma martinensis''
*****
Mexican woodrat, ''Neotoma mexicana''
*****
Southern Plains woodrat, ''Neotoma micropus''
*****
Nelson's woodrat, ''Neotoma nelsoni''
*****
Bolaños woodrat, ''Neotoma palatina''
*****
Stephens' woodrat, ''Neotoma stephensi''
****Subgenus ''Teanopus''
*****
Sonoran woodrat, ''Neotoma phenax''
****Subgenus ''Teonoma''
*****
Bushy-tailed woodrat, ''Neotoma cinerea''
***Genus ''
Xenomys
The Magdalena rat (''Xenomys nelsoni'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae which is found only in a small region of western Mexico.
It is the only species in the genus ''Xenomys''. The common name comes from the village where the ...
''
****
Magdalena rat, ''Xenomys nelsoni''
***Genus ''
Hodomys
Allen's woodrat (''Hodomys alleni'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is the only species in the genus ''Hodomys''.
Distribution
This woodrat species is endemic to Mexico.
It is native from southern Sinaloa to Oaxaca states. ...
''
****
Allen's woodrat, ''Hodomys alleni''
***Genus ''
Nelsonia'' - diminutive woodrats
****
Goldman's diminutive woodrat, ''Nelsonia goldmani''
****
Diminutive woodrat
The diminutive woodrat (''Nelsonia neotomodon'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is endemic to Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin ...
, ''Nelsonia neotomodon''
**Tribe
Ochrotomyini
The golden mouse (''Ochrotomys nuttalli'') is a species of New World mouse. It is usually 5–8 inches (12–25 cm) in body length, and has a soft pelage that ranges from golden-brownish to burnt orange in color. The genus name comes ...
***Genus ''
Ochrotomys
The golden mouse (''Ochrotomys nuttalli'') is a species of New World mouse. It is usually 5–8 inches (12–25 cm) in body length, and has a soft pelage that ranges from golden-brownish to burnt orange in color. The genus name comes ...
''
****
Golden mouse, ''Ochrotomys nuttalli''
**Tribe
Reithrodontomyini
The Neotominae are a subfamily of the family Cricetidae. They consist of four tribes, 16 genera, and many species of New World rats and mice, predominantly found in North America. Among them are the well-known deer mice, packrats, and grasshop ...
***Genus ''
Peromyscus
''Peromyscus'' is a genus of rodents. They are commonly referred to as deer mice or deermice, not to be confused with the chevrotain or "mouse deer". They are New World mice only distantly related to the common house and laboratory mouse, ''M ...
'' - deer mice
****''californicus'' group
*****
California mouse
The California deermouse or California mouse (''Peromyscus californicus'') is a species of rodent in the subfamily Neotominae in the family Cricetidae. It is a species of the genus ''Peromyscus'', a closely related group of New World rats and mic ...
, ''Peromyscus californicus''
****''eremicus'' group
*****
Cactus mouse, ''Peromyscus eremicus''
*****
Angel Island mouse
The Angel Island mouse (''Peromyscus guardia''), or La Guarda deermouse, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is a species of the genus ''Peromyscus'', a closely related group of New World mice often called "deermice".
Distribut ...
, ''Peromyscus guardia''
*****
San Lorenzo mouse, ''Peromyscus interparietalis''
*****
Northern Baja deer mouse, ''Peromyscus fraterculus''
*****
Dickey's deer mouse, ''Peromyscus dickeyi''
*****
False canyon mouse, ''Peromyscus pseudocrinitus''
*****
Eva's desert mouse, ''Peromyscus eva''
*****
Burt's deer mouse, ''Peromyscus caniceps''
*****
Mesquite mouse, ''Peromyscus merriami''
*****†
Pemberton's deer mouse, ''Peromyscus pembertoni''
****''hooperi'' group
*****
Hooper's mouse, ''Peromyscus hooperi''
****''crinitus'' group
*****
Canyon mouse, ''Peromyscus crinitus''
****''maniculatus'' group
*****
Eastern deermouse, ''Peromyscus maniculatus''
*****
Oldfield mouse
The oldfield mouse, oldfield deermouse or beach mouse (''Peromyscus polionotus'') is a nocturnal species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is a species of the genus ''Peromyscus'', a closely related group of New World rats and mice, New Wor ...
, ''Peromyscus polionotus''
*****
Santa Cruz mouse, ''Peromyscus sejugis''
*****
Northwestern deer mouse, ''Peromyscus keeni''
*****
Black-eared mouse, ''Peromyscus melanotis''
*****
Slevin's mouse, ''Peromyscus slevini''
*****†
Giant island deer mouse, ''Peromyscus nesodytes''
****''leucopus'' group
*****
White-footed mouse
The white-footed mouse (''Peromyscus leucopus'') is a rodent native to North America from southern Canada to the southwestern United States and Mexico. It is a species of the genus ''Peromyscus'', a closely related group of New World mice often ...
, ''Peromyscus leucopus''
*****
Cotton mouse, ''Peromyscus gossypinus''
****''aztecus'' group
*****
Aztec mouse, ''Peromyscus aztecus''
*****
Gleaning mouse, ''Peromyscus spicilegus''
*****
Winkelmann's mouse
Winkelmann's mouse (''Peromyscus winkelmanni'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae, It is a species of the genus '' Peromyscus'', a closely related group of New World mice often called "deermice". It is endemic to Mexico, and is na ...
, ''Peromyscus winkelmanni''
****''boylii'' group
*****
Brush mouse, ''Peromyscus boylii''
*****
Nimble-footed mouse, ''Peromyscus levipes''
*****
Orizaba deer mouse, ''Peromyscus beatae''
*****
Schmidly's deer mouse, ''Peromyscus schmidlyi''
*****
San Esteban Island mouse, ''Peromyscus stephani''
*****
Texas mouse, ''Peromyscus attwateri''
*****
Nayarit mouse, ''Peromyscus simulus''
*****
Tres Marias Island mouse, ''Peromyscus madrensis''
*****
White-ankled mouse, ''Peromyscus pectoralis''
*****
Chihuahuan mouse, ''Peromyscus polius''
****''truei'' group
*****
Pinyon mouse, ''Peromyscus truei''
*****
Osgood's mouse, ''Peromyscus gratus''
*****
Perote mouse, ''Peromyscus bullatus''
*****
Zacatecan deer mouse, ''Peromyscus difficilis''
*****
Northern rock mouse, ''Peromyscus nasutus''
****''melanophrys'' group
*****
Plateau mouse, ''Peromyscus melanophrys''
*****
Tawny deer mouse, ''Peromyscus perfulvus''
*****
Puebla deer mouse, ''Peromyscus mekisturus''
****''furvus'' group
*****
Blackish deer mouse, ''Peromyscus furvus''
*****
El Carrizo deer mouse, ''Peromyscus ochraventer''
*****
Maya mouse, ''Peromyscus mayensis''
****''megalops'' group
*****
Brown deer mouse, ''Peromyscus megalops''
*****
Black-tailed mouse, ''Peromyscus melanurus''
*****
Zempoaltepec, ''Peromyscus melanocarpus''
****''mexicanus'' group
*****
Mexican deer mouse, ''Peromyscus mexicanus''
*****
Naked-eared deer mouse, ''Peromyscus gymnotis''
*****
Guatemalan deer mouse, ''Peromyscus guatemalensis''
*****
Chiapan deer mouse, ''Peromyscus zarhynchus''
*****
Big deer mouse, ''Peromyscus grandis''
*****
Yucatan deer mouse, ''Peromyscus yucatanicus''
*****
Stirton's deer mouse, ''Peromyscus stirtoni''
*****
Transvolcanic deer mouse, ''Peromyscus hylocetes''
***Genus ''
Reithrodontomys
''Reithrodontomys'' is the genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#I ...
'' - New World harvest mice
****
Guerrero harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys bakeri''
****
Short-nosed harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys brevirostris''
****
Sonoran harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys burti''
****
Volcano harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys chrysopsis''
****
Chiriqui harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys creper''
****
Darien harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys darienensis''
****
Fulvous harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys fulvescens''
****
Slender harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys gracilis''
****
Hairy harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys hirsutus''
****
Eastern harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys humulis''
****
Western harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys megalotis''
****
Mexican harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys mexicanus''
****
Small-toothed harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys microdon''
****
Plains harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys montanus''
****''
Reithrodontomys musseri''
[New Species of Reithrodontomys, Subgenus Aporodon (Cricetidae: Neotominae), from the Highlands of Costa Rica, with Comments on Costa Rican and Panamanian Reithrodontomys /ref>
**** Nicaraguan harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys paradoxus''
**** Salt marsh harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys raviventris''
**** Rodriguez's harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys rodriguezi''
**** Cozumel harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys spectabilis''
**** Sumichrast's harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys sumichrasti''
****]Narrow-nosed harvest mouse
The narrow-nosed harvest mouse (''Reithrodontomys tenuirostris'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is found in Guatemala and Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the n ...
, ''Reithrodontomys tenuirostris''
**** Zacatecas harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys zacatecae''
***Genus '' Onychomys'' - grasshopper mice
**** Chihuahuan grasshopper mouse, ''Onychomys arenicola''
**** Northern grasshopper mouse, ''Onychomys leucogaster''
**** Southern grasshopper mouse, ''Onychomys torridus''
***Genus '' Neotomodon''
**** Mexican volcano mouse, ''Neotomodon alstoni''
***Genus '' Podomys''
**** Florida mouse, ''Podomys floridanus''
***Genus ''Isthmomys
''Isthmomys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae, belonging to the tribe Reithrodontomyini. Species are:
*Yellow isthmus rat (''Isthmomys flavidus'')
*Mount Pirri isthmus rat
The Mount Pirri isthmus rat (''Isthmomys pirrensis'') is ...
'' - isthmus rats
****Yellow isthmus rat
The yellow isthmus rat (''Isthmomys flavidus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Panama. It was discovered by W. W. Brown Jr. on the southern slope of Volcan de Chiriqui (8° 49' N, 82° 32' W). He found it co ...
, ''Isthmomys flavidus''
****Mount Pirri isthmus rat
The Mount Pirri isthmus rat (''Isthmomys pirrensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is found only in Panama. At the time of its discovery, it was conside ...
, ''Isthmomys pirrensis''
***Genus '' Megadontomys'' - giant deer mice
**** Oaxaca giant deer mouse, ''Megadontomys cryophilus''
**** Nelson's giant deer mouse, ''Megadontomys nelsoni''
**** Thomas's giant deer mouse, ''Megadontomys thomasi''
***Genus '' Habromys'' - deer mice
**** Chinanteco deer mouse, ''Habromys chinanteco''
**** Delicate deer mouse, ''Habromys delicatulus''
**** Ixtlán deer mouse, ''Habromys ixtlani''
**** Zempoaltepec deer mouse, ''Habromys lepturus''
**** Crested-tailed deer mouse, ''Habromys lophurus''
****'' Habromys schmidlyi''
**** Jico deer mouse, ''Habromys simulatus''
***Genus '' Osgoodomys''
**** Michoacan deer mouse, ''Osgoodomys banderanus''
*Incertae sedis
**'' Protorepomys''
**'' Tsaphanomys''
See also
*New World rats and mice
The New World rats and mice are a group of related rodents found in North and South America. They are extremely diverse in appearance and ecology, ranging from the tiny '' Baiomys'' to the large '' Kunsia''. They represent one of the few example ...
References
*Reeder, S. A., D. S. Carroll, C. W. Edwards, C. W. Kilpatrick, R. D. Bradley. 2006. Neotomine-peromyscine rodent systematics based on combined analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 40:251-258.
*Steppan, S. J., R. A. Adkins, and J. Anderson. 2004. Phylogeny
A phylogenetic tree or phylogeny is a graphical representation which shows the evolutionary history between a set of species or Taxon, taxa during a specific time.Felsenstein J. (2004). ''Inferring Phylogenies'' Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, M ...
and divergence date estimates of rapid radiations in muroid rodent
The Muroidea are a large superfamily of rodents, including mice, rats, voles, hamsters, lemmings, gerbils, and many other relatives. Although the Muroidea originated in Eurasia, they occupy a vast variety of habitats on every continent except A ...
s based on multiple nuclear gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
s. Systematic Biology, 53:533-553.
{{Taxonbar, from=Q135865
Mammal subfamilies