Neobartsia Tenuis
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''Bartsia'' is a genus of
flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
s in the family
Orobanchaceae Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family (biology), family of mostly parasitic plants of the order (biology), order Lamiales, with about 90 genus, genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera (e.g., ''Pedicularis'', ''Rhinanthus'', ...
.


Etymology

''Bartsia'' was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of
Königsberg Königsberg (; ; ; ; ; ; , ) is the historic Germany, German and Prussian name of the city now called Kaliningrad, Russia. The city was founded in 1255 on the site of the small Old Prussians, Old Prussian settlement ''Twangste'' by the Teuton ...
. The plant was named for him by his associate
Carl Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
, and the genus has been sometimes spelt as ''Bartschia''. ''Starbia'', an
anagram An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once. For example, the word ''anagram'' itself can be rearranged into the phrase "nag a ram"; which ...
of ''Bartsia'', is another genus of Orobanchaceae, synonym of ''
Alectra Alectra Incorporated, through its subsidiary Alectra Utilities Corporation, is an electricity utility and distributor that serves several municipalities in the Golden Horseshoe region of Ontario. It is a municipally-owned corporation with shar ...
''.


Phylogeny

The phylogeny of the genera of
Rhinantheae Rhinantheae is a tribe with fewer than 20 genera of herbaceous plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using DNA markers. Three assemblages can be distinguished in this trib ...
has been explored using molecular characters. ''Bartsia'' belongs to the core Rhinantheae. ''Bartsia'' sensu stricto (e.g. '' B. alpina'') is the sister genus to '' Odontites'', '' Bellardia'', '' Tozzia'', ''
Hedbergia ''Hedbergia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants, initially classified in Scrophulariaceae, and now within the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. It contains a unique species, ''Hedbergia abyssinica''. It is an afromontane genus, widesprea ...
'', and ''
Euphrasia ''Euphrasia'', or eyebright, is a genus of about 215 species of Herbaceous plant, herbaceous flowering plants in the family (biology), family Orobanchaceae (formerly included in the Scrophulariaceae), with a cosmopolitan distribution. They are P ...
''.


Classification

In 1990, the genus was revised to contain 49 species; 45 of them are
endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...
to the
Andes The Andes ( ), Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range (; ) are the List of longest mountain chains on Earth, longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range ...
. The most familiar species might be the well-studied ''
Bartsia alpina ''Bartsia alpina'' is a species of perennial flowering plant, known by the common name alpine bartsia or velvetbells. It is found in the mountainous regions of Europe and also occurs in Iceland, Greenland and north-eastern Canada. Description ' ...
'', which has a circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout northern regions of the Northern Hemisphere. There are also two
afromontane The Afromontane regions are subregions of the Afrotropical realm, one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms, covering the plant and animal species found in the mountains of Africa and the southern Arabian Peninsula. The Afromontane regions o ...
species, restricted to the mountains of northeastern Africa: ''Bartsia decurva'' and ''Bartsia longiflora''. These two plants, ''B. alpina'', and the many Andean species are three distinct lineages, making the genus
polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...
. As a solution to the problem of ''Bartsia'' polyphyly, two taxonomic adjustments have been proposed. # All South American species are reclassified into the new genus ''Neobartsia''. This new name keeps traceability with ''Bartsia'' while incorporating information about its New World distribution (in
ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...
, , i.e. , means 'new'). # The two African species ''Bartsia decurva'' and ''Bartsia longiflora'' are reclassified into the existing genus ''Hedbergia''. Accepted species names include the following taxa classified according to geographic distribution groups.


Europe

* ''
Bartsia alpina ''Bartsia alpina'' is a species of perennial flowering plant, known by the common name alpine bartsia or velvetbells. It is found in the mountainous regions of Europe and also occurs in Iceland, Greenland and north-eastern Canada. Description ' ...
'' L. – velvetbells


Mediterranean Basin

* ''
Bartsia trixago ''Bellardia trixago'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae. It was formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae. The only member of the monotypic genus ''Bellardia'', it is known as trixago bartsia or Mediterranean ...
'' L. (=''
Bellardia trixago ''Bellardia trixago'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae. It was formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae. The only member of the monotypic genus ''Bellardia'', it is known as trixago bartsia or Mediterranean ...
'' (L.) All.)


Northeastern Africa

* ''
Hedbergia decurva ''Hedbergia decurva'', formerly ''Bartsia decurva'', is a hemiparasitic species of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Description ''Hedbergia decurva'' is a shrub covered in sticky glandular hairs and few non-glandular hairs. It ...
'', synonym of ''Bartsia decurva'' Hochst. ''ex'' Benth. * ''
Hedbergia longiflora ''Hedbergia longiflora'', formerly ''Bartsia longiflora'', is a species of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. It is an afromontane species, restricted to the mountains of northeastern Africa. A subspecies, ''Hedbergia longiflora'' s ...
'', synonym of ''Bartsia longiflora'' Hochst. ''ex'' Benth.


Andean South America

* ''
Bartsia acuminata ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of Königsberg. The plant was named for him by his associa ...
''
Pursh The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , , "little star", is a Typography, typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a star (heraldry), heraldic star. Computer scientists and Mathematici ...
* ''
Bartsia altissima ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of Königsberg. The plant was named for him by his associate ...
'' Rusby * '' Bartsia anomala''
Edwin The name Edwin means "wealth-friend". It comes from (wealth, good fortune) and (friend). Thus the Old English form is Ēadwine, a name widely attested in early medieval England. Edwina is the feminine form of the name. Notable people and char ...
* '' Bartsia asperrima'' ( Link) Samp. * '' Bartsia aurea'' Edwin * '' Neobartsia adenophylla'' ( Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia alba'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia aprica'' (
Diels Diels is the last name of several people: * Rudolf Diels (1900–1957), German politician * Otto Diels (1876–1954), German scientist noted for his work on the Diels–Alder reaction * Ludwig Diels (1874–1945), German botanist whose standard aut ...
) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
* '' Neobartsia australis'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia bartsioides'' (
Hook. Sir William Jackson Hooker (6 July 178512 August 1865) was an English botanist and botanical illustrator, who became the first director of Kew when in 1841 it was recommended to be placed under state ownership as a botanic garden. At Kew he ...
) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
* '' Neobartsia camporum'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia canescens'' ( Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia chilensis'' (
Benth. George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studie ...
) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
* '' Neobartsia crenata'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia crenoloba'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia crisafullii'' (N.H.Holmgren) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia diffusa'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia elachophylla'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia elongata'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia fiebrigii'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia filiformis'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia flava'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia glandulifera'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia inaequalis'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia integrifolia'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia jujuyensis'' (Cabrera & Botta) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia laniflora'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia laticrenata'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia lydiae'' (Sylvester) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia melampyroides'' (
Kunth Carl Sigismund Kunth (18 June 1788 – 22 March 1850) was a German botanist. He was also known as Karl Sigismund Kunth or anglicized as Charles Sigismund Kunth. He was one of the early systematic botanists who focused on studying the plants of th ...
) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.
* '' Neobartsia mutica'' (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia orthocarpiflora'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia patens'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia pauciflora'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia pedicularoides'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia peruviana'' ( Walp.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia pumila'' (Benth.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia pyricarpa'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia ramosa'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia remota'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia rigida'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia santolinifolia'' (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia sericea'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia serrata'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia stricta'' (Kunth) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * ''
Neobartsia strigosa ''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of Königsberg. The plant was named for him by his associate ...
'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia tenuis'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia thiantha'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia tomentosa'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia trichophylla'' (Wedd.) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia tricolor'' (Molau) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov. * '' Neobartsia weberbaueri'' (Diels) Uribe-Convers & Tank, comb. nov.


References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q162488 Orobanchaceae genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Parasitic plants Taxa described in 1753