The Tettigoniinae are a subfamily of bush crickets or katydids, which contains hundreds of

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

in about twelve

tribes The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confl ...

Distribution

The greatest diversity is in the

Palaearctic The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Si ...

region and many of the familiar European species of bush crickets (''e.g.'' in the genera '' Metrioptera, Pholidoptera, Platycleis'' and the type genus '' Tettigonia'') are in this subfamily. They are attributed to an ancient

Gondwana Gondwana () was a large landmass, often referred to as a supercontinent, that formed during the late Neoproterozoic (about 550 million years ago) and began to break up during the Jurassic period (about 180 million years ago). The final st ...

fauna, which is reflected in the known distribution of the southern African genera, which are in turn related to Australian and North American genera in the tribe Nedubini (''e.g. Neduba'' and ''

Aglaothorax ''Aglaothorax'' is a genus of ovate shieldbacks in the family Tettigoniidae. There are about six described species in ''Aglaothorax''. Species These six species belong to the genus ''Aglaothorax'': * '' Aglaothorax diminutiva'' (Rentz & Birchim, ...

''). Extant genera are native to: the Americas (where they may be called shield-backed katydids), Australia,

southern Africa Southern Africa is the southernmost subregion of the African continent, south of the Congo and Tanzania. The physical location is the large part of Africa to the south of the extensive Congo River basin. Southern Africa is home to a number ...

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located enti ...

(especially

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on th ...

), and the Near East. The faunas of the

Neotropics The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bi ...

and Australia are more closely related to one other than to those of southern Africa and Madagascar (in tribe

Arytropteridini The Tettigoniinae are a subfamily of bush crickets or katydids, which contains hundreds of species in about twelve tribes. Distribution The greatest diversity is in the Palaearctic region and many of the familiar European species of bush cricke ...

), although the three faunas are related.

Tribes and genera

In the ''Orthoptera Species File'', the following are listed:Orthoptera Species File: subfamily Tettigoniinae Krauss, 1902 (retrieved 17 November 2021)
/ref>

Arytropteridini

Auth. Caudell, 1908 * '' Alfredectes'' Rentz, 1988 * '' Anarytropteris'' Uvarov, 1924 * '' Arytropteris'' Herman, 1874 * '' Ceresia'' Uvarov, 1928 - monotypic '' Ceresia pulchripes'' * '' Namaquadectes'' Rentz, 1988 * '' Thoracistus'' Pictet, 1888 * '' Toliaridectes'' Hugel, 2019 * '' Transkeidectes'' Naskrecki, 1992 * '' Zuludectes'' Rentz, 1988

Ctenodecticini

Auth. Caudell, 1908 * ''

Ctenodecticus ''Ctenodecticus'' is a genus of Tettigoniidae, bush crickets erected by erected by Ignacio Bolívar in 1877;Bolívar I (1877) Sinopsis de los Ortópteros de España y Portugal. III. ''Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural'' 6: 249� ...

'' Bolívar, 1877 * '' Miramiola'' Uvarov, 1939

Decticini

Auth. Herman, 1874 (synonyms Decticidae or Dectici Herman, 1874) * ''

Decticus ''Decticus'' is a genus of bush-cricket in the subfamily Tettigoniinae. Distribution Species of this genus are present in Europe, in Asia and in North Africa. Species The ''Orthoptera Species File'' lists: * ''Decticus albifrons'' (Fabricius, ...

'' Serville, 1831

Drymadusini

Auth. Uvarov, 1924 * '' Afrodrymadusa'' Ramme, 1939 * '' Ammoxenulus'' Bei-Bienko, 1951 * '' Anadolua'' Ramme, 1939 * '' Anadrymadusa'' Karabag, 1961 * '' Anatlanticus'' Bei-Bienko, 1951 * ''

Atlanticus ''Atlanticus'' is a genus of "eastern shieldback" bush crickets or katydids in the tribe Drymadusini. It has a discontinuous distribution in North America and temperate eastern Asia. Species These 59 species belong to the genus ''Atlanticus'': ...

'' Scudder, 1894 * '' Bergiola'' Stshelkanovtzev, 1910 * '' Bienkoxenus'' Cejchan, 1968 * '' Calopterusa'' Uvarov, 1942 * '' Ceraeocercus'' Uvarov, 1910 * '' Delodusa'' Stolyarov, 1994 * '' Drymadusa'' Stein, 1860 * '' Drymadusella'' Ramme, 1939 * '' Drymapedes'' Bei-Bienko, 1967 * '' Eulithoxenus'' Bei-Bienko, 1951 * '' Exodrymadusa'' Karabag, 1961 * '' Farsodecticus'' Mirzayans, 1991 * '' Ferganusa'' Uvarov, 1926 * '' Iranusa'' Uvarov, 1942 * ''

Kansua ''Kansua'' is a small genus of bush crickets or katydids in the tribe Drymadusini. Species are found in northern China. Species The ''Orthoptera Species File'' includes: *'' Kansua diebua'' Liu, 2015 *'' Kansua hummeli'' Uvarov, 1933 - type ...

'' Uvarov, 1933 * '' Leptodusa'' Stolyarov, 1994 * '' Lithodusa'' Bei-Bienko, 1951 * '' Lithoxenus'' Bei-Bienko, 1951 * '' Microdrymadusa'' Bei-Bienko, 1967 * '' Mixodusa'' Stolyarov, 1994 * '' Mongolodectes'' Bei-Bienko, 1951 * '' Novadrymadusa'' Demirsoy, Salman & Sevgili, 2002 * ''

Paradrymadusa ''Paradrymadusa'' is a genus of Tettigoniidae, bush crickets in the tribe Drymadusini, erected by Ottó Herman in 1874. Herman O (1874) Die Decticiden der Brunner von Wattenwyl schen Sammlung. ''Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologis ...

'' Herman, 1874 * '' Paratlanticus'' Ramme, 1939 * '' Pezodrymadusa'' Karabag, 1961 * '' Phytodrymadusa'' Ramme, 1939 * '' Ptosoproctus'' Shen, Yin & He, 2021 * '' Scotodrymadusa'' Ramme, 1939 * '' Sichuana'' Yin & Shen, 2020 * '' Tadzhikia'' Mishchenko, 1954 * '' Uvarovina'' Ramme, 1939 * '' Zagrosiella'' Mirzayans, 1991

Gampsocleidini

Auth. Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 * ''

Gampsocleis ''Gampsocleis''Fieber FX (1852) In Kelch. ''Grundlage zur Kenntnis der Orthopteren (Gradflügler) Oberschlesiens, und Grundlage zur Kenntnis der Käfer Oberschlesiens, erster Nachtrag (Schulprogr.). Ratibor'' 2, 8. is a genus of Tettigoniidae, bu ...

'' Fieber, 1852 * '' Uvarovites'' Tarbinsky, 1932 - monotypic '' U. inflatus'' (Uvarov, 1924) - mainland E. Asia

Glyphonotini

Auth. Tarbinsky, 1932 (synonyms: Glyphonotinae Tarbinsky, 1932; Glyphontini) * '' Chlorodectes'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Ectopistidectes'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Glyphonotus'' Redtenbacher, 1889 * '' Metaballus'' Herman, 1874

Nedubini

Auth. Gorochov, 1988 * ''

'' Caudell, 1907 * ''

Antipodectes ''Antipodectes'' is a genus of katydids belonging to the family Tettigoniidae. The species of this genus are found in Australia. Species: *''Antipodectes bituberculatus'' *''Antipodectes brevicaudus'' *''Antipodectes giganteus'' *''Antipode ...

'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Apteropedetes'' Rentz, 1979 * '' Barraza'' Koçak & Kemal, 2008 * '' Chinnandectes'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Dexerra'' Walker, 1869 * '' Falcidectes'' Rentz & Gurney, 1985 * '' Glenbalodectes'' Rentz, 1985 * ''

Idionotus ''Idionotus'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned ...

'' Scudder, 1894 * ''

Ixalodectes ''Ixalodectes'' is a genus of Australian bush crickets. Species The Orthoptera Species File lists: * '' Ixalodectes flectocercus'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Ixalodectes megacercus'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Ixalodectes nigrifrons'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Ixalodectes ...

'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Lanciana'' Walker, 1869 * '' Neduba'' Walker, 1869 * '' Oligodectes'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Oligodectoides'' Rentz, 1985 * ''

Phymonotus ''Phymonotus jacintotopos'', or San Jacinto shieldback, is a rare species of shieldback katydid endemic to the San Jacinto Mountains of southern California. It has a distinct red-and-black coloration not found in similar katydids. Distribution ...

'' Lightfoot, Weissman & Ueshima, 2011 * '' Platydecticus'' Chopard, 1951 * '' Platyproctidectes'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Rhachidorus'' Herman, 1874 * ''

Throscodectes ''Throscodectes'' is a genus of Australian bush crickets. Species The Orthoptera Species File lists: * '' Throscodectes xederoides'' * '' Throscodectes xiphos'' References Tettigoniidae genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot ...

'' Rentz, 1985 * '' Xederra'' Ander, 1938 * '' Xyrdectes'' Rentz & Gurney, 1985

Onconotini

Auth. Tarbinsky, 1940 * ''

Onconotus ''Onconotus''Fischer von Waldheim (1839) ''Bull. Soc. imp. natur. Moscau'' 12(3): 106. is a genus of bush cricket in the subfamily Tettigoniinae The Tettigoniinae are a subfamily of bush crickets or katydids, which contains hundreds of spec ...

'' Fischer von Waldheim, 1839

Pholidopterini

Auth. Ramme, 1951 * '' Aparapholidoptera'' Çiplak, 2020 *'' Apholidoptera'' Maran, 1953 * ''

Eupholidoptera ''Eupholidoptera'' is a genus of Tettigoniidae, bush crickets belonging to the subfamily Tettigoniinae. Distribution Species belonging to this genus are present in Europe and in the Near East. Species References Orthoptera Species File
* ...

'' Maran, 1953 * '' Exopholidoptera'' Ünal, 1998 * '' Parapholidoptera'' Maran, 1953 * '' Pholidoptera'' Wesmaël, 1838 *'' Spinopholidoptera'' Çiplak, 2020 * ''

Uvarovistia ''Uvarovistia'' is a genus of Palaearctic bush crickets in the tribe Pholidopterini, confirmed by Maran in 1953.Maran (1953) ''Acta Entomol. Mus. Natl. Pragae'' 28: 209-221 10/ref> Species have been recorded from Cyprus, Turkey through to Af ...

'' Maran, 1953

Plagiostirini

Auth. Storozhenko, 1994 * ''

Plagiostira ''Plagiostira'' is a North American genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known ...

'' Scudder, 1876

Platycleidini

Auth. Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 * '' Afghanoptera'' Ramme, 1952 * '' Amedegnatiana'' Massa & Fontana, 2011 * ''

Anabrus ''Anabrus'' is a genus of insects in the family Tettigoniidae that includes the Mormon cricket The Mormon cricket (''Anabrus simplex'') is a large insect that can grow to almost in length. It lives throughout western North America in rangelan ...

'' Haldeman, 1852 * ''

Anonconotus ''Anonconotus'' is a genus of Palaearctic realm, Palaearctic Tettigoniidae, bush crickets in the tribe Platycleidini, erected by L. Camerano in 1878.Camerano L (1878) Descrizione di un nuovo genere e di una nuova specie di Ortottero Piemontese es ...

'' Camerano, 1878 * ''

Antaxius ''Antaxius'' is a genus of Tettigoniidae, bush crickets in the tribe Platycleidini found in Europe. Species The ''Orthoptera Species file'' lists: ;subgenus Antaxius Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882 # ''Antaxius armillata'' (Serville, 1838) # ''Anta ...

'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882 * '' Anterastes'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882 * '' Ariagona'' Krauss, 1892 * '' Austrodectes'' Rentz, 1985 * ''

Bicolorana ''Bicolorana'' is a genus of bush crickets in the subfamily Tettigoniinae and tribe Platycleidini. Species can be found in many parts of mainland Europe (but not the British Isles, Iberia or most of Scandinavia), through central Asia to the Kore ...

'' Zeuner, 1941 ** ''e.g.

Bicolorana bicolor ''Bicolorana bicolor'' is a species of bush cricket in the subfamily Tettigoniinae and tribe Platycleidini: found in mainland Western Europe Individuals are normally brachypterous, but long-winged forms may be encountered. The species was origi ...

'' * '' Broughtonia'' Harz, 1969 * ''

Bucephaloptera ''Bucephaloptera'' is a genus of Palaearctic realm, Palaearctic Tettigoniidae, bush crickets in the tribe Platycleidini, erected by R. Ebner in 1923.Ebner R (1923) Revision der Gattung Psorodonotus (Orthoptera, Phasgonuridae). ''Konowia, Zeitsch ...

'' Ebner, 1923 * '' Chizuella'' Furukawa, 1950 * ''

Clinopleura ''Clinopleura'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horne ...

'' Scudder, 1894 * ''

Decticita ''Decticita'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned ...

'' Hebard, 1939 * '' Decticoides'' Ragge, 1977 * '' Eobiana'' Bei-Bienko, 1949 * ''

Eremopedes ''Eremopedes'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae. There are about 16 described species in ''Eremopedes''. Species These 16 species belong to the genus ''Eremopedes'': * ''Eremopedes ateloploides'' (Caudell, 1907) ...

'' Scudder, 1897 * '' Festella'' Giglio-Tos, 1894 * '' Hermoniana'' Broza, Ayal & Pener, 2004 * '' Hypsopedes'' Bei-Bienko, 1951 * ''

Idiostatus ''Idiostatus'' is a genus of insects in the family Tettigoniidae and tribe Platycleidini, which are native to western North America. The lateral lobes of the prothorax are as deep as they are long. Species These 28 species belong to the genus ...

'' Pictet, 1888 * '' Inyodectes'' Rentz & Birchim, 1968 * '' Koroglus'' - monotypic ''K. disparalatus'' Ünal, 2002 * '' Metrioptera'' Wesmaël, 1838 ** ''e.g.

Metrioptera brachyptera ''Metrioptera brachyptera'' is a species in the family Tettigoniidae commonly called the bog bush cricket. ''M. brachyptera'' has a body length of 12–16 mm, with color ranging from brownish, with green elements on the upper side of the he ...

'' * ''

Montana Montana () is a U.S. state, state in the Mountain states, Mountain West List of regions of the United States#Census Bureau-designated regions and divisions, division of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North ...

'' Zeuner, 1941 * '' Pachytrachis'' Uvarov, 1940 * ''

Pediodectes ''Pediodectes'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae. There are about nine described species in ''Pediodectes''. Species These species belong to the genus ''Pediodectes'': * ''Pediodectes bruneri'' (Caudell, 1907) (br ...

'' Rehn & Hebard, 1916 * ''

Peranabrus ''Peranabrus'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned ...

'' Scudder, 1894 * '' Petropedes'' Tinkham, 1972 * '' Platycleis'' Fieber, 1853 * '' Plicigastra'' Uvarov, 1940 * '' Pravdiniana'' Sergeev & Pokivajlov, 1992 * '' Psorodonotus'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1861 * '' Pterolepis'' Rambur, 1838 * '' Raggeana'' Pener, Broza & Ayal, 1971 * '' Rammeola'' Uvarov, 1934 * ''

Rhacocleis ''Rhacocleis'' is a genus of bush crickets in the subfamily Tettigoniinae and tribe Platycleidini. Species can be found in southern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Species The Catalogue of Life lists: *'' Rhacocleis acutangula'' Karab ...

'' Fieber, 1853 * '' Sardoplatycleis'' Massa & Fontana, 2011 * ''

Roeseliana ''Roeseliana'' is a genus of Tettigoniidae, bush cricket or katydid in the subfamily Tettigoniinae. Species in this genus were placed at various times in the genera ''Metrioptera'' and ''Bicolorana'', until ''Roeseliana'' was restored in 2011.Mas ...

'' Zeuner, 1941 - formerly in ''Metrioptera'' * '' Schizonotinus'' Ramme, 1948 * ''

Sepiana ''Sepiana sepium'', common name sepia bush-cricket, is a species of bush crickets belonging to the subfamily Tettigoniinae and tribe Platycleidini. It is the only species within the monotypic genus ''Sepiana''. Distribution This widespread spe ...

'' Zeuner, 1941 * '' Sphagniana'' Zeuner, 1941 * ''

Steiroxys ''Steiroxys'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned ...

'' Herman, 1874 * ''

Tessellana ''Tessellana'' is a genus of Tettigoniidae, bush crickets in the tribe Platycleidini and genus group Platycleis, genus group ''Platycleis'', erected by Zeuner in 1941.Zeuner (1941) ''Trans. R. Entomol. Soc. London'' 91: 36. Species can be found ...

'' Zeuner, 1941 ** ''e.g.

Tessellana tessellata ''Tessellana tessellata'' known as the brown-spotted bush-cricket is a European and North African insect in the tribe Platycleidini (Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America ...

'' * '' Uludaghia'' Ramme, 1951 * ''

Yersinella ''Yersinella'' is a genus of Tettigoniidae, bush crickets in the subfamily Tettigoniinae. They are native to Europe. The genus name commemorates the entomologist who described the type species in 1860. Species Two species are accepted: * ''Yersi ...

'' Ramme, 1933 * '' Zeuneriana'' Karsch, 1889

Tettigoniini

Auth. Krauss, 1902 * ''

Acrodectes ''Acrodectes'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned ...

'' Rehn & Hebard, 1920 * '' Amphiestris'' Fieber, 1853 * '' Apote'' Scudder, 1897 * ''

Ateloplus ''Ateloplus'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae. There are about eight described species in ''Ateloplus''. Species These eight species belong to the genus ''Ateloplus'': * ''Ateloplus coconino'' Hebard, 1935 * ''At ...

'' Scudder, 1894 * '' Calliphona'' Krauss, 1892 * ''

Capnobotes ''Capnobotes'' is a North-American genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae. There are about 9 described species in ''Capnobotes''. Species * ''Capnobotes arizonensis'' (Rehn, 1904) (Arizona longwing) * ''Capnobotes attenuatus ...

'' Scudder, 1897 * ''

Cyrtophyllicus ''Cyrtophyllicus'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-ho ...

'' Hebard, 1908 * '' Elasmocercus'' Chopard, 1943 * '' Evergoderes'' Bolívar, 1936 * ''

Hubbellia ''Hubbellia'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned ...

'' Hebard, 1927 * '' Hyphinomos'' Uvarov, 1921 * '' Medecticus'' Uvarov, 1912 * ''

Nanodectes ''Nanodectes'' is a genus of Australian insects in the family Tettigoniidae. Species It contains the following species: *''Nanodectes brachyurus'' *''Nanodectes bulbicercus'' *''Nanodectes dooloides'' *''Nanodectes dooloo'' *''Nanodectes f ...

'' Rentz, 1985 * ''

Platyoplus ''Platyoplus'' is a genus of shield-backed katydids in the family Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned ...

'' Tinkham, 1973 * '' Psalmatophanes'' Chopard, 1938 * '' Sureyaella'' Uvarov, 1934 * '' Tettigonia ''Linnaeus, 1758 * '' Thyreonotus'' Serville, 1838 including ''

Thyreonotus corsicus ''Thyreonotus corsicus'' is a species belonging to the family Tettigoniidae subfamily Tettigoniinae The Tettigoniinae are a subfamily of bush crickets or katydids, which contains hundreds of species in about twelve tribes. Distribution The ...

'' * '' Zacycloptera'' Caudell, 1907

Tribe ''
incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...
''

* '' Bolua'' Ünal, 1999 * '' Dreuxia'' Chopard & Dreux, 1966 * '' Neogampsocleis'' Caudell, 1935

Examples and Gallery

The Mormon cricket, actually a katydid and member of this subfamily, has been known to cause extensive damage when it breeds in large numbers in cropland. 123 species are native to North America. Mormon cricket (red background).jpg, ''

simplex'' Anadrymadusa retowskii male.JPG, Anonconotus alpestris male (3787938321).jpg, Anthaxius pedestris male (7973599932).jpg, Metriptera bicolor male macropterous (5933691434).jpg, Warzenbeisser (01).JPEG, Black katydid - Eobiana engelhardti - 姫螽斯(ヒメギス) (5798504048).jpg, Eupholidoptera chabrieri male (31036314374).jpg, Gampsocleis glabra male (15031711991).jpg, Pholidoptera femorata male (9566322834).jpg, Platycleis affinis.jpg, Metrioptera roeselii forma diluta f 5665.jpg, Sepiana sepium female (15031790421).jpg, Platycleis tesselata male (5012521208).jpg, Tettigonia viridissima white 2010 01.jpg, Thoracistus sp, Iphithi Natuurreservaat, b.jpg, Thy corsicus8 CB.JPG, Yersinella raymondii male (15011823486).jpg, Zeuneriana marmorata.jpg,

References

External links

* *
Subfamily Tettigoniinae
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2306585 Orthoptera subfamilies