Nedirbay Aytakov (); 1894 – October 28, 1938) was a Turkmenistani revolutionary and

Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

politician. He was born in the

Transcaspian Oblast The Transcaspian Oblast, or simply Transcaspia, was an oblast of the Russian Empire and early Soviet Russia to the east of the Caspian Sea during the second half of the 19th century until 1924. It was bounded to the south by Iran's Khorasan Pro ...

. From May 21, 1925, to July 21, 1937, he was the chairman of the Turkmenistan Central Executive Committee from 1925 to 1938 and served on the

Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union The Central Executive Committee of the USSR (), which may be abbreviated as the CEC (), was the supreme governing body of the USSR in between sessions of the All-Union Congress of Soviets from 1922 to 1938. The Central Executive Committee elec ...

as a representative of the

Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic The Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, also known as Soviet Turkmenistan, the Turkmen SSR, TuSSR, Turkmenistan, or Turkmenia, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union located in Central Asia existed as a republic from 1925 to 199 ...

. During the

Great Purge The Great Purge, or the Great Terror (), also known as the Year of '37 () and the Yezhovshchina ( , ), was a political purge in the Soviet Union that took place from 1936 to 1938. After the Assassination of Sergei Kirov, assassination of ...

, he was executed by firing squad. After the death of

Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Dzhugashvili; 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin, his death in 1953. He held power as General Secret ...

, he was rehabilitated.

Biography

Aytakov was born in the steppe on the

Mangyshlak Mangyshlak or Mangghyshlaq Peninsula (; ) is a large peninsula located in western Kazakhstan. It borders on the Caspian Sea in the west and with the Buzachi Peninsula, a marshy sub-feature of the main peninsula, in the northeast. The Tyuleniy Ar ...

peninsula, near the Alexander Fort in the Transcaspian region. The advance of the Red Army through the territories inhabited by the

Turkmens Turkmens (, , , ) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, living mainly in Turkmenistan, northern and northeastern regions of Iran and north-western Afghanistan. Sizeable groups of Turkmens are found also in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, ...

and the capture of Krasnovodsk in February 1920 led to the establishment of Soviet power in the region. From 1920 to 1921 Aytakov became the chairman of the village council, and then a member of the volost Krasnovodsk revolutionary committee. In 1921, Aytakov was elected a delegate to the county congress of councils, as well as a member of the executive committee of the Krasnovodsk county council, and served as head of the Krasnovodsk county department of social security; in 1922 he became chairman of the executive committee of the Krasnovodsk city council. He joined the RCP(b) in 1922. At the session of the Central Executive Committee of the Turkestan ASSR, he was elected deputy chairman (1923 - January 9, 1924) and a member of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the Turkestan ASSR. On January 9, 1924, Aitakov was approved as the chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Turkestan ASSR (which at that time was part of the RSFSR) and worked in this position until 10/27/1927. From November 1924 to February 1925 he was the chairman of the Revolutionary Committee of Turkmenistan, which acted as a provisional government. When the incorporation of Turkmenistan into the USSR was completed, Aytakov was elected to the post of chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Turkmen SSR (February 1925-July 1937). Due to the acquisition of the status of a union republic by Turkmenistan, Aytakov was elected one of the chairmen of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR (May 21, 1925). Aytakov was arrested in

Ashgabat Ashgabat (Turkmen language, Turkmen: ''Aşgabat'') is the capital city, capital and largest city of Turkmenistan. It lies between the Karakum Desert and the Kopet Dag, Kopetdag mountain range in Central Asia, approximately 50 km (30 ...

on the night of July 21–22, 1937. On October 28, 1938, the military collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR sentenced Aytakov to death on charges of espionage and plotting to tear Turkmenistan away from the Soviet Union. The sentence was carried out on October 28, 1938. Aytakov was rehabilitated by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR on December 12, 1956. Aytakov's son, Zelili Nadyrbaevich Aytakov (1931-2010) was a surgeon-oncologist and doctor of medical sciences.

Bibliography

Przewodnik po historii Partii Komunistycznej i ZSRR (ros.)
* http://www.az-libr.ru/index.htm?Persons&000/Src/0000/783e4c55 (ros.) * http://www.az-libr.ru/index.htm?Persons&09K/c446a08a/index (ros.) {{DEFAULTSORT:Aytakov, Ned 1894 births 1938 deaths Soviet politicians People executed by firing squad People from Transcaspian Oblast People from Mangystau Region Great Purge victims from Turkmenistan Turkmenistan people executed by the Soviet Union Soviet rehabilitations 20th-century Turkmenistan politicians Executed revolutionaries Members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union executed by the Soviet Union Muslims from the Russian Empire