Nature Precedings
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''Nature Precedings'' was an
open access Open access (OA) is a set of principles and a range of practices through which nominally copyrightable publications are delivered to readers free of access charges or other barriers. With open access strictly defined (according to the 2001 de ...
electronic preprint repository of scholarly work in the fields of
biomedical sciences Biomedical sciences are a set of sciences applying portions of natural science or formal science, or both, to develop knowledge, interventions, or technology that are of use in healthcare or public health. Such disciplines as medical microbio ...
,
chemistry Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a physical science within the natural sciences that studies the chemical elements that make up matter and chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules a ...
, and
earth sciences Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. This is a branch of science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biological complex constitutions and synergistic linkages of Earth's four spheres ...
. It ceased accepting new submissions as of April 3, 2012. ''Nature Precedings'' functioned as a permanent, citable archive for pre-publication research and preliminary findings. It was a place for researchers to share documents, including presentations, posters, white papers, technical papers, supplementary findings, and non-
peer-reviewed Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work ( peers). It functions as a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant field. Peer review ...
manuscripts. It provided a rapid way to share preliminary findings, disseminate emerging results, solicit community feedback, and claim priority over discoveries. The content was curated and developed by the Nature Publishing Group.


Description

''Nature Precedings'' was started in June 2007 by the Nature Publishing Group under the direction of Timo Hannay, its director for web publishing. The
British Library The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. Based in London, it is one of the largest libraries in the world, with an estimated collection of between 170 and 200 million items from multiple countries. As a legal deposit li ...
, the European Bioinformatics Institute, Science Commons, and the
Wellcome Trust The Wellcome Trust is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate Henry Wellcome (founder of Burroughs Wellcome, one of the predec ...
were partners."About ''Nature Precedings''"
''Nature Precedings''; accessed July 3, 2007
''Nature Precedings'' supported the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH, version 2). Although content is solely author-
copyright A copyright is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the exclusive legal right to copy, distribute, adapt, display, and perform a creative work, usually for a limited time. The creative work may be in a literary, artistic, ...
ed, it can be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, versions 2.5 or 3.0. Documents that were manuscripts, preliminary reports,
white paper A white paper is a report or guide that informs readers concisely about a complex issue and presents the issuing body's philosophy on the matter. It is meant to help readers understand an issue, solve a problem, or make a decision. Since the 199 ...
s, or presentations reporting work in the fields of
biology Biology is the scientific study of life and living organisms. It is a broad natural science that encompasses a wide range of fields and unifying principles that explain the structure, function, growth, History of life, origin, evolution, and ...
,
chemistry Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a physical science within the natural sciences that studies the chemical elements that make up matter and chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules a ...
,
earth science Earth science or geoscience includes all fields of natural science related to the planet Earth. This is a branch of science dealing with the physical, chemical, and biological complex constitutions and synergistic linkages of Earth's four spheres ...
s, or
medicine Medicine is the science and Praxis (process), practice of caring for patients, managing the Medical diagnosis, diagnosis, prognosis, Preventive medicine, prevention, therapy, treatment, Palliative care, palliation of their injury or disease, ...
(except
clinical trial Clinical trials are prospective biomedical or behavioral research studies on human subject research, human participants designed to answer specific questions about biomedical or behavioral interventions, including new treatments (such as novel v ...
results) could be submitted for posting.
Physics Physics is the scientific study of matter, its Elementary particle, fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge whi ...
and
mathematics Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, Mathematical theory, theories and theorems that are developed and Mathematical proof, proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many ar ...
were excluded as they are already covered by the
arXiv arXiv (pronounced as "archive"—the X represents the Chi (letter), Greek letter chi ⟨χ⟩) is an open-access repository of electronic preprints and postprints (known as e-prints) approved for posting after moderation, but not Scholarly pee ...
preprint server. Submissions could be revised after posting, although the original submission remained and revisions were made available for access as newer versions. Submitted documents were not reviewed by editors or experts, and "genuine contributions from qualified scientists" were accepted for immediate posting. Non-scientific or pseudo-scientific work was rejected. Submitters were expected to have copyrights and appropriate permissions for material presented in the submitted documents. Opportunity for non-anonymous, informal peer review was available through a commenting system on the ''Nature Precedings'' website. A ''Nature Precedings'' preprint is cited like a traditional journal article. However, the preprint's DOI is used as the document identifier instead of journal volume, issue, and page numbers. Scientists and journal publishers have expressed concerns regarding preprint submissions to ''Nature Precedings'' and whether these submissions would lead to violations of the Ingelfinger rule, a policy in which journals will not publish a manuscript if its findings have been reported elsewhere."New site pits 'published' vs. 'posted'"
Andrea Gawrylewski, '' The Scientist'', 19 June 2007


Growth

Fifty-five preprints were posted in the first 15 days of ''Nature Precedings''. Of those, 26 were submitted as manuscripts and 29 as posters/presentations. Corresponding numbers for the first 50 days were 89, 48, and 41, and for the first six months, 303, 227, and 76. About 500 and 650 preprints were published during the first and second years, respectively. The growth of the repository can be tracked graphically on the ''Scientific Commons'' page for ''Nature Precedings''.


Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in
Scopus Scopus is a scientific abstract and citation database, launched by the academic publisher Elsevier as a competitor to older Web of Science in 2004. The ensuing competition between the two databases has been characterized as "intense" and is c ...
.


References


External links

* {{Official website Creative Commons Attribution-licensed journals Nature Research academic journals Academic journals established in 2007 English-language journals Publications disestablished in 2012 Multidisciplinary scientific journals 2007 establishments in England 2012 disestablishments in England