The National Romantic style was a Nordic

architectural style An architectural style is a classification of buildings (and nonbuilding structures) based on a set of characteristics and features, including overall appearance, arrangement of the components, method of construction, building materials used, for ...

that was part of the National Romantic movement during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is often considered to be a form of

Art Nouveau Art Nouveau ( ; ; ), Jugendstil and Sezessionstil in German, is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. It was often inspired by natural forms such as the sinuous curves of plants and ...

. The National Romantic style spread across

Denmark Denmark is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe. It is the metropole and most populous constituent of the Kingdom of Denmark,, . also known as the Danish Realm, a constitutionally unitary state that includes the Autonomous a ...

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of ...

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...

Finland Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, ...

Estonia Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Ru ...

, and

Latvia Latvia, officially the Republic of Latvia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is one of the three Baltic states, along with Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south. It borders Russia to the east and Belarus to t ...

, as well as

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

, where it also appeared as Russian Revival architecture. Unlike some nostalgic Gothic Revival style architecture in some countries, Romantic architecture often expressed progressive social and political ideals, through reformed domestic architecture.Barbara Miller Lane, ''National Romanticism and Modern Architecture in Germany and the Scandinavian Countries'' (New York: Cambridge University Press), 2000:10. Nordic designers turned to early

medieval architecture Medieval architecture was the architecture, art and science of designing and constructing buildings in the Middle Ages. The major styles of the period included pre-Romanesque, Romanesque architecture, Romanesque, and Gothic architecture, Gothic. In ...

and even prehistoric precedents to construct a style appropriate to the perceived character of people. The style can be seen as a reaction to industrialism and an expression of the same "Dream of the North" Romantic nationalism that gave impetus to renewed interest in the study of the history of Scandinavia, along with the rediscovery of the eddas and

saga Sagas are prose stories and histories, composed in Iceland and to a lesser extent elsewhere in Scandinavia. The most famous saga-genre is the (sagas concerning Icelanders), which feature Viking voyages, migration to Iceland, and feuds between ...

s of

Nordic mythology Norse, Nordic, or Scandinavian mythology, is the body of myths belonging to the North Germanic peoples, stemming from Old Norse religion and continuing after the Christianization of Scandinavia as the Nordic folklore of the modern period. The ...

Examples

* Bergen Station ''(Bergen stasjon)'' (1913, Norway) * Copenhagen City Hall ''(Københavns Rådhus)'' (1905, Denmark) * '' (Königlich-Sächsisches Landgericht)'' (1902, Germany) * Finnish National Theatre ''(Suomen Kansallisteatteri)'' (1902, Finland) * Frogner Church ''(Frogner kirke)'' (1907, Norway) * Holdre Manor ''(Holdre mõis)'' (1910, Estonia) * National Museum of Finland ''(Suomen Kansallismuseo)'' (1905, Finland) * Norwegian Institute of Technology ''(Norges tekniske høgskole)'' (1910, Norway) * Pohjola Insurance building (1901, Finland) * Polytechnic Students' Union or Sampo Building (1903, Finland) * Röhss Museum ''(Röhsska konstslöjdsmuseet)'' (1916, Sweden) *

Stockholm City Hall Stockholm City Hall (, ''Stadshuset'' locally) is the seat of Stockholm Municipality in Stockholm, Sweden. It stands on the eastern tip of Kungsholmen island, next to Riddarfjärden's northern shore and facing the islands of Riddarholmen and ...

''(Stockholms stadshus)'' (1923, Sweden) * Stockholm Court House ''(Stockholms Rådhus)'' (1915, Sweden) * Taagepera Castle ''(Taagepera mõis)'' (1912, Estonia) * Tarvaspää, (1913, Finland) the house and studio built for himself by Finnish painter Akseli Gallen-Kallela * Tolstoy House ''(Толстовский дом)'' (1912, Russia) * Church of the Epiphany ''(Uppenbarelsekyrkan)'' (1913, Sweden) * Vålerenga Church ''(Vålerenga kirke)'' (1902, Norway)

Sweden

File:Stadshuset mot nordost 2012.jpg,

File:Masthuggskyrkan September 2014 05.jpg, Masthugg Church

Finland

File:Finnish National Theatre.jpg, The Finnish National Theatre File:FinnishNationalTheatreDetail.jpg, Detail of Finnish National Theatre facade File:Helsinki Kansallismuseo 2006.jpg, The National Museum of Finland File:Nylands Nations hus.jpg, Nylands Nation, Student Nation of Helsinki University File:Municipal house.20051010 PM.hollola of finland.ojp.jpg, Hollola Municipal House File:Pohjola-talo.jpg, Alexanterinkatu Facade of Pohjola Insurance building, 1901. File:Kallio church, Helsinki 2004-06.jpg, Kallio Church, Helsinki File:Hvittorp.jpg, Hvittorp (near

Kirkkonummi Kirkkonummi (; , , Sweden ) is a municipality in Finland, located in the southern coast of the country. Kirkkonummi is situated in the western part of the Uusimaa region. The population of Kirkkonummi is approximately . It is the most populous Mu ...

). Built by Saarinen, Gesellius, and Lindgren for Robert Westerlund File:Nilsiä Church.jpg, Nilsiä Church, Northern Savonia File:Ainola.JPG, Ainola, Sibelius' home.

Estonia

File:Holdre mõisa peahoone.jpg, Holdre Manor File:Revel theatre.JPG, Reval German Theatre File:Taagepera loss.jpg, Taagepera Castle File:Tartu asv2022-04 img28 StPaul Church.jpg, St Paul's Church, Tartu

Denmark

File:Copenhagen City Hall.jpg, Copenhagen City Hall File:Hack Kampmanns Plads (Aarhus Toldkammer).jpg, Aarhus Custom House File:Aarhus Teater.jpg, Aarhus Theatre File:Copenhagen (37189955794).jpg, Copenhagen Central Station File:Det Kongelige Bibliotek.jpg, The Royal Library File:Sankt Andreas Kirke København SO.jpg, St. Andrew's Church

Russia

File:Невский пр. 7-9, дом Вавельберга.jpg, Wawelberg Bank File:Fontanka Embamkment 159.jpg, Kapustin house File:Putilova's house - 2013.jpg, Putilova house (The Owl House) File:Bolshaya Konushennaya Street 05.jpg, Melzer Revenue house File:Griboedov Canal Embankment 158.jpg, Traynin hoyse File:060. Санкт-Петербург. Некрасова ул., 60.JPG, Basseynaya Community of Apartment Owners buildings File:Kamennoostrovsky Avenue SPB 06.jpg, Bernstein house File:Владимирский 19 03.JPG, Basser house File:Malaia and Bolshaia Posadskaia.jpg, Zazersky house File:Ligovsky Avenue 63 2009-08 1249558455.jpg, Markozov house File:Kronpr23n.JPG, Barsova house File:Лиговский 91 01.jpg, Sagalov house File:Фонт54 (1).JPG, Tolstoy House File:Dom schmidta 1.jpg, Schmidt house File:St. Peterburg. Zagorodny Prospect, 64.JPG, House of the Latvian Church File:72 Марата.JPG, Bazhanov house File:Follenweider's private residence.jpg, Vollenweider house File:Дом Щербова - 2011.06.08.jpg, Shcherbov Estate Museum File:Lidval House 1.jpg, File:Lurdska matka bosca cathedral.jpg, Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes

References

State archives: Swedish National Romantic architecture

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:National Romantic Style 01 Scandinavian architecture Architecture in Denmark Architecture in Finland Architecture in Norway Architecture in Sweden Art Nouveau architecture Architectural history 19th-century architectural styles 20th-century architectural styles