Nathaniel Reed (environmentalist)
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Nathaniel Pryor "Nat" Reed (July 22, 1933 – July 11, 2018) was an American environmentalist and political aide. He was Assistant Secretary of Fish, Wildlife and Parks at the
United States Department of the Interior The United States Department of the Interior (DOI) is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of the Federal government of the United States, U.S. federal government responsible for the management and conservation ...
who co-wrote the
Endangered Species Act of 1973 The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA; 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq.) is the primary law in the United States for protecting and conserving imperiled species. Designed to protect critically imperiled species from extinction as a "consequence of e ...
and is credited with stopping the use of
DDT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, commonly known as DDT, is a colorless, tasteless, and almost odorless crystalline chemical compound, an organochloride. Originally developed as an insecticide, it became infamous for its environmental impacts. ...
. He is also helped with the passage of the
Clean Water Act The Clean Water Act (CWA) is the primary federal law in the United States governing water pollution. Its objective is to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters; recognizing the primary respo ...
, the
Marine Mammal Protection Act The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) was the first act of the United States Congress to call specifically for an ecosystem approach to wildlife management. Authority MMPA was signed into law on October 21, 1972, by President Richard Nixon ...
, and the expansion of national parks and reserves. President and CEO of
Audubon The National Audubon Society (Audubon; ) is an American non-profit environmental organization dedicated to conservation of birds and their habitats. Located in the United States and incorporated in 1905, Audubon is one of the oldest of such org ...
,
David Yarnold David Yarnold (born November 26, 1952) was the president and CEO of the National Audubon Society. He became the conservation organization's 10th president in September, 2010. Biography He was born in Los Angeles, California, and earned a B. ...
said, "Nat was a giant in conservation—that phrase is used a lot, but in Nat's case it's true."


Early life

Reed was born in New York City. He was the son of Permelia Pryor and Joseph Verner Reed of
Greenwich, Connecticut Greenwich ( ) is a New England town, town in southwestern Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it had a population of 63,518. It is the largest town on Gold Coast (Connecticut), Connectic ...
and
Hobe Sound, Florida Hobe Sound is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Martin County, Florida, United States, located along Florida's Treasure Coast. The population was 13,163 at the 2020 census, up from 11,521 in 2010. Geography Hobe Sound ...
. His father was a financier, author, diplomat, and producer of the American Shakespeare Festival in Greenwich. His maternal grandfather, Samuel F. Pryor, was a
St. Louis, Missouri St. Louis ( , sometimes referred to as St. Louis City, Saint Louis or STL) is an Independent city (United States), independent city in the U.S. state of Missouri. It lies near the confluence of the Mississippi River, Mississippi and the Miss ...
banker before moving east during
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
to manage the Remington Arms Co. His paternal grandfather, Verner Z. Reed, became wealthy through his banking, mining, oil, and ranch interests. After brokering the sale of a gold mine for a fee of $2 million, Verner Reed moved his family to Europe where Joseph was raised. Reed was raised on a 125-acre estate in
Greenwich, Connecticut Greenwich ( ) is a New England town, town in southwestern Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it had a population of 63,518. It is the largest town on Gold Coast (Connecticut), Connectic ...
and in Hoebe Sound, Florida. His family also spent each August in the
Adirondack Mountains The Adirondack Mountains ( ) are a massif of mountains in Northeastern New York which form a circular dome approximately wide and covering about . The region contains more than 100 peaks, including Mount Marcy, which is the highest point in Ne ...
. He grew up in nature, fishing and boating from the age of six. He attended
Deerfield Academy Deerfield Academy (often called Deerfield or DA) is an Independent school, independent College-preparatory school, college-preparatory boarding and day school in Deerfield, Massachusetts. Founded in 1797, it is one of the oldest secondary schoo ...
in
Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...
. He also attended
Trinity College Trinity College may refer to: Australia * Trinity Anglican College, an Anglican coeducational primary and secondary school in , New South Wales * Trinity Catholic College, Auburn, a coeducational school in the inner-western suburbs of Sydney, New ...
in Connecticut, graduating with a B.A. in 1955. There, he was a member of the fraternity
St. Anthony Hall St. Anthony Hall or the Fraternity of Delta Psi is an American fraternity and literary society. Its first chapter was founded at Columbia University on , the feast day of Saint Anthony the Great. The fraternity is a non–religious, nonsectar ...
. After college, he was a lieutenant in the
U.S. Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is one of the six United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Tracing its origins to 1 ...
for four years, serving in intelligence services in Europe, the Middle East, and north Africa through 1959.


Career

In 1960, Reed moved to Florida and began working as the vice president, and then president, of his family's business, the Hobe Sound Corp, until 1971. Hobe Sound Corp. was a land holding company that owned clubs and hotels between
Fort Pierce, Florida Fort Pierce is a city in and the county seat of St. Lucie County, Florida, United States. The city is part of the Treasure Coast region of Florida’s Atlantic Coast. It is also known as the Sunrise City. Per the 2020 census, the population w ...
and
West Palm Beach, Florida West Palm Beach is a city in and the county seat of Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. It is located immediately to the west of the adjacent Palm Beach, Florida, Palm Beach, which is situated on a barrier island across the Lake Worth Lag ...
, including owning the private
Jupiter Island Jupiter Island is a barrier island on the coast of Martin and Palm Beach counties, Florida. It is bounded on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, on the north by the St. Lucie Inlet, on the west by the Indian River, and on the south by the Jupiter ...
and its Jupiter Island Club. In 1968, Reed and his family donated five miles of beachfront to create
Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge The Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge, a part of the United States National Wildlife Refuge System, is a refuge on Jupiter Island in Florida. Its official name as of 2019 is the Nathaniel P. Reed Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge. Part of t ...
. One newspaper noted, "The area will thus be a haven for sea turtles and birds as well as for and millionaires." Regardless, Reed was horrified by the population explosion and uncontrolled development that was taking place in Florida during his childhood; he joined
The Nature Conservancy The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a global environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, United States. it works via affiliates or branches in 79 countries and territories, as well as across every state in the US. Founded in ...
. He was also motivated to become an environmentalist by
Rachel Carson Rachel Louise Carson (May 27, 1907 – April 14, 1964) was an American marine biologist, writer, and conservation movement, conservationist whose sea trilogy (1941–1955) and book ''Silent Spring'' (1962) are credited with advancing mari ...
's ''
Silent Spring ''Silent Spring'' is an environmental science book by Rachel Carson. Published on September 27, 1962, the book documented the environmental harm caused by the indiscriminate use of DDT, a pesticide used by soldiers during World War II. Carson acc ...
'' which was released in 1962. In 1962, Democratic Governor
Farris Bryant Cecil Farris Bryant (July 26, 1914 – March 1, 2002) was an American politician serving as the 34th governor of Florida. He also served on the United States National Security Council as director of the Office of Emergency Planning during t ...
appointed Reed to serve as the co-chair of the Florida Board of Antiquities. Reed saved thousands of gold coins and antiquities found in the state for Florida. When Republican Claude R. Kirk Jr. ran for governor of Florida, Reed prepared his conservation platform. Reed's qualifications seemed to have been that he was an amateur biologist, amateur botanist, and amateur ichthyologist, as well as a fisherman and hunter. He also had a passion “to unite fellow Floridians in my quest to stop unwanted development and mitigate ecological losses.” On January 6, 1967, Reed was appointed to the staff of Governor Kirk as an Environmental Counsel or administrative assistant for matters relating to industrial development and conservation. His salary was $1 a year. He worked to protect
Everglades National Park Everglades National Park is a List of national parks of the United States, national park of the United States that protects the southern twenty percent of the original Everglades in Florida. The park is the largest tropical wilderness in the Un ...
and to safeguard public lands. He endorsed the creation of
Biscayne National Park Biscayne National Park is a national park of the United States located south of Miami, Florida, in Miami-Dade County. The park preserves Biscayne Bay and its offshore barrier reefs. Ninety-five percent of the park is water, and the shore of th ...
and 22 new state parks. He also established effective controls to limit water and air pollution through the Florida Air and Water Pollution Control Act. After Kirk left office, Reed was asked to continue as a consultant to Governor
Reuben Askew Reuben or Reuven is a Biblical male first name from Hebrew רְאוּבֵן (Re'uven), meaning "behold, a son". In the Bible, Reuben was the firstborn son of Jacob. Variants include Reuvein in Yiddish or as an English variant spelling on the ...
and the chair of Florida's Air and Water Pollution Control Board. In 1968, Reed became chair of the Florida Pollution Control Commission. He then became the first chairman of the Florida Department of Air and Water Pollution Control in 1969. In this capacity, he sued
Mobil Mobil Oil Corporation, now known as just Mobil, is a petroleum brand owned and operated by American oil and gas corporation ExxonMobil, formerly known as Exxon, which took its current name after history of ExxonMobil#merger, it and Mobil merge ...
when their
phosphate Phosphates are the naturally occurring form of the element phosphorus. In chemistry, a phosphate is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid. It most commonly means orthophosphate, a derivative of orthop ...
mining subsidiary polluted a stream. Under his leadership, Florida's department became "one of the most aggressive and creative in the United States." When describing Reed's service to Florida, Democratic Representative Paul G. Rogers (Florida) said, "What impressed me about Nat Reed was the fact that he didn't care who it was that was polluting—and I think this is very significant—if they were polluting, he took action against them." In 1971, became the Assistant Secretary of Fish, Wildlife and Parks at the
United States Department of the Interior The United States Department of the Interior (DOI) is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of the Federal government of the United States, U.S. federal government responsible for the management and conservation ...
. In 1967, the newspapers had described Reed as a wealthy Republican. In 1971 when he was 37 years old, he was described as a multi-millionaire. During his confirmation hearings with the
U.S. Senate The United States Senate is a chamber of the bicameral United States Congress; it is the upper house, with the U.S. House of Representatives being the lower house. Together, the Senate and House have the authority under Article One of the ...
, it was revealed that Reed owned $500,000 in Mobil Oil company stock; however, this was not enough of a conflict to stop his appointment. Reed's family had accepted the oil stock in exchange for
oil shale Oil shale is an organic-rich Granularity, fine-grained sedimentary rock containing kerogen (a solid mixture of Organic compound, organic chemical compounds) from which liquid hydrocarbons can be produced. In addition to kerogen, general compos ...
land in
Colorado Colorado is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States. It is one of the Mountain states, sharing the Four Corners region with Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. It is also bordered by Wyoming to the north, Nebraska to the northeast, Kansas ...
. Although not required, Reed immediately sold $200,000 of the stock and committed to sell another $200,000 by January 1972. The remaining $100,000 was to be given to his children. When he accepted the federal appointment which paid $38,000 a year, Reed expected to be in
Washington D.C. Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States. The city is on the Potomac River, across from Virginia, and shares land borders with ...
for two years. He stayed in this position until 1977, serving under Presidents
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 until Resignation of Richard Nixon, his resignation in 1974. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican ...
and
Gerald Ford Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913December 26, 2006) was the 38th president of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, Ford assumed the p ...
. One of his duties was to review the Department of Interior's
environmental impact statement An environmental impact statement (EIS), under United States environmental law, is a document required by the 1969 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for certain actions "significantly affecting the quality of the human environment". An E ...
s with regards to compliance with the
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) is a United States environmental law designed to promote the enhancement of the environment. It created new laws requiring U.S. federal government agencies to evaluate the environmental impacts of ...
. On November 24, 1971, Nixon appointed Reed to serve as a commissioner of the U.S. Great Lakes Fishery Commission. A challenge faced by Reed when joining the Nixon administration was the general tendency of other Republications to be against environmental regulations; Reed said, "I am totally convinced that there must be environmental Republicans and that our record is far better than our critics would have it." However, Reed did find his work to be underfunded and involving too many "over-political aids." Despite political roadblocks, Reed included and promoted significant legislation, including passage of the
Marine Mammal Protection Act The Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) was the first act of the United States Congress to call specifically for an ecosystem approach to wildlife management. Authority MMPA was signed into law on October 21, 1972, by President Richard Nixon ...
and the
Clean Water Act The Clean Water Act (CWA) is the primary federal law in the United States governing water pollution. Its objective is to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters; recognizing the primary respo ...
. He stopped the
Everglades The Everglades is a natural region of flooded grasslands in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Florida, comprising the southern half of a large drainage basin within the Neotropical realm. The system begins near Orlando with the K ...
Jetport and the
Cross Florida Barge Canal The Marjorie Harris Carr Cross Florida Greenway is a protected green belt corridor, more than wide in places, that was the former route of the proposed Cross Florida Barge Canal. It is named for the leader of the opposition to the Cross Flo ...
, ended the use of
DDT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, commonly known as DDT, is a colorless, tasteless, and almost odorless crystalline chemical compound, an organochloride. Originally developed as an insecticide, it became infamous for its environmental impacts. ...
and
Compound 1080 Sodium fluoroacetate, also known by its trade name as a mammal poison compound 1080, is an organofluorine chemistry, organofluorine chemical compound with the chemical formula . It is the sodium salt (chemistry), salt of fluoroacetic acid, and co ...
, and co-wrote the
Endangered Species Act of 1973 The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA; 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq.) is the primary law in the United States for protecting and conserving imperiled species. Designed to protect critically imperiled species from extinction as a "consequence of e ...
. He expanded Redwoods National Park, protected eighty million acres in
Alaska Alaska ( ) is a non-contiguous U.S. state on the northwest extremity of North America. Part of the Western United States region, it is one of the two non-contiguous U.S. states, alongside Hawaii. Alaska is also considered to be the north ...
, and helped create Big Cypress National Reserve. He also pushed to stop feeding the
Yellowstone Yellowstone National Park is a List of national parks of the United States, national park of the United States located in the northwest corner of Wyoming, with small portions extending into Montana and Idaho. It was established by the 42nd U ...
grizzly bears garbage, returning them to a natural lifestyle, and his efforts to end the poisoning of western wolves with Compound 1080 helped restore both wolf and wolverine populations. Passed over for promotions and disliking the newly appointed Secretary of the Interior, Reed left office in November 1976 when Ford was not reelected. Back in Florida, Reed was elected to the Jupiter Island City Commission in March 1977. Also in 1977, he contemplated running for governor of Florida, with Dr. Charles Perry Kirk, as a running mate. In 1978, Governor
Bob Graham Daniel Robert Graham (November 9, 1936 – April 16, 2024) was an American lawyer, author, and politician who served as the 38th List of governors of Florida, governor of Florida from 1979 to 1987 and a United States Senate, United States senat ...
appointed Mr. Reed to the board of the
South Florida Water Management District The South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) is a regional governmental district that oversees water resources from Orlando to the Florida Keys. The mission of the SFWMD is to manage and protect water resources by balancing and improving ...
. He served on this board for fourteen years and oversaw replacing its development-minded members with those who supported the restoration of the
Everglades The Everglades is a natural region of flooded grasslands in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Florida, comprising the southern half of a large drainage basin within the Neotropical realm. The system begins near Orlando with the K ...
. In 1981, Reed publicly denounced
James G. Watt James Gaius Watt (January 31, 1938 – May 27, 2023) was an American lawyer, lobbyist, and civil servant who served as U.S. Secretary of the Interior in the Ronald Reagan administration from 1981 to 1983. He was described as "anti-environmenta ...
,
Secretary of the Interior Secretary of the Interior may refer to: * Secretary of the Interior (Mexico) * Interior Secretary of Pakistan * Secretary of the Interior and Local Government (Philippines) * United States Secretary of the Interior See also

*Interior ministry ...
and former underling to Reed. Although a supporter of President
Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. He was a member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party a ...
, Reed noted that, "They are attempting to turn the clock back to the pre- heodoreRoosevelt era, when everyone supposed natural resources were inexhaustible." He spoke out because, "I cannot sit idly by and watch lame-brained, outmoded philosophy take hold in stain my party's image." According to Reed, Watts had cut funding for
endangered species An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching, inv ...
, wanted to reduce grants to states through the
Land and Water Conservation Fund The United States' Land and Water Conservation Fund (LWCF) is a federal program that was established by Act of Congress in 1965 to provide funds and matching grants to federal, state and local governments for the acquisition of land and water, an ...
by as much as 75%, and had promised to give concessionaires a larger role in the administration of national parks. Reed also objected to Watts' belief in a Christian mandate "to occupy the land" and his description of the
Grand Canyon The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States. The Grand Canyon is long, up to wide and attains a depth of over a mile (). The canyon and adjacent rim are contained within Grand Canyon Nati ...
river run as "boring. In 1993, Reed co-chaired the new Florida Greenways Commission. In 2006, he co-chaired the Urban Land Institute's Florida Committee for Regional Cooperation. He also served on Florida's Environmental Land Management Study Committee II, Reclaimed Lands Committee, and Constitutional Revision Commission. In addition, he served on the Treasure Coast Regional Planning Council and chaired the Coastal Zone Committee. In 2017, Reed wrote a memoir, ''Travels on the Green Highway,'' that covered his decades of environmental campaigns.


Awards and honors

* 1972: Honorary Doctor of Public Service,
University of Florida The University of Florida (Florida or UF) is a public university, public land-grant university, land-grant research university in Gainesville, Florida, United States. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida and a preem ...
* 1972: Cornelius Amory Pugsley National Medal Award, 1000 Friends of Florida * 2003: Bill Sadowski Memorial Outstanding Service Award, Environmental and Land Use Law Section of
The Florida Bar The Florida Bar is the integrated, or unified bar organization for the state of Florida. It is the third largest such bar in the United States.
* 2004: Elizabeth Craig Weaver Proctor Medal,
Garden Club of America The Garden Club of America is a nonprofit organization made up of around 18,000 club members and 200 local garden clubs around the United States. Founded in 1913, by Elizabeth Price Martin and Ernestine Abercrombie Goodman, it promotes the recordi ...
. * 2005: Distinguished Friend, Florida Defenders of the Environment * 2006: Community Foundation for Palm Beach and Martin Counties Award * 2007: Aldo Starker Leopold Wild Trout Medal—Professional, Wild Trout Symposium * 2007: Distinguished Leader in Fish and Wildlife Conservation Award,
University of Florida The University of Florida (Florida or UF) is a public university, public land-grant university, land-grant research university in Gainesville, Florida, United States. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida and a preem ...
* 2008: Atlantic Salmon Federation Hall of Fame * 2013, Spirit of Defenders Advocacy Award,
Defenders of Wildlife Defenders of Wildlife is a 501(c)(3) non-profit conservation organization based in the United States. It works to protect all native animals and plants throughout North America in their natural communities. Background Defenders of Wildlife is a ...
* 2014, Champion of the Everglades Award, Arthur R. Marshall Foundation * 2017, Dan F. Lufkin Prize for Environmental Leadership,
Audubon The National Audubon Society (Audubon; ) is an American non-profit environmental organization dedicated to conservation of birds and their habitats. Located in the United States and incorporated in 1905, Audubon is one of the oldest of such org ...
* Everglades Coalition Hall of Fame


Personal life

Reed had three brothers—they were a vice president of
Chase Manhattan Bank JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., doing business as Chase, is an American national bank headquartered in New York City that constitutes the consumer and commercial banking subsidiary of the U.S. multinational banking and financial services holding ...
, the owner of ''American Heritage'' magazine, and a cattle farmer in
Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...
. On January 9, 1965, Reed married Alita Davis Weaver Pryor on January 9, 1965, at Christ Church in
Greenwich, Connecticut Greenwich ( ) is a New England town, town in southwestern Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it had a population of 63,518. It is the largest town on Gold Coast (Connecticut), Connectic ...
. She was from St. Louis and Greenwich and was the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William B. Weaver Jr. of Quaker Ridge in Greenwich. They had three children: Adrien, Alita, and Nathaniel Jr. The family lived on
Jupiter Island, Florida Jupiter Island is a town located on the barrier island also called Jupiter Island, in Martin County, Florida, United States; the town is part of Florida's Treasure Coast. It is part of the Port St. Lucie metropolitan area. The Town of Jupiter ...
. Reed was associated with many nonprofit organizations, including being chair of the
Natural Resources Defense Council The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) is a United States–based 501(c)(3) non-profit international environmental advocacy group, with its headquarters in New York City and offices in Washington, D.C., San Francisco, Los Angeles, Chicag ...
, vice-chair of
The Nature Conservancy The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a global environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, United States. it works via affiliates or branches in 79 countries and territories, as well as across every state in the US. Founded in ...
, vice-chair of Audubon, chair of the Crystal River Manatee Sanctuary Committee, and served on the board of the American Rivers, Atlantic Salmon Federation, the Florida Audubon Society, Hope Rural High School, the
National Geographic Society The National Geographic Society, headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, is one of the largest nonprofit scientific and educational organizations in the world. Founded in 1888, its interests include geography, archaeology, natural sc ...
, and
Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone National Park is a List of national parks of the United States, national park of the United States located in the northwest corner of Wyoming, with small portions extending into Montana and Idaho. It was established by the 42nd U ...
. He was also a founder, president, and chairman of 1000 Friends of Florida, a nonprofit that watched growth. He also helped create and was CEO of the
Everglades Foundation The Everglades Foundation was formed by a group of outdoor enthusiasts, environmentalists and residents of Florida who were concerned over the decline of the Everglades and the resulting damage in the nearby natural and protected areas such as F ...
. In 2018, Reed died in
Quebec City Quebec City is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Quebec. As of July 2021, the city had a population of 549,459, and the Census Metropolitan Area (including surrounding communities) had a populati ...
, Canada at the age of 84 from a brain injury he received while fishing for salmon on the Grand Cascapédia River.


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Reed, Nathaniel 1933 births 2018 deaths Activists from Manhattan People from Hobe Sound, Florida People from Greenwich, Connecticut Deerfield Academy alumni Trinity College (Connecticut) alumni St. Anthony Hall American environmentalists American real estate and property developers United States Department of the Interior officials Nixon administration personnel Ford administration personnel