Naresyuk
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The nares-jux (нарс-юх) or Siberian lyre is a musical instrument, a type of box-
lyre The lyre () (from Greek λύρα and Latin ''lyra)'' is a string instrument, stringed musical instrument that is classified by Hornbostel–Sachs as a member of the History of lute-family instruments, lute family of instruments. In organology, a ...
, played by the peoples of the
Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, also known as Khanty-Mansia (Khantia-Mansia), is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Tyumen Oblast). It has a population of 1,532,243 as of the 2010 Census. Its administrative center is lo ...
of Russian
Siberia Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states ...
.


Etymology

The Ostyak (
Khanty people The Khanty (), also known in older literature as Ostyaks (), are a Ob-Ugric languages, Ugric Indigenous people, living in Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug, a region historically known as "Yugra" in Russia, together with the Mansi people, Mansi. I ...
) term the instrument ''nares-jux'', meaning "musical wood" or "singing tree" in the
Khanty language Khanty (also spelled Khanti or Hanti), previously known as Ostyak (), is a branch of the Ugric languages composed of multiple dialect continuum, dialect continua. It is varyingly considered a language or a collection of distinct languages spoken i ...
. The same instrument is played by the
Mansi people The Mansi (Mansi language, Mansi: Мāньси / Мāньси мāхум, ''Māńsi / Māńsi māhum'', ) are an Ob-Ugrians, Ob-Ugric Indigenous people living in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khanty–Mansia, an Autonomous okrugs of Russia, au ...
(formerly known as ''Vogul''), and is known as sangkultap (or ''sangvyltap'', санквылтап) in the Vogul language. Various names and spellings include: ''naresyuk'', ''nars-yukh'', ''naras-yux'', ''nars-juh'', ''nares-yuk'', possibly ''nanus'' ''narsus'', ''panan-juh'', or ''shongoort''.


Construction and playing

In the traditional form, the hollow body of the instrument is carved from a single piece of wood (fir or cedar) around 100 cm long. One end is pointed and the other is forked into two arms which carry a crossbar to hold the tuning mechanism. The soundboard is around 0.5 cm in thickness and covers the whole of the body except the forked end. A bridge is fitted, towards the pointed end of the body. A soundpost is fitted inside the instrument, between the back of the body and the soundboard, to provide support at the position of the bridge. There are typically five strings of tendon or gut. Wood or bone tuning levers are used to tension the strings by pulling them around the crossbar. The strings are tuned diatonically, to a major or minor pentachord. These lyres are also distinguished by the placing of pebbles within the resonating body, causing a rattle. Modern examples may have metal strings, an increased number of strings, tuning pegs or pins, and a body which lacks the forked end. The nares-jux is played with a blocking technique: the player strums the strings with the right hand and uses the fingers of the left hand to damp those strings which are not intended to sound.


See also

*
Khutang The Khutang (literally translated to "swan", also called Ostyak harp, ''Kiotang, Sotang'', ''Shotang'') is a type of harp The harp is a stringed musical instrument that has individual strings running at an angle to its soundboard; the str ...
, an arched-angular lap-harp of the Khanty and Mansi * Tonkori, a similarly-shaped long five-string zither of the
Ainu people The Ainu are an Indigenous peoples, indigenous ethnic group who reside in northern Japan and southeastern Russia, including Hokkaido and the Tōhoku region of Honshu, as well as the land surrounding the Sea of Okhotsk, such as Sakhalin, the Ku ...
of northern Japan


References

{{Use dmy dates, date=March 2017 Lyres Russian musical instruments Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug