Nancy Fraser

Nancy Fraser (; born May 20, 1947) is an American philosopher, critical theorist, feminist, and the Henry A. and Louise Loeb Professor of Political and Social Science and professor of philosophy at The New School in New York City.Jadžić, Miloš & Miljković, Dušan & Veselinović, Ana (eds.). (2012). ''Kriza, odgovori, levica: Prilozi za jedan kritički diskurs'', Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung Southeastern Europe: Belgrade, p. 239 (in Serbian) Widely known for her critique of identity politics and her philosophical work on the concept of justice, Fraser is also a staunch critic of contemporary liberal feminism and its abandonment of social justice issues. Fraser holds honorary doctoral degrees from four universities in three countries, and won the 2010 Alfred Schutz Prize in Social Philosophy from the American Philosophical Association. She was President of the American Philosophical Association Eastern Division for the 2017–2018 term.

Early life and education

Fraser came from a mixed second generation immigrant family, with a Jewish father and a mother of Irish Catholic and Jewish heritage. Her father's parents were Eastern European immigrants of primarily Lithuanian and Polish descent. Her maternal grandmother's family was of Irish Catholic descent. Her grandmother's father was a Jewish peddler. She describes her parents as "Jewish and very Jewish-identified", but not religious. She had a bat mitzvah and attended High Holiday services at synagogue. She earned her bachelor's degree in philosophy at Bryn Mawr College in 1969, and a PhD in philosophy from the CUNY Graduate Center in 1980.

Career

She taught in the philosophy department at Northwestern University for many years before moving to the New School in 1995. She has been a visiting professor at universities in Germany, France, Spain, and the Netherlands. In addition to her many publications and lectures, Fraser is a former co-editor of ''Constellations'', an international journal of critical and democratic theory, where she remains an active member of the Editorial Council. She has been invited to deliver the Tanner Lectures at Stanford University and the Spinoza Lectures at the University of Amsterdam. In 2024, a job offer to give lectures at the University of Cologne was rescinded after it was discovered that Fraser had signed a letter "Philosophy for Palestine". Fraser called the decision to disinvite her " philosemitic McCarthyism".

Research

Fraser has written on a wide variety of issues, but she is primarily known for her work on the philosophical conceptions of justice and injustice. Fraser argues that justice can be understood in two separate but interrelated ways: distributive justice (in terms of a more equitable distribution of resources), and recognition justice (the recognition of difference between social identities and groups). There are two corresponding forms of injustice: maldistribution and misrecognition.

Fraser argues that many social justice movements in the 1960s and 1970s argued for recognition on the basis of race, gender, sexuality, or ethnicity, and that the focus on correcting misrecognition eclipsed the importance of challenging the persistent problems of maldistribution. In other words, Fraser asserts that too much of a focus on identity politics diverts attention from the deleterious effects of neoliberal capitalism and the growing wealth inequality that characterizes many societies.

In more recent work, Fraser goes even further in linking the narrow focus of identity politics with the widening gap between the rich and poor, particularly with regard to liberal feminism, which Fraser calls the "handmaiden" of capitalism. Reflecting on Sheryl Sandberg's 2013 book '' Lean In'', Fraser explained:

In March 2022, she was amongst 151 international feminists signing ''Feminist Resistance Against War: A Manifesto'', in solidarity with the Russian Feminist Anti-War Resistance.

Books

''Fortunes of Feminism''

''Fortunes of Feminism: From State-Managed Capitalism to Neoliberal Crisis'' is a collection of essays written from 1985 to 2010Fraser, Nancy (2013). Fortunes of feminism: from state-managed capitalism to neoliberal crisis. Brooklyn, New York: Verso Books. that aims at dissecting the "drama in three acts" that according to the author is the thread of second-wave feminism. Act one represents the moment when the feminist movement joined radical movements to transform society through uncovering gender injustice and capitalism's androcentrism, while act two, Fraser highlights with regret, is a switch from redistribution to recognition and difference and a shift to identity politics that risk to support neoliberalism through efforts to build a free-market society. Foreseeing act three as a revival of the movement, Fraser argues for a reinvigorated feminist radicalism able to address the global economic crisis."Fortunes of Feminism." Verso. Verso Books, n.d. Web. March 23, 2015. Feminism must be a force working in concert with other egalitarian movements in the struggle to bring the economy under democratic control, while building on the visionary potential of the earlier waves of women's liberation.

The work is considered an important contribution as it provides a clear frame to rethink issues related to labor, emancipation, identity, rights claims at the core of political demands of justice in the contemporary context of neoliberalism. Although a necessary incorporation of political economy into contemporary feminist discourse, Fraser's use of theoretical schemas has been criticized as dense and baffling at times—it is unclear, for example, why there are three types of needs discourses, four registers of dependency, or seven principles of gender justice. M. E. Mitchell, writer for Marx & Philosophy, writes "This omplexityis, perhaps, owing to her propensity to avail herself of whatever terms best encapsulate processes of institutionalized oppression. Thinking thus, from the ground up, gives her work a complexity that at times compromises the systematic quality and coherence of her theoretical categories."

''Unruly Practices''

''Unruly Practices: Power, Discourse, and Gender in Contemporary Social Theory'' is a collection of essays written between 1980 and 1989.Fraser, Nancy. Unruly Practices: Power, Discourse, and Gender in Contemporary Social Theory. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota, 1989. Print. The book examines the theories of power and source in Foucault, the politics of French deconstruction and Richard Rorty, the politics of gender in Habermas, and the politics of need interpretation in two concluding essays which delineate her own position within contemporary socialist-feminist critical theory. Contemporaries such as Douglas Kellner have praised Fraser's writings as "seasoned with social hope" and effectively synthesizing feminist commitment to political agency and social progress with several forms of modern and postmodern social skepticism. However, others have criticized her goal of providing "the sort of big diagnostic picture necessary to orient he currentpolitical practice" of socialist feminism for being both too ambitious and ultimately too narrow. Patricia S. Mann, for example, summarizes the pitfalls of the text as follows:

Awards and honors

* Doctor Honoris Causa, Erasmus School of History, Culture and Communication and Faculty of Philosophy, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 2014.
* Doctor Honoris Causa, Universidad Nacional de San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2014.
* International Research Chair in Social Justice, Collège d'études mondiales, Paris, 2011-2016
* Senior Fellow, Center for Advanced Studies "Justitia Amplificata," Frankfurt, 2013.
* Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Fellow, November–December 2012.
* Einstein Visiting Fellow, JFK Institute for North American Studies, Freie Universität, Berlin, 2010–2012.
* Humanitas Visiting Professor in Women's Rights, University of Cambridge, UK, March 2011
* Doctor Honoris Causa, Roskilde University, Denmark, 2011.
* Donald Gordon Fellow, Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Studies, South Africa, 2011.
* Alfred Schutz Prize in Social Philosophy, American Philosophical Association, 2010.
* Chaire Blaise Pascal, École des hautes études en sciences sociales, Paris, 2008-2010
* Awarded the Doctor Honoris Causa, by the National University of Cordoba (Argentina), 2006.
* American Academy of Arts and Sciences Fellow, 2019.
* Karl Polanyi Visiting Professorship, 2021.
*Knight of the Legion of Honor of France
*Nessim Habif World Prize, University of Geneva, 12 October 2018
*Nonino Prize 2022 "Master of Our Time", Italy, 2022.

Writings

Books
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Edited books and select contributions to edited volumes
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Journal articles
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Notes

References

Further reading

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Pdf.

* (Review of ''Fortunes of Feminism: From State-Managed Capitalism to Neoliberal Crisis''.)
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Pdf (in Spanish).

External links

Essay "Rethinking Recognition"
New Left Review 3, May–June 2000.

Essay "On Justice: Lessons from Plato, Rawls and Ishiguro"
New Left Review 74, March–April 2012.


March 2005.

"The New School For Social Research"


lecture by Nancy Fraser (video, 55:33 min.), French Sociology Association Congress, Paris, April 17, 2009.

Interview with Nancy Fraser: Justice as Redistribution, Recognition and Representation
in Barcelona Metropolis, March 2009.

Interview with Nancy Fraser: Global Justice and the Renewal of Critical Theory
*Critical Governance Conference
Prof Nancy Fraser Interview
University of Warwick, 2011

A 2019 Theorypleeb interview series focusing on Capitalism: A Conversation in Critical Theory

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fraser, Nancy
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1947 births
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