Nadhim Kzar was the first head of the Iraqi

Directorate of General Security The Directorate of General Security (DGS) () also known as Internal State Security was a domestic Iraqi Intelligence Service, Iraqi intelligence agency.Hiltermann, Joost. ''Bureaucracy of Repression: The Iraqi Government in Its Own Words''. Hum ...

History

He joined the

Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region The Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region ( ''Ḥizb al-Ba‘th al-'Arabī al-Ishtirākī fī al-'Irāq''), officially the Iraqi Regional Branch, was an Iraqi Ba'athism, Ba'athist organisation founded in 1951 by Fuad al-Rikabi. It was t ...

in the 1950s as a student and was one of the first

Shia Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political successor (caliph) and as the spiritual leader of the Muslim community (imam). However, his right is understood ...

to hold a position of power in the regime. He was briefly imprisoned by

Abdul Salam Arif Abdul Salam Mohammed ʿArif Al-Jumaili ('; 21 March 1921 – 13 April 1966) was an Iraqi military officer and politician who served as the second president of Iraq from 1963 until his death in a plane crash in 1966. He played a leading role in ...

in 1964/5. In 1969 he was appointed head of

. He has been credited with invigorating an organisation that was failing after ten (1958–1968) years of army control yet he was despised for his sadism and his habit of conducting interrogations personally, usually involving torture. He is reputed to have personally beaten to death Islamic scholar and government opponent

Abd al-Aziz al-Badri Abd al-Aziz ibn Abd al-Latif ibn Ahmed ibn Abd al-Mawla ibn Mustafa ibn Zahir ibn Othman ibn Dawlah ibn Muhammad ibn Badr (1929 – 1969) was an Iraqi Islamic scholar. He was one of the founders of the Iraqi branch of Hizb ut-Tahrir and later the ...

Attempted coup

In July 1973, allegedly motivated by the dominance of

Sunni Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam and the largest religious denomination in the world. It holds that Muhammad did not appoint any successor and that his closest companion Abu Bakr () rightfully succeeded him as the caliph of the Mu ...

s in Iraq, he led an unsuccessful coup against President

Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr Field Marshal Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr (1 July 1914 – 4 October 1982) was an Iraqi politician who served as the fourth president of Iraq, from 17 July 1968 to 15 July 1979. He was a leading member of the revolutionary Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party a ...

. He took hostage the minister of interior Sa'adiun Gheidan and minister of defense

Hamid Shehab Hamid refers to two different but related Arabic given names, both of which come from the Arabic triconsonantal root of Ḥ-M-D (): # (Arabic: ''ḥāmed'') also spelled Haamed, Hamid or Hamed, and in Turkish Hamit; it means "lauder" or "one wh ...

. He had intended to assassinate Bakr when his plane landed in Baghdad, but the flight was late and the assassination attempt was aborted. He shot dead Shehab (Gheidan was injured, but feigned death and survived) and then was captured as he attempted to flee to Iran.Saddam Hussein's interview to FBI
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Execution

On July 7 he was tried over the coup by the

Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council The Revolutionary Command Council () was the ultimate decision-making body in Ba'athist Iraq. Established after the 17 July Revolution, 1968 Iraqi coup, It exercised both executive power, executive and legislative authority in the country, wit ...

under

Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri (; 1 July 1942 – 26 October 2020) was an Iraqi politician, military officer and field marshal. He served as Vice Chairman of the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council until the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United States ...

and executed that same month.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kzar, Nadhim 1940 births 1973 deaths Iraqi Shia Muslims 20th-century executions by Iraq Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region politicians Directors of intelligence agencies Executed Iraqi people