Naccariaceae is a family of red algae in the order
Bonnemaisoniales
Bonnemaisoniales is an order of red algae in the class Florideophyceae.
It includes 2 families;
* Bonnemaisoniaceae - 25 spp.
* Naccariaceae - 7 spp.
The order has cosmopolitan distribution
In biogeography, a cosmopolitan distribution i ...
, with 3
monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unisp ...
genera that are found in both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
History
It was
circumscribed In geometry, a circumscribed circle for a set of points is a circle passing through each of them. Such a circle is said to ''circumscribe'' the points or a polygon formed from them; such a polygon is said to be ''inscribed'' in the circle.
* Circum ...
by
Harald Kylin
Johan Harald Kylin (5 February 1879 – 16 December 1949) was a Swedish botanist specializing in phycology and a professor at Lund University. He was also editor of the Botaniska Notiser
''Botaniska Notiser'' was a Swedish scientific journal, sc ...
in 1928. When established the family only had 2 genera, ''Atractophora'' and ''Naccaria''. It was also suggested in 1987 (by Gabrielson and Garbary) and in 1997 (by Abbot) that the genera should be placed in the
Gigartinales
Gigartinales is a red algae order in the class Florideophyceae
Florideophyceae is a class of exclusively multicellular red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the fila ...
Order. But (Hommersand and Fredericq, 1990) said that the similarities in nutritive cells and carpospore germination, noted that the order Bonnemaisoniales was better used instead, Womersley, 1996 agreed.
[John Marinus Huisman ] The family is not
monophyletic
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria:
# the grouping contains its own most recent co ...
.
[
]
Description
They have a thallus (gametophyte
A gametophyte () is one of the two alternating multicellular phases in the life cycles of plants and algae. It is a haploid multicellular organism that develops from a haploid spore that has one set of chromosomes. The gametophyte is the se ...
) which is erect, mucosoid and irregularly radially branched. The structure is uniaxial; axial cells initially ecorticate (without a cortex), but eventually with a cortex, or surrounded by rhizoids
Rhizoids are protuberances that extend from the lower epidermal cells of bryophytes and algae. They are similar in structure and function to the root hairs of vascular land plants. Similar structures are formed by some fungi. Rhizoids may be uni ...
(protuberances that extend from the lower epidermal cells) that can be secondarily inflated. They have determinate branches arising in a spiral or whorled pattern. The plants are usually dioecious
Dioecy ( ; ; adj. dioecious, ) is a characteristic of certain species that have distinct unisexual individuals, each producing either male or female gametes, either directly (in animals) or indirectly (in seed plants). Dioecious reproduction is ...
. The spermatangia
A gametangium (: gametangia) is a sex organ or cell in which gametes are produced that is found in many multicellular protists, algae, fungi, and the gametophytes of plants. In contrast to gametogenesis in animals, a gametangium is a haploid stru ...
in clusters on outer cells. The Carpogonial branches (the female organs) are borne on basal cells of lateral branches, with nutritive cells. The fertilised zygote
A zygote (; , ) is a eukaryote, eukaryotic cell (biology), cell formed by a fertilization event between two gametes.
The zygote's genome is a combination of the DNA in each gamete, and contains all of the genetic information of a new individ ...
generally fusing with the hypogynous cell, then producing a diffuse or discrete gonimoblast
A gonimoblast is a type of cell produced by red algae upon the fertilization of a zygotic nucleus, and involved in the formation of carpospores. The cells subsequently divide and ultimately serve as storage or generative cells. Storage cells c ...
lacking a pericarp
Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers. They are found in three main anatomical categories: aggregate fruits, multiple fruits, and simple fruits.
Fruitlike structures may develop directly from the seed itself rather th ...
(ovary wall). Tetrasporophytes, where known, are microscopic and filamentous, with lateral or terminal tetrahedrally divided tetrasporangia
Red algae, or Rhodophyta (, ; ), make up one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae. The Rhodophyta comprises one of the largest phyla of algae, containing over 7,000 recognized species within over 900 genera amidst ongoing taxonomic revisions. ...
.
The gonimoblast filaments develop directly from the fertilized carpogonium though the carpogonium may fuse with the cell in the carpogonial branch (Kylin, 1928).
Genera
As accepted by GBIF
The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) is an international organisation that focuses on making scientific data on biodiversity available via the Internet using web services. The data are provided by many institutions from around the ...
;Florideophyceae
Florideophyceae is a class of exclusively multicellular red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the filamentous stage of the Bangiaceae. They were also thought only to ex ...
).
* '' Naccaria'' (''Naccaria wiggii'' )
* '' Reticulocaulis'' (''Reticulocaulis mucosissimus'' )
Also '' Liagorothamnion'' is listed as an accepted genus by WoRMS
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms.
Content
The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ...
and AlgaeBase
AlgaeBase is a global species database of information on all groups of algae, both seaweed, marine and freshwater algae, freshwater, as well as sea-grass.
History
AlgaeBase began in March 1996, founded by Michael D. Guiry, Michael Guiry. Text ...
and placed within the Order Atractophorales (subclass Rhodymeniophycidae
Florideophyceae is a class of exclusively multicellular red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the filamentous stage of the Bangiaceae. They were also thought only to ...
and class Florideophyceae
Florideophyceae is a class of exclusively multicellular red algae. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the filamentous stage of the Bangiaceae. They were also thought only to ex ...
).
Distribution
''Atractophore'' is found in the Atlantic Europe
Atlantic Europe encompasses the western portion of Europe which borders the Atlantic Ocean. The term may refer to the idea of Atlantic Europe as a cultural unit and/or as a biogeographical region.
It comprises the British Isles (Great Britain an ...
, while ''Naccaria'' is widespread in both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, lastly the genus of ''Reticulous'' is only found around the Hawaiian Islands
The Hawaiian Islands () are an archipelago of eight major volcanic islands, several atolls, and numerous smaller islets in the Pacific Ocean, North Pacific Ocean, extending some from the Hawaii (island), island of Hawaii in the south to nort ...
.[ David J. Garbary and G. Robin South (editors) ][Isabella Aiona Abbott ]
References
Other sources
* Kamiya, M., Lindstrom, S.C., Nakayama, T., Yokoyama, A., Lin, S.-M., Guiry, M.D., Gurgel, F.D.G., Huisman, J.M., Kitayama, T., Suzuki, M., Cho, T.O. & Frey, W. 2017. Rhodophyta. In: Syllabus of Plant Families, 13th ed. Part 2/2: Photoautotrophic eukaryotic Algae. (Frey, W. Eds), pp. €“xii, €“171. Stuttgart: Borntraeger Science Publishers. ISBN 978-3-443-01094-2
External links
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q10335281
Red algae families
Bonnemaisoniales